Airway Management, Ventilation, Respiratory

Question 1

Ends at the vocal chords?

Answer 1

Upper Airway

Question 2

Base of tongue; blind passage; Macintosh blade

Answer 2

Vallecula

Question 3

Epiglottis and glottic opening are at the?

Answer 3

Vocal chords

Question 4

Vagal; split in the bronchus

Answer 4

Carina

Question 5

Functional units where gases are exchanged

Answer 5

Alveoli

Question 6

An area of great to an area of lesser ( particles )

Answer 6

Diffusion

Question 7

Receptors sense increase in CO2 (hypercarbia) and PH in the blood and CSF and signal breathing

Answer 7

Brain stem

Question 8

Amount of air breathed in or out in one breath; 500-600mL

Answer 8

Tidal Volume

Question 9

Amount of air in or out in one minute ; MV = TVxRR

Answer 9

Minute volume

Question 10

Low oxygen in the blood

Answer 10

Hypoxemia

Question 11

Increased carbon dioxide in blood

Answer 11

Hypercarbia

Question 12

Rise and fall of chest during breathing

Answer 12

Chest wall excursion

Question 13

Equal movement

Answer 13

Symmetry

Question 14

The shrinking of a a cell due to osmosis

Answer 14

Crenation

Question 15

The breaking of a Cell

Answer 15

Hemolysis

Question 16

Purple color on the color metric device indicates what?

Answer 16

That the ET tube is improperly placed in the esophagus ect.

Question 17

A Juxtacapillary or J- receptor sense what in the lungs?

Answer 17

Increase in pressure

Question 18

A Pt with worsening pericardial tamponade would show what on the monitor?

Answer 18

Diminishing level of end tidal CO2

Question 19

The majority of CO2 transported in the blood is carried as what?

Answer 19

60% of CO2 is carried as Bicarbonate

Question 20

ETCO2 is determined at the end of what phase?

Answer 20

Phase 3 - plateau

Question 21

A pt that goes into respiratory failure will most likely have breathing?

Answer 21

Shallow inhalation

Question 22

Ongoing detection of CO2 and hydrogen levels in the blood stream to aid negative feedback control of breathing is closely monitored by what structure?

Answer 22

Central Chemoreceptors

Question 23

When the alveolar plateau increases, it is usually because the capno machine is picking up what?

Answer 23

More exhaled carbon dioxide

Question 24

The ventral respiratory group is responsible for

Answer 24

Accessory muscle activation

Question 25

The four main centers for respiratory control are

Answer 25

Dorsal respiratory group Ventral respiratory group Pneumotaxic center Apneustic center

Question 26

What should be suspected when the alveolar plateau appears reversed in waveform capnography?

Answer 26

Emphysema

Question 27

The heart fills up during?

Answer 27

Diastole

Question 28

Bronchitis, bronchiolitis, asthma, emphysema & allergic reaction all have what type of lung sounds?

Answer 28

Wheezing

Question 29

CHF, pulmonary edema, cardio genic shock L sided H/F all have what type of lung sounds?

Answer 29

Crackles/ Rales

Question 30

Chronic bronchitis , pneumonia have what type of lung sound?

Answer 30

Rhonchi

Question 31

How is Mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) approximated?

Answer 31

Diastolic BP + 1/3 of the pulse pressure

Question 32

Pain that commonly originates in the body's organs often described generally as dull, heavy, oppressive or as pressure or ache.

Answer 32

Visceral pain

Question 33

Phenytoin is used for what type of medical condition?

Answer 33

Seizures

Question 34

A beta blocker often used for hypertension

Answer 34

Esmolol

Question 35

Pt's with A-Fib at risk for thrombus formation are usually prescribed

Answer 35

Anticoagulant such as Coumadin

Question 36

Epinephrine/ Adrenaline

Answer 36

Asthma, allergic reaction, anaphylaxis, asystole, PEA, v-fib or pulse less v-tach * 1:1,000 SQ/IM for asthma or allergic reaction 0.3-0.5 mg (or ML) * 1:10,000 IV for anaphylaxis w hypotension 0.3-0.5 mg or 3-5 ML * 1:10,000 IV for asystole 1 mg q 3-5 min * Alpha and Beta stimulator ; bronchodilator * may be given down ET tube (2-2.5 mg diluted) * positive inotropic and chronotropic * may cause hypertension, tachycardia, Myocardial ischemia, dilated pupils, palpations * pediatric dose for Epi is 0.01 mg/kg initially

Question 37

Sensory nerves ASCENDING body to brain

Answer 37

Afferent

Question 38

Motor DESCENDING brain to body

Answer 38

Efferent

Question 39

What are the two most often injured vertebrae sections in the spinal column?

Answer 39

Cervical and lumbar

Question 40

Below the dura mater but above the PIA mater, takes days to weeks before it presents with symptoms

Answer 40

Subdural hematoma

Question 41

Above the dura (between dura and skull) arterial bleed; middle meningeal artery; unconscious then conscious then unconscious (lucid interval) within hours.

Answer 41

Epidural hematoma

Question 42

Signs of Herniation

Answer 42

GCS drops and unequal pupils, decerebrate posturing, GCS drops by 2 points

Question 43

Osmotic diuretic drug used to reduce increased ICP, temporary measure

Answer 43

Mannitol

Question 44

Most important aspect of neurological exam is?

Answer 44

How the LOC is changing

Question 45

Lining of the abdominal cavity

Answer 45

Peritoneum

Question 46

Connects bone to muscle

Answer 46

Tendons

Question 47

Connects bone to bone

Answer 47

Ligaments

Question 48

Facial bones around nose broken is what type of fracture?

Answer 48

Le Fort

Question 49

Too and bottom of bone driven into each other is what type of fracture

Answer 49

Impacted

Question 50

Injury to ligaments

Answer 50

Sprain

Question 51

Injury to muscle

Answer 51

Strain

Question 52

Fractures and dislocations S&S The six p's

Answer 52

``` 1 - pain 2 - pallor 3 - paresthesia 4 - paralysis 5 - pressure 6 - pulse ```

Question 53

Treatment of fractures and dislocations are

Answer 53

Ice, splint and elevate

Question 54

Most commonly fractured bone is

Answer 54

Clavicle

Question 55

Complications of fractures and dislocations

Answer 55

Nerve and vascular , vascular is the worst complication

Question 56

Increased swelling swelling causes compression of blood flow and damages nerves is what?

Answer 56

Compartment syndrome

Question 57

A common side effect of ACE inhibitors is

Answer 57

A persistent and irritating cough

Question 58

An unexpected and usually individual reaction to a drug is called

Answer 58

Idiosyncrasy

Question 59

Pressure waves damage hollow/ air filled organs , causes barotrauma

Answer 59

Primary phase

Question 60

Struck by flying debris

Answer 60

Secondary phase

Question 61

Victims are thrown and impact other objects / ground

Answer 61

Tertiary phase

Question 62

Injuries indirectly caused by the explosion

Answer 62

Quaternary phase

Question 63

Parkland burn formula

Answer 63

4mL x weight x BSA% burned over 24 hrs ; half of volume in first 8 hrs

Question 64

Grey Matter, personality, intelligence, judgement, occipital area-sight is what part of the brain?

Answer 64

Cerebrum

Question 65

Balance, coordination and muscle tone is controlled by what part of the brain?

Answer 65

Cerebellum

Question 66

Mid brain, Pons and Medulla • B/P & HR • breathing & consciousness Controlled by what part of the brain?

Answer 66

Brain stem

Question 67

Temperature regulation, Production of hormones is what part of the brain?

Answer 67

Hypothalamus

Question 68

Kidney injury

Answer 68

Retro peritoneal

Question 69

Pain type that commonly originates in the body's organs. Often pain is described as generally dull,heavy and oppressive

Answer 69

Visceral pain