Airway Management Flashcards
Upper airway
Nasal passages, teeth, tongue, pharynx (tonsils, uvula, epiglottis), VC, glottis
Lower airway anatomy
Trachea, carina, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli
Action of posterior cricoarytenoid
Abducts VC and opens glottis
Action of lateral cricoarytenoid
Closes glottis
Action of arytenoids,
Closes glottis
Action of cricothyroid
Tenses and elongates VC
Thyroarytenoid action
Shortens and relaxes VC
Reasons for mask airway in GA
Not difficult a/w, surgeon doesnt need access to head or neck, no a/w bleed/sec, short case, head available, obstruction easily relieved w chin lift, no NMB used
Precautions for oral and nasal a/w
Oral: bleed, soft tissue damage, laryngospasm. Nasal: epistacis, nasal or basal skull fracture, adenoid hypertrophy
LMA male/female sizing.
Male 4/5 female 3/4
Advantages of LMA
Easy, fast, hemodynamic stability in induc and emergence, reduced anes reqs, less coughing in emergence, less sore throat, avoids foreign body in trachea
Disadvantages of lma
Lower seal p, higher freq of gastric insufflation, esoph reflux more likely, cant mechanically vent
When tracheal intub indicated
A/w compromise, inaccessible a/w, long surgery, surgery of head/neck/abd, need to control vent or peep, cant maintain a/w w mask or lma, aspiration risk, a/w disease, pregnant
How RSI induc diff
Pre oxygenate, cricoid pressure, induc agent, sux, wait 60 sec, place ett, confirm placement, release pressure
Airway adjuncts
Bullard, lma, bougie, glideoscope
