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FRT-2 > Airway devices > Flashcards

Airway devices Flashcards

1
Q

It is a flexible plastic tube that is inserted into the patient mouth into the trachea to help sustain a spontaneous breathing.

A

Endotracheal Tube

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2
Q

Process of inserting ET tube in to the airway of the patient and is most frequently performed type of intubation

A

Endotracheal In`tubation

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3
Q

This ET tube requires an injection of your pressurized `air into the balloon to create a seal against the inside wall of your airway

A

Cuff ET tube

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4
Q

This ET tube is recommended for children less than 8 years old to prevent narrowing of trachea.

A

Uncuff RT tube

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5
Q

Average distance of the teeth to the carina of the ET tube

A
  • 27 cm in MALE

- 25 cm for FEMALE

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6
Q

The tip of ET tube should rest what cm above the carina?

A

2 - 4 cm above carina

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7
Q

It protects your patient from aspiration and provide help in giving your patient a positive airway pressure.

A

ET cuff

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8
Q

The cuff can be monitored by using what type of instrument? connected to pilot balloon

A

Manometer

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9
Q

Normal cuff pressure

A

25 - 35 cmH2O

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10
Q

Indications of inserting ET tube:

A
  1. Relief upper AW obstruction
  2. Protect patient airway
    (1) Pharyngeal reflex: gag and swallowing
    (2) Laryngeal reflex: laryngospasm
    (3) Tracheal reflex: coughing when trachea is
    irritated
    (4) Carinal reflex: coughing when carina is irritated
  3. Facilitation of tracheal suctioning
  4. Assistance in manual ventilation or mech vent.
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11
Q

This reflex is responsible for preventing us from chocking

A

gag reflex

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12
Q

This reflexes preventing material in entering in upper airway

A

Laryngeal reflex

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13
Q

This reflex work when your trachea is irritated

A

Tracheal reflex

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14
Q

Hazards of ET tube:

A
  1. loss the ability to talk
  2. loss patient ability to eat using mouth
  3. tube occlusion with inspissated secretions
  4. damage vocal cord
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15
Q

Complications of ET tube:

A
  1. poorly tolerated by conscious and semi-patient
  2. gagging caused by tube irritation
  3. harder to patient to communicate
  4. patient may bite the tube that may cause occluding airflow
  5. erodes, corner of patient mouth
  6. stimulates oral secretion
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16
Q

Physician used this in inserting ET tube or shape the ET tube to make it easier to be installed

A

stylet

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17
Q

It is a surgical opening in the neck and trachea that provides access for the insertion of an artificial airway known as a tracheostomy tube

A

Tracheostomy

18
Q

It is a hole in the trachea without the tube in place

A

Stoma (2nd or 3rd tracheal ring)

19
Q

It is an artificial airway that bypasses upper airway, and is inserted directly into the trachea via stoma

A

Tracheostomy tube

20
Q

Indications of Tracheostomy

A
  1. the patient will require mechanical ventilation for more than one or two weeks.
  2. the patient can’t manage their own secretions and require frequent tracheal suctioning
  3. the patient has a difficult airway or sudden trauma/swelling in their upper airway and attempts to intubate via the endotracheal have failed
21
Q

Risk and complications of tracheostomy

A
  1. obstruction to the tracheostomy tube from secretions or blood clots that prevent ventilation
  2. infection
  3. accidental decannulation of the tracheostomy tube
22
Q

This type of Tracheostomy tube is developed for patients require positive pressure ventilator and airway protection.

A

Cuffed tracheostomy tube

23
Q

This type of tracheostomy is used when the patient no longer needs positive pressure ventilation and has no significant aspiration risk. The tube is still for access to chest secretions for bypass an upper airway obstruction.

  • often used in neonatal patient, or for patient who doesn’t need mech vent and can manage their secretion effectively
A

Uncuffed tracheostomy tube

24
Q

What will happen if the pressure is high, or exceeds 20 - 30 cmH2O

A

It causes tracheal stenosis or damaged the airway

25
Q

What will happen if the pressure is low, or exceeds < 20 - 30 cmH2O

A
  • Reduce the effectiveness of the delivery of positive pressure ventilation.
  • patient airway is NOT FULLY PROTECTED against aspiration of secretion
26
Q

it is a special type of tracheostomy tube that has an opening above the cuff which allows the airflow to pass so that a patients able to talk with the airway in place

  • allowing patient to talk
A

Fenestrated Tracheostomy tube

27
Q

It can help restore airway patency and maintain adequate ventilation, in particular, when using a bag-mask device

A

Pharyngeal airways

28
Q

This type of phrayngeal airway known as nasal horn or nasal trumpet

  • it is inserted through one of the nares and past the turbinates
A

Nasopharyngeal airway

29
Q

ADVANTAGES of using Nasopharyngeal airway:

A
  1. can be used for the SEMI-CONSCIOUS VICTIM
  2. can be used in situations where the victim has extensive injury to the mouth & lower jaw
  3. can be used in the patient with INTACT GAG REFLEX
  4. DOES NOT REQUIRE HYPEREXTENSION of neck during insertion
  5. patient’s WITH SEIZURE
30
Q

DISADVANTAGES of nasopharyngeal airway:

A
  1. sever nasal bleeding
  2. irritation of nares
  3. Suspected basilar skull fractures
  4. trauma to nose
  5. resistance is met when attempting to advance the device
31
Q

this type of pharyngeal airway is indicated for the conscious and non-responsive patient and has difficulty maintaining a paten upper airway

A

Oropharyngeal airway

32
Q

Two common oropharyngeal airway designs:

A
  1. GUEDEL AIRWAY

2. BERMAN AIRWAY

33
Q

Type of oropharyngeal airway that has 2 horizontal place connected

A

berman airway

34
Q

Type of oropharyngeal airway that is designed with one smooth channel through the center

A

Guedel airway

35
Q

ADVANTAGES of oropharyngeal airway

A
  1. prevent airway obstruction by the tongue
  2. to be used as a bite block
  3. to increase the effectiveness of bag/mask ventilation
36
Q

Contraindication of oropharyngeal airway

A
  1. a conscious patient with a gag reflex
37
Q

it is a type of airway device with a small, triangular-shaped inflatable mask that is secured to a tube, similar in size to an ETT

A

Laryngeal mask airway

38
Q

Purpose of laryngeal mask airway:

A

To prevent gastric aspiration while providing a patient airway

39
Q

ADVANTAGES of Laryngeal mask airway

A
  1. Can be quickly inserted to provide ventilation when bag-mask ventilation is not adequate and ET intubation cannot be accomplished
  2. The LMA ventilates equally as well as an Et tube
  3. training is simpler than for ET intubation
  4. there is no risk of esophageal or bronchial intubation
  5. there is less risk of trauma to the airway than with ET intubation.
40
Q

Contraindications of LMA

A
  1. patient is conscious or resists placement of LMA
  2. patient is known to have or might have food in stomach
  3. patient has GERD
41
Q

This type of airway device is a twin lumen device airway that is inserted blindly into the oropharynx and advanced into the esophagus or trachea

  • feature similar to ETT
A

Combitube airway

FRT-2 (3 decks)

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