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Anesthesia > Airway > Flashcards

Airway Flashcards

0
Q

The nasal passageway consists of the _______, _______, & _________.

A

Septum
Turbinates
Adenoids

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1
Q

The ____________ humidifies, filters,and warms air. It consists of the _________ and _________ cavities.

A

Upper Airway

Nasal an oral cavities

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2
Q

The oral cavity consists of the teeth, tongue, and ______ & ______.

A

Hard and soft palate

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3
Q

The Pharynx runs from the ___________ to the _____________.

A

Nose

Cricoid cartilage

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4
Q

The nasopharynx separates at the _____________.

A

soft palate

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5
Q

The ___________ contains the tonsils, uvula, and epiglottis.

A

Oropharnyx

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6
Q

The larnyx is at the level of ____ - _____ in adults. It houses four structures the _______, _______, _______, and the _______ .

A

C3 - C6

thyroid, Cricoid, Arytenoids, epiglottis

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7
Q

The vocal cords attach at the __________ posteriorly and the ________ anteriorly.

A

Arytenoids

Thyroid

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8
Q

The ________is the space between the vocal cords. This is the _________ portion of the adult airway.

A

Glottic fissure

Narrowest

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9
Q

There are ____ total laryngeal cartilages, ____ paired and ____ unpaired.

A

9
3
3

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10
Q

The Paired laryngeal cartilages are the ___________, ____________, & _____________ cartilages.

A

Arytenoids,
Corniculates,
Cuneiform

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11
Q

The unpaired laryngeal cartilages are the _______, ________, and the ___________. Out of those, the largest and most prominent is the ___________ and the ________ covers the opening to larynx during swallowing.

A 
Epiglottis
Thyroid
Cricoid
THyroid
Epiglottis
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12
Q

The __________ is a cartilaginous signet shaped ring. It is inferior to the __________ cartilage.

A

Cricoid

Thyroid

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13
Q

The __________ is the narrowest point of the pediatric airway.

A

Cricoid

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14
Q

The ________ laryngeal muscles control changes in length and tension on the Vocal Cords. They are all innervated by the ____________ nerve which is a branch of the _______ nerve EXCEPT for the _________ muscle.

A

Intrinsic
Recurrent Laryngeal
VAGUS
cricothyroid Muscle

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15
Q

The cricothyroid muscle is innervated by the _______________ nerve. It ______________ the vocal cords.

A

External branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve

Elongates

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16
Q

The Posterior Cricoarytenoids do what to the Vocal cords?

A

ABduct

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17
Q

The Lateral Cricoarytenoids and arytenoids ____________ the vocal cords.

A

ADduct

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18
Q

The ____________ muscle is an intrinsic muscle that shortens the VC.

A

Vocalis

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19
Q

The ___________ intrinsic muscle shortens and relaxes the VC

A

Thyroartenoids

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20
Q

The sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and omohyoid moves the ________ bone caudad

A

hyoid

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21
Q

The Sternothyroid moves the thyroid cartilage _______

A

caudad

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22
Q

The trachea is ___ - ____ cm in length and ____ mm in diameter in the adult. It contains ____- _____ U shaped cartilages and bifurcates at the lower border of the _____ carina.

A

10 - 20
22
16-20
T4

23
Q

The ________ divides into Right and Left mainstem bronchi.
The angle of the Right bronchus is _____cm long at ____ degrees and the angle of the Left bronchus is ______ cm long at ____ degrees.

A 
Carina
2.5
25
5
45
24
Q

Mallampati’s hypothesis looks at ______ size compared the the pt’s __________. With class 1 you will see the ______, ______ pillars, and the _______ palate

A 
tongue
larnyx
uvula
faucil
soft
25
Q

The ___________ distance is a marker for difficult intubation. It is the distance b/t the lower border of the ________ to ________ notch with the neck fully extended. Normal distance is ______ finger-breadths (6-6.5cm) and difficult intubation is

A 
Thyromental 
mandible
thyroid
4
3
26
Q

The __________ position aligns the 3 axis for optimal intubating positioning. The 3 axis are the ______, _____, and ______ axises.

A

Sniffing

oral, laryngeal, pharyngeal

27
Q

___________ is of utmost importance for successful intubation.

A

Positioning

28
Q

The optimal preoxygenation for a pt is ___- ___ minutes of tight mask fit, _______ tidal volumes breathing on 100% oxygen (

A

3-5
normal
5
10

29
Q

In a RSI situation, _____vital capacity breaths in _____ seconds will allow a health patient to tolerate up to ____ minutes of apnea.

A

4
30
5

30
Q

In an obstructed airway, the tongue and the _______ fall back to the posterior pharyngeal wall.

A

epiglottis

31
Q

The two types of oral airways are the ________ and ________. Complications from an oral airway include: __________, bleeding, and soft tissue damage.

A

Berman (BOA) and Guedel

laryngospasm

32
Q

The ________ oral airway is measured 80, 90, 100 and the _______ is measured # 3,4,5.

A

Berman BOA

Guedel

33
Q

The nasal airway provides passage from the ______ –> ______ beneath a relaxed and obstructing tongue. You measure between the nares to the _________, the typical sizes are ________
24- 36

A

Nose to pharynx

meatus of ear

34
Q

The ______ laryngoscope sizes are 1-4 and the ______ are 0-4.

A

MAC

Miller

35
Q

The female ETT size diameter should be between ____ -____ and will want to be about ____ cm deep.

A

6.5 - 7.0

21

36
Q

The Male ETT size should be about ____ - ____ in diameter and be ____cm deep.

A

7.5- 8.0

23

37
Q

The desirable location for the ETT placement is ___ cm above the carina and ___cm below the VC.

A

4

2

38
Q

Sensory airway innervation is made up of the ____________, _________, and___________ nerves

A

Glossopharyngeal
Internal Superior Laryngeal
Recurrent Laryngeal

39
Q

Motor innervation for the airway comes from the __________ and ________ nerves.

A

External Superior Laryngeal

Recurrent Laryngeal

40
Q

For an airway block, we want to block the _______, _________, & ______ nerves.

A

Trigeminal
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus ( the 2 branches)

41
Q

The ____________ nerve innervates the _______ part of the tongue.

A

Glossopharyngeal

back 1/3

42
Q

The main reason we use an airway block is for ____________

A

awake intubation

43
Q

The transtracheal block blocks the ________________. It will result in anesthesia of ____________.

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

Trachea below the Vocal Cords

44
Q

For the Transtracheal block, inject into the ______________. You should inject _________ with a 23/24g needle.

A

Cricothyroid Membrane

midline

45
Q

T/F: With the transtracheal block, you want to see air bubbles while aspirating

A

True!

46
Q

The Superior Laryngeal block will block the ________________ branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. This will anesthetize the ______________ region.

A

Internal (sensory)

Supraglottic

47
Q

For the Superior Laryngeal nerve, hit the ___________ with your needle and inject into the _______________ membrane.

A

Hyoid

Thyrohyoid

48
Q

The Superior laryngeal block and the glossopharyngeal nerve block are both ________________ blocks.

A

bilateral.

49
Q

The glossopharyngeal nerve blocks the ______________ branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Inject into the _________________ arch using a 25g spinal needle.

A

Lingual

Palatoglossal arch

50
Q

The 3 airway blocks are used together for ___________________.

A

awake intubations

51
Q

T/F: The Cricothyrotomy is only used in an emergency

A

F: used electively too when you have limited access to trachea during surgery

52
Q

Contraindications to a cricothyrotomy include age <_____ or ____________ fractures

A

12

laryngeal

53
Q

If you do not have a cricothyrotomy kit, use a ____g IV needle.

A

14

54
Q

Attach the cricothyrotomy needle to __________ once you confirm tracheal positioning.

A

Jet ventilator/ High pressure Ventilation system

55
Q

The 3 complications to cricothyrotomy include: ______________, _____________, _________________.

A

hemorrage, subcutaneous emphysema, esophageal perforation

Anesthesia (3 decks)

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