Airway

Question 0

The nasal passageway consists of the _______, _______, & _________.

Answer 0

Septum
Turbinates
Adenoids

Question 1

The ____________ humidifies, filters,and warms air. It consists of the _________ and _________ cavities.

Answer 1

Upper Airway

Nasal an oral cavities

Question 2

The oral cavity consists of the teeth, tongue, and ______ & ______.

Answer 2

Hard and soft palate

Question 3

The Pharynx runs from the ___________ to the _____________.

Answer 3

Nose

Cricoid cartilage

Question 4

The nasopharynx separates at the _____________.

Answer 4

soft palate

Question 5

The ___________ contains the tonsils, uvula, and epiglottis.

Answer 5

Oropharnyx

Question 6

The larnyx is at the level of ____ - _____ in adults. It houses four structures the _______, _______, _______, and the _______ .

Answer 6

C3 - C6

thyroid, Cricoid, Arytenoids, epiglottis

Question 7

The vocal cords attach at the __________ posteriorly and the ________ anteriorly.

Answer 7

Arytenoids

Thyroid

Question 8

The ________is the space between the vocal cords. This is the _________ portion of the adult airway.

Answer 8

Glottic fissure

Narrowest

Question 9

There are ____ total laryngeal cartilages, ____ paired and ____ unpaired.

Answer 9

9
3
3

Question 10

The Paired laryngeal cartilages are the ___________, ____________, & _____________ cartilages.

Answer 10

Arytenoids,
Corniculates,
Cuneiform

Question 11

The unpaired laryngeal cartilages are the _______, ________, and the ___________. Out of those, the largest and most prominent is the ___________ and the ________ covers the opening to larynx during swallowing.

Answer 11

Epiglottis
Thyroid
Cricoid
THyroid
Epiglottis

Question 12

The __________ is a cartilaginous signet shaped ring. It is inferior to the __________ cartilage.

Answer 12

Cricoid

Thyroid

Question 13

The __________ is the narrowest point of the pediatric airway.

Answer 13

Cricoid

Question 14

The ________ laryngeal muscles control changes in length and tension on the Vocal Cords. They are all innervated by the ____________ nerve which is a branch of the _______ nerve EXCEPT for the _________ muscle.

Answer 14

Intrinsic
Recurrent Laryngeal
VAGUS
cricothyroid Muscle

Question 15

The cricothyroid muscle is innervated by the _______________ nerve. It ______________ the vocal cords.

Answer 15

External branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve

Elongates

Question 16

The Posterior Cricoarytenoids do what to the Vocal cords?

Answer 16

ABduct

Question 17

The Lateral Cricoarytenoids and arytenoids ____________ the vocal cords.

Answer 17

ADduct

Question 18

The ____________ muscle is an intrinsic muscle that shortens the VC.

Answer 18

Vocalis

Question 19

The ___________ intrinsic muscle shortens and relaxes the VC

Answer 19

Thyroartenoids

Question 20

The sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and omohyoid moves the ________ bone caudad

Answer 20

hyoid

Question 21

The Sternothyroid moves the thyroid cartilage _______

Answer 21

caudad

Question 22

The trachea is ___ - ____ cm in length and ____ mm in diameter in the adult. It contains ____- _____ U shaped cartilages and bifurcates at the lower border of the _____ carina.

Answer 22

10 - 20
22
16-20
T4

Question 23

The ________ divides into Right and Left mainstem bronchi.
The angle of the Right bronchus is _____cm long at ____ degrees and the angle of the Left bronchus is ______ cm long at ____ degrees.

Answer 23

Carina
2.5
25
5
45

Question 24

Mallampati's hypothesis looks at ______ size compared the the pt's __________. With class 1 you will see the ______, ______ pillars, and the _______ palate

Answer 24

``` tongue larnyx uvula faucil soft ```

Question 25

The ___________ distance is a marker for difficult intubation. It is the distance b/t the lower border of the ________ to ________ notch with the neck fully extended. Normal distance is ______ finger-breadths (6-6.5cm) and difficult intubation is

Answer 25

``` Thyromental mandible thyroid 4 3 ```

Question 26

The __________ position aligns the 3 axis for optimal intubating positioning. The 3 axis are the ______, _____, and ______ axises.

Answer 26

Sniffing | oral, laryngeal, pharyngeal

Question 27

___________ is of utmost importance for successful intubation.

Answer 27

Positioning

Question 28

The optimal preoxygenation for a pt is ___- ___ minutes of tight mask fit, _______ tidal volumes breathing on 100% oxygen (

Answer 28

3-5 normal 5 10

Question 29

In a RSI situation, _____vital capacity breaths in _____ seconds will allow a health patient to tolerate up to ____ minutes of apnea.

Answer 29

4 30 5

Question 30

In an obstructed airway, the tongue and the _______ fall back to the posterior pharyngeal wall.

Answer 30

epiglottis

Question 31

The two types of oral airways are the ________ and ________. Complications from an oral airway include: __________, bleeding, and soft tissue damage.

Answer 31

Berman (BOA) and Guedel | laryngospasm

Question 32

The ________ oral airway is measured 80, 90, 100 and the _______ is measured # 3,4,5.

Answer 32

Berman BOA | Guedel

Question 33

The nasal airway provides passage from the ______ --> ______ beneath a relaxed and obstructing tongue. You measure between the nares to the _________, the typical sizes are ________ 24- 36

Answer 33

Nose to pharynx | meatus of ear

Question 34

The ______ laryngoscope sizes are 1-4 and the ______ are 0-4.

Answer 34

MAC | Miller

Question 35

The female ETT size diameter should be between ____ -____ and will want to be about ____ cm deep.

Answer 35

6.5 - 7.0 | 21

Question 36

The Male ETT size should be about ____ - ____ in diameter and be ____cm deep.

Answer 36

7.5- 8.0 | 23

Question 37

The desirable location for the ETT placement is ___ cm above the carina and ___cm below the VC.

Answer 37

4 | 2

Question 38

Sensory airway innervation is made up of the ____________, _________, and___________ nerves

Answer 38

Glossopharyngeal Internal Superior Laryngeal Recurrent Laryngeal

Question 39

Motor innervation for the airway comes from the __________ and ________ nerves.

Answer 39

External Superior Laryngeal | Recurrent Laryngeal

Question 40

For an airway block, we want to block the _______, _________, & ______ nerves.

Answer 40

Trigeminal Glossopharyngeal Vagus ( the 2 branches)

Question 41

The ____________ nerve innervates the _______ part of the tongue.

Answer 41

Glossopharyngeal | back 1/3

Question 42

The main reason we use an airway block is for ____________

Answer 42

awake intubation

Question 43

The transtracheal block blocks the ________________. It will result in anesthesia of ____________.

Answer 43

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve | Trachea below the Vocal Cords

Question 44

For the Transtracheal block, inject into the ______________. You should inject _________ with a 23/24g needle.

Answer 44

Cricothyroid Membrane | midline

Question 45

T/F: With the transtracheal block, you want to see air bubbles while aspirating

Answer 45

True!

Question 46

The Superior Laryngeal block will block the ________________ branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. This will anesthetize the ______________ region.

Answer 46

Internal (sensory) | Supraglottic

Question 47

For the Superior Laryngeal nerve, hit the ___________ with your needle and inject into the _______________ membrane.

Answer 47

Hyoid | Thyrohyoid

Question 48

The Superior laryngeal block and the glossopharyngeal nerve block are both ________________ blocks.

Answer 48

bilateral.

Question 49

The glossopharyngeal nerve blocks the ______________ branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Inject into the _________________ arch using a 25g spinal needle.

Answer 49

Lingual | Palatoglossal arch

Question 50

The 3 airway blocks are used together for ___________________.

Answer 50

awake intubations

Question 51

T/F: The Cricothyrotomy is only used in an emergency

Answer 51

F: used electively too when you have limited access to trachea during surgery

Question 52

Contraindications to a cricothyrotomy include age <_____ or ____________ fractures

Answer 52

12 | laryngeal

Question 53

If you do not have a cricothyrotomy kit, use a ____g IV needle.

Answer 53

14

Question 54

Attach the cricothyrotomy needle to __________ once you confirm tracheal positioning.

Answer 54

Jet ventilator/ High pressure Ventilation system

Question 55

The 3 complications to cricothyrotomy include: ______________, _____________, _________________.

Answer 55

hemorrage, subcutaneous emphysema, esophageal perforation