AIRSPEEDS & EMERGENCIES Flashcards
Best Rate (VY) Best Angle (Vx) Cruise climb (Vcc)
VY 85 kts
VX 71 kt
VCC 100 kt
Landing gear operation (VLO)
Extension
Retraction
Ex 140
Re 112
Flap ex (20) Maximum flap ex (35 VFE)
120 kts
110 kts
Single engine Min control speed (VMCA) Single engine best angle (VXSE) Single engine best rate (VYSE) Single engine manoeuvring speed to final Single engine final (flap down0
VMCA 65 VXSE 85 VYSE 85 SE man to final 90 Single flap down 85
VSSE/vr Stall clean stall with flap (30) Never exceed speed (vne) manoeuvring speed @MTOW Emergency descent
VSSE 71 stall 70 kts stall (30) 60 VNE 194 VA 132 emergency descent 140
VNO VG Glide range Max TW MAX XW
von 154 vg 95 95 tw 5 max xw 25
FULL THROTTLE T/O
Cruise
25”/25”
23”/23” 145 kts
How do you determine if there is an inoperative engine
Dead foot- dead engine rudder pressure required to maintain directional control will be on the side of the operative engine
Throttle
partially retard the throttle for the engine that is believed to be inoperative, there should be no change in control pressure or in the sound of the engine if the correct throttle has been selected
low altitude and airspeed. this check must be done with extreme caution
One engine inoperative procedure
Engine failure during ground roll
- Throttle - idle
- Braking -maximum
- fuel selectors-off
- battery, alternator and magneto start switches - off
Engine failure after lift off and in flight
Immediate landing : higher take off weights will result in a loss of altitude while retracting the landing gear and feathering the prop
continues flight requires immediate pilot response
1. landing gear - UP
2. throttle to (inoperative engine) IDLE
3.propeller (inoperative) -FEATHER
4.Power (operative engine)-as required
4. airspeed - at or above the 50ft take off speed (80kts)
After positive control of the airplane is establishes
6. secure inoperative engine
a. mixture control - idle cut off
b. fuel selector - off
c.aux fuel pump-off
d. magneto/start switch - off
e.alternator switch - off
f. cowl flap - close
7.airspeed -85kts
8.electrical load - monitor (maximum load of 100% on remaining engine)
Most important is to maintain directional and lateral control.
if airspeed is below 65 kts reduce power on operative engine a required to maintain control
Total fuel total useable Burn per hour plan asymmetric Fuel grade oil quantity oil type
Total fuel 391 litres useable 380 lites fuel burn 80/hr at 50 rich of peak asymmetric: 45 litres hour/ 90 kts fuel grade : 100LL min grade aviation fuel oil total 9 quarts normal : 6-8 quarts mobile aero 100 sae 50
Electric system
28 volt AC current electrical system and a 24. volt battery driven by two 55 amp alternators
MTOW MLW MRW MZFW BEW MUL MBG
MTOW 1769 MLW 1769 MRW 1776 MZFW 1590 BEW 1259.8 MUL 524 MBG 90
AIR START emergency procedure
- pilot should determine the reason for engine failure before attempting an air start
with unfeathering accumulators - fuel selector - on
- throttle - set approx 1/4 travel
- Aux fuel pump - on
- magneto/ start switch -both
- Propeller control - move full forward until engine windmills, then back to midrange use starter momentarily if airspeed is below 100kts
-if propeller prop does not unfeather or engine does not turn proceed to without unfeathering accumulators procedure
6.mixture- full rich
7 if engine fails to run, clear engine by allowing it to windmill with mixture in the full lean position. When engine fires, advance mixture to full rich - Engine starts - adjust throttle propeller and mixture controls
- AUX FUEL PUMP - off (when reliable power has been regained).
10 Alternator switch - on - oil pressure and oil temp - check
- warm up engine (approximately 2000 rpm and 15 in HG)
- set power as required and trim
Engine fire (ground)
- Mixture controls - idle cut off
- Continue to crank affected engine
- Fuel selectors- off
- Battery and alternator switches- off
- Extinguish fire with extinguisher
engine fire in flight
shut down the engine affected according to the following Follow applicable single engine procedure in this section 1. Fuel selector - off 2.mixture control - idle cut off 3.propeller - feather 4.aux fuel pump- off 5.mags / start switch - off 6.alternator switch - off
Emergency descent
- propellers 2700 rpm
- throttle - idle
- airspeed - 140kts
- landing gear - down
Maximum glide configuration
- propellers - feather
- wing flap - up
- landing gear - up
- airspeed - 95 kts
glide ratio in this configuration is approx 2 nm of gliding distance for each 1000 ft of altitude above terrain
Landing gear emergencies
Gear up landing choose firm sod or foamed runway 1. cowl flaps close 2. wing flaps - full down 3. throttles - idle 4. mixture controls - idle cut off 5. battery, altnernator and magneto/ start swtiches - off 6. fuel selectors- off 7. keep wings level during lock down 8 get clear of the airplane as soon as possible after stops
Landing emergencies - one engine inoperative landing
On final approach and when it is certain that the field can be reached
1. landing gear - down
2. airspeed - 85kts
3 power - as required
when it is certain there is no possibility of go around
4. wing flaps - full down
5.execute normal landing
Landing emergencies - one engine go around
on finial approach and when it is certain that the field can be reached
- landing gear-down
- airspeed - 85. kts
- power as required
when it is certain there is no possibility of go around - wing flaps - full down
5 execute normal landing
landing emergencies - one engine inoperative go around
- power - max allowable
- landing gear - up
- wing flaps - up
- airspeed - maintain 85 kt minimum
Systems emergencies
operation on cross feed
left engine inoperative
- right aux fuel pump - on
- left fuel selector - off
- right fuel selector - cross feed
- right aux fuel pump-on or off as required
right engine inoperative
- left aux fuel pump - ON
- Right fuel selector - OFF
- Left fuel selector - cross feed
- Left aux fuel pump on or off as required
Electrical smoke or fire
action to be taken must consider exisiting conditions and equipment installed
1. battery. and alternator switches off
electrically driven instruments and stall warning horn will become inoperative
2. all electrical switches - off
3. battery. and alternator switches - on
4. essential electrical equipment - on (isolate defective equipment )
ensure fire is out and will be aggravated by draft.
Turn off cabin heat switch and push in the cabin air control . To aid in smoke evacuation, open pilots storm window if required
Landing gear manual extension
reduce airspeed
1. landing gear motor circuit breaker- off (pull out)
2. landing gear switch handle - down position
3. airspeed 100kts maximum
4. emergency extension valve - open
5. if electrical system Is inoperative check landing gear position light and warning horn and circuit breaker
Landing gear retraction after practice manual extension
1. emergency extension. valve - close (use emergency extension wrench - turn clockwise)
2. landing gear motor circuit breaker - on (push in )
3. landing gear switch handle - up
