Aircraft Flashcards
types
smallest boeing
737-700
fleet of 3 cargo operation only
737-700 (freighter)
wifi, recaro seats, seatback power
737-800s
longer than 800s
737-900/900ER
Newest addition to fleet, quiet, high fuel efficiency
737-9MAX
Bulk of Alaska Fleet
737 aircraft
one of most popular used worldwide
Airbus A320 Series
Largest and newest addition to airbus, high fuel efficiency and longest range
Airbus A321 NEO
76 seat turbo-propellar aircraft efficient and shorter stage lengths- sometimes free booze
bombardier q400-operated by regional horizon
76 sear regional jet similar to 737 amenities
Embraer E175 operated by regional horizon
parts of the aircraft that allow the pilots to maneuver and control the aircraft during the flight
control surfaces
What are the control surfaces
Rudder, Elevators, Ailerons
What are the 4 forces that act on an airplane for flight that typically are in equilibrium
thrust, drag, lift, gravity
engines push aircraft forward
thrust
the act of the aircraft flying through dense air, pulls the aircraft backward
drag
all the weight of the aircraft and what it carries, pulls the aircraft downward
gravity
the wings push the aircraft upward
lift
An airplane needs to have its weight distributed evenly to stay balanced and fly efficiently->stability
center of gravity
Lift, low pressure over wing, high pressure below wing
Airplane wings are shaped to make air move faster over the top of the wing. When air moves faster, the pressure of the air decreases. So the pressure on the top of the wing is less than the pressure on the bottom of the wing.
Wing shapes
- early straight (stable in slow flight-biplane)
- Super sonic jet swept wing(higher speeds and maneuverability-concorde jet)
- Airliner moderately swept wing design (blend of straight and swept for both stability and speed- 737 series)
winglet types
split-scimitar-boeing- top and bottom winglets swept back to a point
Sharklets-airbus
how are winglets aerodynamic?
reduce the air vortices at tips of wing to burn less fuel and fly more efficiently, reducing drag
what are wing vortices
As a wing slices through the air, the tips of the wings create vortices that increase drag, decrease lift, and reduce fuel efficiency… this is why winglets are important
How aircraft engines provide thrust
aircraft engines use turbofan jet engine to compress air from front (intake fan) and shoot it out the back, moving air over the wings to create lift
engines create these 4 things
-massive thrust, hydraulic pressure, electricity, air conditioning.
what are the components of a turbo-fan jet engine (6)
fan, compressor, combustion chamber, exhaust, turbine, bypass
why to inform captain of icing
Icing decreases lift and increases drag by disturbing the air that is flowing around the aircraft. It also increases the overall aircraft weight, which means the aircraft must increase thrust to maintain control.
*Icing on aircraft wings can severely disrupt the air flow, reduce lift, and introduce a hazard to the flight
factors that can change one’s exposure to cosmic radiation
duration of flight (longer = more)
altitude(higher=more)
latitude(farther from=more)
characteristics of cosmic radiation
- Most radiation dissipates before reaching the earth’s surface.
- Occurs when charged particles from space come in contact with earth.
- It is filtered by the layers of earth’s atmosphere.
Winds flowing in the same direction an aircraft is flying
Tail winds that reduce flight time
Winds flowing in the opposite direction the aircraft is flying
Head winds, causes more fuel burn and longer flight
Flight number and airline code alaska and horizon
AS 1-1999 9000-9999
Qx 2000-2999
