Air law test

Question 1

Student pilot permit

Answer 1

-PSTAR exam
-ROC-A
-14 years
-ALPT

Question 2

Recreational

Answer 2

-daytime
-one passenger
-only valid in Canada
-cat 4
-25 hours total
15 dual (2 x-c)
5 solo
-16 years

Question 3

PPL

Answer 3

-add night
-multiple passengers
-all ICAO countries
-cat 3
-45 hours total
17 dual (3 x-c, 5 instrument)
12 solo (5 x-c)
-17 years

Question 4

Recency

Answer 4

-24 months
-attend TC safety seminar
-recurrent training program
-complete training program
-meet requirements for issue or renewal of licence
-complete written exams for licence
-flight review
-self paced study course

Question 5

5 year recency

Answer 5

-act as PIC once or;
-Write PSTAR and complete flight review and have log book certified

Question 6

Currency

Answer 6

-6 month
-5 take off and landings to carry passengers
-same at night

Question 7

Personal logs

Answer 7

-data
-aircraft type and registration
-flight crew position
-place of departure and arrival
-intermediate take offs and landings
-flight time and conditions
-must be certified

Question 8

Safely approaching aircraft

Answer 8

-avoid prop
-check for chocks
-check mags off
-check master switch off

Question 9

Safely leaving aircraft

Answer 9

-mags and master switch off and keys out
-wheel chocks in
-gust lock
-tie down wings if windy

Question 10

Safety briefing

Answer 10

-emergency exits
-seat belt
-first aid and fire extinguisher
-what to do in emergency

Question 11

Sms

Answer 11

-report
-analyze
-correct
-evaluate
-document

Question 12

4 forces

Answer 12

-thrust
-drag
-lift
-weight

Question 13

How lift is created

Answer 13

-Bernoulli theorem
Total energy in system is constant
-airflow deflected off bottom of wing

Question 14

Wing

Answer 14

-upwash
-leading edge
-trailing edge
-downwash

Question 15

Factors affecting lift

Answer 15

-angle of attack
-velocity of airfoil
-density of air
-wing area
-shape of airfoil

Question 16

Coefficient of lift

Answer 16

-relative measure of airfoils lifting capabilities
-higher camber will have greater CL
-Cl increases to critical angle of attack the decreases rapidly in stall

Question 17

Drag

Answer 17

-total aircraft drag= induced drag + parasite drag
-parasite drag =interference drag +profile drag

Question 18

Reducing parasite drag

Answer 18

-streamlining
-retractable undercarriage
-clean aircraft
-wax
-flush rivets
-landing gear fairings
-streamlined design

Question 19

Induced drag

Answer 19

-lower surface airflow outwards
-upper surface airflow inwards

Question 20

Wingtip vortices

Answer 20

-clockwise on left
-counter clockwise on right
-greatest at low airspeeds, clean configuration, heavy

Question 21

Reducing induced drag

Answer 21

-aspect ratio = span/average chord
-winglets
-ground effects

Question 22

Airfoil design

Answer 22

-conventional
Thickest 25% chord from leading edge
-laminar
Thickest 50% chord
Symmetrical
High speed aircraft

Question 23

Airfoil terms and design

Answer 23

-platform
Shape of wing from above
-angle of incidence
Angle wing is fixed on longitudinal axis
-washout
Twist in wing at root
-stall strips
On leading edge near root
-wing fences
Prevent airflow across wing
-spoilers
Spanwise on top of airfoil to increase drag reducing lift
-speed breaks
Increase drag without reducing lift
-vortex generators
Vertical plates to re-energize boundary layer

Question 24

Slots vs slats

Answer 24

-slots
Lift device on leading edge to re-energize boundary layer
-slats
Retractable leading edge slots

Question 25

Flaps

Answer 25

-increase max CL of wing
-advantages
Steep approach angles
Better visibility over nose
Improved take off performance
Slower landing speeds
-disadvantages
Full flaps in high winds increases weather vane effect
Weaken aircraft if at too high airspeed

Question 26

Flap design

Answer 26

-plain flap
Simple flap design to increase camber
-split flap
Low pressure area between wing and flap
-fowler flap
Combines camber change with increase in wing area and slot
-zap flap
Increases wing area without slot
-double slotted flap
Combines camber changes and slots

Question 27

Trim tabs

Answer 27

Adjustable or fixed surfaces on trailing edge to relieve pilot workload

Question 28

Stabilator

Answer 28

Works as both horizontal stabilizer and elevator

Question 29

Servo/anti-servo tabs

Answer 29

-servo
Tab on trialing edge of control surface moves opposite
Eases force required by pilot to move surface
-anti servo
Moves in same direction
Increases force required

Question 30

Aileron drag

Answer 30

-when rolling
-down going aileron increases lift and drag
-up going decreases lift and drag
-causes adverse yaw

Question 31

Solutions to aileron drag

Answer 31

-fries ailerons
Upgoing creates parasite drag
-differential ailerons
Upgoing at greater angle parasite drag

Question 32

Balanced controls

Answer 32

-aerodynamic balance
Extending part of control surface in opposing airflow
-mass balance
Place a weight in front of control surface hinge

Question 33

Stability

Answer 33

-static stability
Initial tendency to return
-dynamic stability
Overall tendency to return

Question 34

C of G position

Answer 34

-forward
Positive static stability
Tail down force required
Weight increase, stall speed increase, TAS decrease
-less forward
Less positive static stability
Decrease in weight
Stall speed decrease
Range increase
-aft
No tail down force
Neutral static
Unrecoverable from stall or spin

Question 35

Lateral stability

Answer 35

-dihedral
Angle wing makes with horizon
Aircraft will roll back to level
-keel effect
High wing aircraft
Weight below wing and acts as pendulum to correct stability
-sweepback
Wing drop to create side slip

Question 36

Directional stability

Answer 36

-vertical stabilizer
Greater surface area after c of g
-sweepback
Area on upward wing creates more drag causing aircraft to go straight

Question 37

Causes of undesired yaw

Answer 37

-adverse yaw
-prop torque
-asymmetric thrust
-Gyroscopic procession
-slipstream

Question 38

Climbing definitions

Answer 38

-service ceiling
Highest altitude where aircraft can maintain 100 rpm rate of climb
-absolute ceiling
Altitude where aircraft can no longer climb

Question 39

Load factor

Answer 39

Load acting on wing/weight of aircraft

Question 40

Rate and radius

Answer 40

-greater airspeed; greater radius, lower rate
-greater bank; smaller radius, greater rate

Question 41

Stall

Answer 41

-laminar flow
Smooth airflow lift
-turbulent flow
Rough airflow no lift
-transition point
Where airflow changes
-will stall at same IAS

Question 42

Stall in turns

Answer 42

-climbing
Outer wing stall first
-descending
Inner wing stall first

Question 43

Gust

Answer 43

Rapid and irregular fluctuations of varying intensity upward and downward

Question 44

Maneuvering speed

Answer 44

(Va)
Max speed where full control deflection will now cause damage to aircraft