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Avia 101 > Air law test > Flashcards

Air law test Flashcards

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1
Q

Student pilot permit

A

-PSTAR exam
-ROC-A
-14 years
-ALPT

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2
Q

Recreational

A

-daytime
-one passenger
-only valid in Canada
-cat 4
-25 hours total
15 dual (2 x-c)
5 solo
-16 years

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3
Q

PPL

A

-add night
-multiple passengers
-all ICAO countries
-cat 3
-45 hours total
17 dual (3 x-c, 5 instrument)
12 solo (5 x-c)
-17 years

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4
Q

Recency

A

-24 months
-attend TC safety seminar
-recurrent training program
-complete training program
-meet requirements for issue or renewal of licence
-complete written exams for licence
-flight review
-self paced study course

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5
Q

5 year recency

A

-act as PIC once or;
-Write PSTAR and complete flight review and have log book certified

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6
Q

Currency

A

-6 month
-5 take off and landings to carry passengers
-same at night

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7
Q

Personal logs

A

-data
-aircraft type and registration
-flight crew position
-place of departure and arrival
-intermediate take offs and landings
-flight time and conditions
-must be certified

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8
Q

Safely approaching aircraft

A

-avoid prop
-check for chocks
-check mags off
-check master switch off

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9
Q

Safely leaving aircraft

A

-mags and master switch off and keys out
-wheel chocks in
-gust lock
-tie down wings if windy

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10
Q

Safety briefing

A

-emergency exits
-seat belt
-first aid and fire extinguisher
-what to do in emergency

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11
Q

Sms

A

-report
-analyze
-correct
-evaluate
-document

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12
Q

4 forces

A

-thrust
-drag
-lift
-weight

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13
Q

How lift is created

A

-Bernoulli theorem
Total energy in system is constant
-airflow deflected off bottom of wing

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14
Q

Wing

A

-upwash
-leading edge
-trailing edge
-downwash

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15
Q

Factors affecting lift

A

-angle of attack
-velocity of airfoil
-density of air
-wing area
-shape of airfoil

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16
Q

Coefficient of lift

A

-relative measure of airfoils lifting capabilities
-higher camber will have greater CL
-Cl increases to critical angle of attack the decreases rapidly in stall

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17
Q

Drag

A

-total aircraft drag= induced drag + parasite drag
-parasite drag =interference drag +profile drag

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18
Q

Reducing parasite drag

A

-streamlining
-retractable undercarriage
-clean aircraft
-wax
-flush rivets
-landing gear fairings
-streamlined design

19
Q

Induced drag

A

-lower surface airflow outwards
-upper surface airflow inwards

20
Q

Wingtip vortices

A

-clockwise on left
-counter clockwise on right
-greatest at low airspeeds, clean configuration, heavy

21
Q

Reducing induced drag

A

-aspect ratio = span/average chord
-winglets
-ground effects

22
Q

Airfoil design

A

-conventional
Thickest 25% chord from leading edge
-laminar
Thickest 50% chord
Symmetrical
High speed aircraft

23
Q

Airfoil terms and design

A

-platform
Shape of wing from above
-angle of incidence
Angle wing is fixed on longitudinal axis
-washout
Twist in wing at root
-stall strips
On leading edge near root
-wing fences
Prevent airflow across wing
-spoilers
Spanwise on top of airfoil to increase drag reducing lift
-speed breaks
Increase drag without reducing lift
-vortex generators
Vertical plates to re-energize boundary layer

24
Q

Slots vs slats

A

-slots
Lift device on leading edge to re-energize boundary layer
-slats
Retractable leading edge slots

25
Q

Flaps

A

-increase max CL of wing
-advantages
Steep approach angles
Better visibility over nose
Improved take off performance
Slower landing speeds
-disadvantages
Full flaps in high winds increases weather vane effect
Weaken aircraft if at too high airspeed

26
Q

Flap design

A

-plain flap
Simple flap design to increase camber
-split flap
Low pressure area between wing and flap
-fowler flap
Combines camber change with increase in wing area and slot
-zap flap
Increases wing area without slot
-double slotted flap
Combines camber changes and slots

27
Q

Trim tabs

A

Adjustable or fixed surfaces on trailing edge to relieve pilot workload

28
Q

Stabilator

A

Works as both horizontal stabilizer and elevator

29
Q

Servo/anti-servo tabs

A

-servo
Tab on trialing edge of control surface moves opposite
Eases force required by pilot to move surface
-anti servo
Moves in same direction
Increases force required

30
Q

Aileron drag

A

-when rolling
-down going aileron increases lift and drag
-up going decreases lift and drag
-causes adverse yaw

31
Q

Solutions to aileron drag

A

-fries ailerons
Upgoing creates parasite drag
-differential ailerons
Upgoing at greater angle parasite drag

32
Q

Balanced controls

A

-aerodynamic balance
Extending part of control surface in opposing airflow
-mass balance
Place a weight in front of control surface hinge

33
Q

Stability

A

-static stability
Initial tendency to return
-dynamic stability
Overall tendency to return

34
Q

C of G position

A

-forward
Positive static stability
Tail down force required
Weight increase, stall speed increase, TAS decrease
-less forward
Less positive static stability
Decrease in weight
Stall speed decrease
Range increase
-aft
No tail down force
Neutral static
Unrecoverable from stall or spin

35
Q

Lateral stability

A

-dihedral
Angle wing makes with horizon
Aircraft will roll back to level
-keel effect
High wing aircraft
Weight below wing and acts as pendulum to correct stability
-sweepback
Wing drop to create side slip

36
Q

Directional stability

A

-vertical stabilizer
Greater surface area after c of g
-sweepback
Area on upward wing creates more drag causing aircraft to go straight

37
Q

Causes of undesired yaw

A

-adverse yaw
-prop torque
-asymmetric thrust
-Gyroscopic procession
-slipstream

38
Q

Climbing definitions

A

-service ceiling
Highest altitude where aircraft can maintain 100 rpm rate of climb
-absolute ceiling
Altitude where aircraft can no longer climb

39
Q

Load factor

A

Load acting on wing/weight of aircraft

40
Q

Rate and radius

A

-greater airspeed; greater radius, lower rate
-greater bank; smaller radius, greater rate

41
Q

Stall

A

-laminar flow
Smooth airflow lift
-turbulent flow
Rough airflow no lift
-transition point
Where airflow changes
-will stall at same IAS

42
Q

Stall in turns

A

-climbing
Outer wing stall first
-descending
Inner wing stall first

43
Q

Gust

A

Rapid and irregular fluctuations of varying intensity upward and downward

44
Q

Maneuvering speed

A

(Va)
Max speed where full control deflection will now cause damage to aircraft

Avia 101 (1 decks)

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