aims and policies in forgeign affairs to 1529 Flashcards
What was the significance of the Field of Cloth of Gold in 1520?
It achieved nothing of significance but cost a year’s income.
This meeting was intended to assert Henry VIII’s status but ultimately reinforced a more peaceful policy due to financial constraints.
What were Henry VIII’s foreign policy aims?
- achieving military glory
- asserting his claim to the French throne
- securing the succession through his marriage to Catherine
- securing the dynasty through Mary’s marriage to Louis XII
- achieving imperial ambitions by uniting England and Scotland
- subduing Scotland and protecting England from invasion
These aims reflect Henry’s desire to establish England as a dominant power in Europe.
What was the outcome of the early campaigns against France?
They helped Henry achieve some gains but came at a huge financial cost.
The campaigns included significant battles but ultimately strained England’s resources.
Who were the young monarchs that posed challenges to Henry VIII’s foreign policy?
Charles I of Spain and Francis I of France.
Their ambitions and resources outmatched those of Henry, complicating England’s position in Europe.
What was the Treaty of London, 1518?
An international peace treaty that Henry hijacked from a papal initiative for a crusade against the Turks.
This treaty positioned Henry as a pivotal power in European diplomacy, though its gains were short-lived.
What happened to England’s position after the French victory in Italy at Marignano?
England was left isolated and forced to change policy.
This victory diminished England’s influence and alliances in Europe.
What was the financial cost of the English army’s invasion of France in 1523?
The invasion cost £400,000, equivalent to a year’s income.
This financial burden forced England to make peace swiftly after the failed invasion.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Pavia in 1525?
Charles captured Francis, giving Henry a chance to assert his claim to the French throne.
However, Henry’s plans collapsed due to Charles’ refusal to attack France and previous financial constraints.
What was the result of the diplomatic revolution following the failure to secure Charles’ support?
England allied with France through the Treaty of the More.
This marked a significant shift in alliances as England sought to regain power.
What were the consequences of Henry VIII’s desire to annul his marriage to Catherine?
It complicated foreign policy due to Catherine being Charles’ aunt, making divorce difficult without military victory.
This situation further isolated England as France and Spain made peace.
True or False: Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine was politically advantageous throughout his reign.
False.
The marriage became a liability as it complicated Henry’s foreign policy and ambitions.
