AIM: Brant: Ch 67: Pediatric Chest Flashcards
T/F: The younger the child, the larger the heart, the wider the chest relative to the height, and the less well-defined the lung markings, particularly the pulmonary vascularity.
True
In a newborn infant, the transverse cardiac diameter may be up to ____ of the transverse dimension of the chest measured between the inner rib margins.
60%
T/F: The cardiothoracic ratio decreases as the child grows older, and should be less than 50%, with the heart appearing similar to an adult, by the first decade.
False
The cardiothoracic ratio decreases as the child grows older, and should be less than 50%, with the heart appearing similar to an adult, by the SECOND decade.
A guide for normal heart size is that a line drawn along the ____ on the lateral CXR should pass posterior to the heart.
Posterior tracheal wall
The following are true regarding the pediatric heart, except:
a. An appearance suggesting a “boot-shaped heart” or “egg on a string” is probably more likely due to normal variation than to the malformation classically associated with that description.
b. The right margin of the left atrium is visible in one-third of normal children.
c. The ascending aorta is never prominent in normal children.
d. All of the above are true
d. All of the above are true
The thymus is proportionately largest at birth, but continues to grow, more slowly than the child, until ____, when it is reaches its maximum size.
Puberty
Largest at birth
Maximum size at puberty
Name the sign
Thymic wave sign
Anterior rib end impressions cause a wavy edge laterally that is often better seen on shallow oblique views.
A ____ can often be seen on frontal view marking the transition between the inferior border of the thymus and the cardiac margin.
Thymic notch
In newborns the thymus can involute in response to physiologic stress within ____
6 hours
