Ai Flashcards
What are the ABCs in basic life support?
Airway, breathing, and circulation
These are the first three steps in the basic life support examination of any patient.
Define absorption in the context of contaminants.
Penetration of one substance into the structure of another
Such as the process of picking up a liquid contaminant with an absorbent.
What is acetylene (C2H2)?
Colorless gas with an explosive range from 2.5 percent to 81 percent in air; used as a fuel gas for cutting and welding operations.
What is actual mechanical advantage?
The rate of mechanical advantage a system offers in actuality, often lower than theoretical due to friction.
Define adsorption.
Adherence of a substance in a liquid or gas to a solid; occurs on the surface of the adsorbent material.
What does Advanced Life Support (ALS) involve?
Advanced medical skills performed by trained medical personnel, such as administration of medications or airway management procedures.
What is an adze?
Chopping tool with a thin, arched blade set at a right angle to the handle; also a wedge-shaped blade attached at right angles to the handle.
What are After Action Reviews?
Learning tools used to evaluate a project or incident to identify strengths and correct weaknesses.
What is an air lifting bag?
Inflatable device used to lift objects; can have lifting capabilities in excess of 75 tons (68,000 kg).
Define an Air-Purifying Respirator (APR).
Respirator that removes contaminants by passing ambient air through a filter, cartridge, or canister.
What is an anchor in rope rescue systems?
A single object used to secure a rope rescue system; also known as Anchor Point.
Define an anchor system.
Total combination of anchor points, slings, and carabiners used to create attachment points for a rope rescue system.
What is an arc in electrical terms?
High-temperature luminous electric discharge across a gap or through a medium such as charred insulation.
What is an area of refuge?
Space where a victim may find safety from hazards at an incident; also known as Sheltered Areas.
Define arrhythmia.
Any disturbance in the normal rhythm of the heart.
What is an ascending device?
Mechanical contrivance that allows upward but not downward movement when climbing rope.
What is an attractive nuisance?
A location or feature likely to require technical rescue if appropriate caution is not exercised.
What is an auger used for?
A drilling device that uses screw threads to dig deep into soil or other dense surfaces.
What does Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) refer to?
An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard.
Define belay in climbing.
Climber’s term for a safety line.
What is a bight in knot terminology?
Element of a knot formed by bending the rope back on itself, creating a U-shaped fold.
What is a block and tackle?
Series of pulleys contained within a frame; used with rope to provide mechanical advantage for pulling operations.
Define block creel construction.
Method of manufacturing rope without knots or splices; a continuous strand of fiber runs the entire length of the rope’s core.
What is Body Substance Isolation (BSI)?
Practice of taking protective measures to isolate body substances to prevent the spread of infectious disease.
What is a bombproof anchor point?
An anchor that is seemingly immovable or capable of withstanding extreme forces.
What is a bowline knot used for?
Knot used to form a loop; easy to tie and untie and does not constrict.
Define braking Prusik.
A Prusik attached to a main line using a three-wrap Prusik hitch to grab the line and prevent movement.
What is a carabiner?
Steel or aluminum snap link device for attaching components of rope rescue systems together.
What is case-hardened steel?
Steel with a surface that is much harder than the interior, used in the construction of vehicles.
Define cave-in.
Collapse of unsupported trench walls.
What is the center of gravity?
Point through which the weight of a load can be considered concentrated for balance.
What does chain of command refer to?
Order of rank and authority in fire and emergency services; proper sequence of information and command flow.
What is a cheater bar?
Unsafe addition of a length of pipe to a prying tool handle for additional leverage.
Define clove hitch.
Knot consisting of two half hitches used to attach a rope to an object.
What is cohesiveness?
Property of sticking or binding together; often refers to soil consistency.
What is a cold zone?
Safe area outside of the warm zone where equipment and personnel are not expected to become contaminated.
Define collapse zone.
Area beneath a wall in which the wall is likely to land if it loses structural integrity.
What is a come-along?
Manually operated pulling tool that uses a ratchet/pulley arrangement for mechanical advantage.
What is compartment syndrome?
Result of traumatic injury where muscle tissue becomes swollen and tightly encased.
Define competent person.
A person with the ability and authority to identify and address hazards.
What is a complex mechanical advantage system?
Rigging system using a series of pulleys that move in different directions; mechanical advantage is summative.
What is a compound mechanical advantage system?
Rigging system using a series of travelling pulleys that move in the same direction; mechanical advantage is multiplicative.
Define cribbing.
Lengths of solid wood or plastic used to stabilize vehicles and collapsed buildings.
What is Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD)?
Counseling designed to minimize psychological trauma effects on those involved in fire and rescue incidents.
What is crowd control?
Limiting access to an emergency scene by spectators and non-emergency personnel.
Define crush syndrome.
Potentially fatal condition from crushing pressure on a body part for four to six hours.
What is a cutting tool?
Hand or power tool used to cut a specific kind of material.
What is decontamination?
Process of removing a hazardous foreign substance from a person or area.
What is a demobilization unit?
Functional unit within the planning section of an incident management system; assures orderly demobilization of resources.
What is a descent device?
Friction or mechanical device used to control descent down a fixed line.
Define desorption.
Release of a substance from or through a surface; opposite of absorption.
What is documentation?
Written notes, audio/videotapes, or photographs that form a detailed record of an incident.
What is an eddy in water currents?
A current of water moving in opposition to the main stream, caused by contact with an obstacle.
Define edema.
Condition in which fluid escapes into body tissues, causing swelling.
