AHR-All Quizzes

Question 1

1) When performing a forensic examination on an animal whose owner is charged with cruelty, its important to (pick all that apply)
a. Include the animal’s identification, the date, and the name of the person performing the examination in each picture
b. Photograph 5 clear views of the animal in question
c. Use correct methods that verify the “chain of custody” for all pieces of evidence to maintain confidence that nothing has been tapered with once the exam is complete
d. Obtain additional photographs of lesions or other significant findings that include tools of reference, like rulers

Answer 1

All of these

Question 2

An example of a setting appropriate for the title of Animal-Assisted Therapy is

Answer 2

A physical therapist involving a dog in therapy exercises

Question 3

In what ways are horses managed at Healing Strides that helps maintain good emotional/behavioral health for the animals? There may be more than one correct answer.

Answer 3

Horses have free choice access to hay
Horses live outdoors and in groups
Horse usage is carefully monitored

Question 4

Increased ear rotation, slightly raised neck and small hoof movements are all signs of what FAS Level?

Answer 4

FAS Level 1

Question 5

What is a key component of non-confrontational horse handling?

Answer 5

Positive reinforcement/distraction

Question 6

Stereotypic behavior is

Answer 6

perseverant repetition of behaviors that are unvaried in sequence and have no obvious purpose or function

Question 7

Which of the following are assignments and/or deliverables in this course? Pick all that apply

Answer 7

3 self quizzes
Photo essay based on a picture taken during the Montgomery Animal Shelter tour
1 educational pamphlet
Final exam that is cumulative, closed book, in class
1 rapid abstract presentation

Question 8

Displacement behaviors are signals that the dog

Answer 8

is trying to avoid conflict
wants more distance between you and it is trying to calm itself

Question 9

True or false:
Observer expectancy refers to the horse’s ability to identify and interpret subtle body changes in humans.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is the most effective and efficient method for assessing the welfare of production animals?

Answer 10

Observing behavioral, physical, and physiological responses of the animals

Question 11

True or False: Therapy animals have been specifically trained to aid an individual with a disability.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Which of the following statements are true regarding the FAS scale for monitoring horse behavior. Pick all of the statements that are correct.

Answer 12

FAS stands for Fear, Anxiety, and Stress

Question 13

What is the primary characteristic of the horse that hippotherapy makes use of? What is a unique characteristic that this therapy relies upon?

Answer 13

The sway of the horse’s gait as it mimics human walking

Question 14

Select the emotional states that are frequently associated with aggressive behavior in dogs.

Answer 14

Anxiety
Fear
Frustration
Being threatened

Question 15

Select the correct law(s) that contain language protecting public access rights of Emotional Support Animals.

Answer 15

Fair Housing Act (FHA)
Air Carrier Access Act (ACAA)

Question 16

Describe how factors in animal handling can affect the health and welfare of livestock and livestock handlers.

Answer 16

The less livestock animals fear people, the better the welfare of livestock and handlers will be

Question 17

Which of the following are CENTAUR Sponsored Public Corporate Clerkships? There are multiple correct answers

Answer 17

Montgomery County Care and Adoptions Center
Healing Strides Equine Assisted Services
Saint Francis Service Dogs
Middleburg Humane Foundation

Question 18

True or False: Riding facilities that provide equine assisted services (EAS) are mandated by federal law to meet specific medical treatment standards.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What is meant by the phrase “alignment in the principles of design”?

Answer 19

Every element on a page (or slide) should visually connect to something else on that page (or slide)

Question 20

Which of the following is a risk factor for therapy dogs acquiring C. Difficile and MRSA in healthcare settings? Select all the answers that apply.

Answer 20

Getting on a patients bed without a barrier
Licking objects or people in a facility
Shaking paws with people’s hands in a facility
Being petted by a human in the facility

Question 21

At Virginia Tech, where can students, faculty, and staff obtain free writing assistance?

Answer 21

Writing Center

Question 22

Which if the following described signs of stress, anxiety, and fear in horses?

Answer 22

Increased ear rotation, tail movement and fidgeting

Question 23

Describe low-stress production animal handling.

Answer 23

Refers to handling animals with positive, low fear, behaviorally informed techniques
Tends to require much more time than traditional methods of handling
Uses age-old, common techniques to achieve the desired outcome
Are based on human emotion and empathy rather than scientific fact

Question 24

Horses that are used to carry riders who require the use of the Chair Lift and Support Saddle should be carefully monitored for signs of pain in a particular area. What area of the horse is at the highest risk for developing problems with use of this saddle? (pick one answer)

Answer 24

Back Strain

Question 25

After “touring” the feed room at Healing Strides, what recommendations or comments would you share with them as a veterinarian. Check all of the answers that apply.

Answer 25

There are a number of supplements to help maintain horse health
They clean the feed buckets weekly with Clorox to prevent disease
The feeding schedule is clearly displayed

Question 26

Match the animal group with the statement that relates to that group:
Large carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores

Answer 26

a. This category of animal is targeted because they often require large home ranges making the damage they cause impactful to many people and communities
b. This category of animal often includes invasive species, and is considered a leading causing of agricultural damage
c. These animals have been displaced to the wild, and can create secondary consequences by hunting species that are unaccustomed to dealing with large groups of displaced predators
d. This population of animals has been impacted by their prey being harvested in massive numbers for human consumption, causing this group of animals to move into areas occupied by humans, and amplifying negative interactions (including animal human attacks) between these animals and people

A.

Question 27

Match the animal group with the statement that relates to that group:
Marine

Answer 27

a. This category of animal is targeted because they often require large home ranges making the damage they cause impactful to many people and communities
b. This category of animal often includes invasive species, and is considered a leading causing of agricultural damage
c. These animals have been displaced to the wild, and can create secondary consequences by hunting species that are unaccustomed to dealing with large groups of displaced predators
d. This population of animals has been impacted by their prey being harvested in massive numbers for human consumption, causing this group of animals to move into areas occupied by humans, and amplifying negative interactions (including animal human attacks) between these animals and people
D.

Question 28

Match the animal group with the statement that relates to that group:
Feral animals

Answer 28

a. This category of animal is targeted because they often require large home ranges making the damage they cause impactful to many people and communities
b. This category of animal often includes invasive species, and is considered a leading causing of agricultural damage
c. These animals have been displaced to the wild, and can create secondary consequences by hunting species that are unaccustomed to dealing with large groups of displaced predators
d. This population of animals has been impacted by their prey being harvested in massive numbers for human consumption, causing this group of animals to move into areas occupied by humans, and amplifying negative interactions (including animal human attacks) between these animals and people
C.

Question 29

Match the animal group with the statement that relates to that group:
Agricultural Pests

Answer 29

a. This category of animal is targeted because they often require large home ranges making the damage they cause impactful to many people and communities
b. This category of animal often includes invasive species, and is considered a leading causing of agricultural damage
c. These animals have been displaced to the wild, and can create secondary consequences by hunting species that are unaccustomed to dealing with large groups of displaced predators
d. This population of animals has been impacted by their prey being harvested in massive numbers for human consumption, causing this group of animals to move into areas occupied by humans, and amplifying negative interactions (including animal human attacks) between these animals and people
B.

Question 30

How have human attitudes changed (or are changing) in recent years toward wildlife conservation? List all that apply.
a. There has been a shift towards awareness of the value of biologically diversity and species conservation
b. Current changes in human attitudes are a result of better information, investigative tools and modeling, laws, and creative ways to manage wildlife
c. The shift is also towards a trend that seeks a balance between protecting species while meeting the needs of a local community
d. In general there is no change because the great majority of people do not perceive the negative consequences of human expansion

Answer 30

A, B, and C

Question 31

True or False. The state of Virginia has a very specific bestiality law banning sexual abuse of animals.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What are the preferred qualifications/experiences for a person who is performing a forensic necropsy?
a. Someone who has experience and expertise, like a veterinarian with expertise in forensic medicine or a veterinary pathologists
b. Anyone who is familiar with animals
c. Exclusively by the veterinarian involved directly with the animal in the case
d. Only a board certified veterinary pathologist

Answer 32

A

Question 33

Which are the following recommendations that Attorney Pettitt suggested for veterinarians who serve as witnesses in animal abuse cases?
a. Be honest, concise, and admit when you do not know the answer to a question
b. Provide factual information and avoid personal assessments and opinions
c. When testifying, remain professional, impersonal, and non-reactive
d. When possible, try to meet with the prosecuting attorney before the case court date

Answer 33

All of these

Question 34

True or False. Animal Law is defined as any legal issue that involves any species of animal or any situation in which animals are involved.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Hoarding is legally divided into categories based on the hoarder’s purpose for collecting the animals that they have. What are the categories that are legally recognized as animal related crimes?
a. Overwhelmed Care Giver
b. Ritualistic Hoarder
c. Rescue Hoarder
d. Exploitive Hoarder

Answer 35

C and D

Question 36

Which of the following is not part of the usual forensic necropsy procedure?
a. Radiographs
b. Photos of lesions
c. Histopathology
d. MRI

Answer 36

D.

Question 37

How are most crimes involving cases of intentional animal abuse or cruelty tried in Virginia ?
a. as criminal disputes
b. as civil disputes

Answer 37

A.

Question 38

Match the following terms with the appropriate statement or description:
Arrest

a. Crimes against the state or peoples in general
b. Dispute between two people or individuals
c. Based on review of the evidence, the grand jury issues a written accusation that charges an individual for committing an illegal act
d. An individual suspected of committing a crime is taken into custody and may or may not be given a bond option for release

Answer 38

D.

Question 39

Match the following terms with the appropriate statement or description:
Civil Dispute or Charge

a. Crimes against the state or peoples in general
b. Dispute between two people or individuals
c. Based on review of the evidence, the grand jury issues a written accusation that charges an individual for committing an illegal act
d. An individual suspected of committing a crime is taken into custody and may or may not be given a bond option for release

Answer 39

B.

Question 40

Match the following terms with the appropriate statement or description:
Criminal Dispute or Charge

a. Crimes against the state or peoples in general
b. Dispute between two people or individuals
c. Based on review of the evidence, the grand jury issues a written accusation that charges an individual for committing an illegal act
d. An individual suspected of committing a crime is taken into custody and may or may not be given a bond option for release

Answer 40

A.

Question 41

Match the following terms with the appropriate statement or description:
Indictment

a. Crimes against the state or peoples in general
b. Dispute between two people or individuals
c. Based on review of the evidence, the grand jury issues a written accusation that charges an individual for committing an illegal act
d. An individual suspected of committing a crime is taken into custody and may or may not be given a bond option for release

Answer 41

C.

Question 42

If you are asked to serve as an expert witness, you will likely have to participate in the process of voir dire during the trail. What might you review or bring to the trial to assist you in answering questions relating to this process? Pick all that apply.

a. Copy of your birth certificate
b. Copies of professional publications and research
c. Your Curriculum Vitae
d. Most recent tax forms
e. The steps that you took to become certified in your area of expertise
f. Proof of citizenship
g. Reports that you submitted to the court prior to the trial
h. Your current job and recent job descriptions

Answer 42

B, C, E, G, and H

Question 43

If an offender is convicted of an animal related crime, which category is associated with the most severe punishment?

a. Felony
b. Class 1 Misdemeanor
c. Class III Misdemeanor

Answer 43

A.

Question 44

If a person living in Blacksburg, Virginia ropes a donkey’s hind leg, causing it to fall and break the leg, that person will be charged with….

a. Class I Misdemeanor
b. Class II Misdemeanor
c. Felony
d. Class IV Misdemeanor

Answer 44

A.

Question 45

Historically, what are the factors/characteristics of humans that contributed to the emergence of the species as a super predictor?
As you answer this question, take a moment to think about how these factors might also be applied to protect and conserve wildlife. This isn’t part of the quiz, just something to ponder.

a. Early humans believed that sacrificing one member of their group as a distraction for a predictor was worth providing others the opportunity to kill the animal while it was distracted
b. Humans form social groups that allowed them to organize, plan, and work together
c. Humans practice behaviors that allow them to effectively avoid animals that are threats
d. Humans developed weapons that allowed them to inflict deadly harm without having to come into direct contact with preditors

Answer 45

B, C and D

Question 46

As the human population has expanded, the opportunity to come in contact with a growing number of previously isolated species has also increased. What have been/are the consequences of the increased contact? Pick all that apply

a. Increased interaction between wildlife species and humans changes human perception of wildlife, making animal sightings more common and devaluing the fantasy element associated with viewing wild species
b. Increased potential for humans to encounter new infectious organisms with zoonotic potential
c. Attempts to limit the movement of some species may have a detrimental effect on the normal migratory patterns of other species, and also interferes with human movement
d. Greater interaction creates opportunities for human products like weed killers to cause unintended spill over effects on wildlife that share these environments
e. Reduced resources for wildlife increases the risk/need for wild animals to damage or kill animals and plants being cultivated for human use

Answer 46

B, C, D and E

Question 47

Most movements that generate laws to address care and welfare of animals are typically initiated at what level of the government?

a. State Laws and Policies
b. Community Laws and Policies
c. Federal Laws and Policies
d. International Laws and Policies

Answer 47

B.

Question 48

Which of the following statements is true relating to Livor Mortis? Select all that apply.
a. refers to the rate of decomposition because it involves the process of tissue petrification and autolysis
b. Helps to estimate the time of death because muscles and joints are initially fixed after death, but are released when enough time has passed for the tissue break down
c. provides information about the body’s position at the time of death and can help determine if it was moved postmortem
d. refers to postmortem muscle contractions that immobilize the joints of the body
e. is the pooling of blood due to gravity in dependent body sites after the heart stops

Answer 48

C and E

Question 49

What is one way you can distinguish between accidental and non-accidental injuries?
a. Less body limbs are affected in non-accidental injuries
b. Fractures are typically all at the same stage of healing in non-accidental injuries
c. Non-accidental injuries are typically associated with less fractures
d. Non-accidental injuries typically present with more transverse fractures

Answer 49

D.

Question 50

True or False. The states of Virginia and Maryland require that counties provide shelter for homeless domestic animals.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

True or False: Olfactory enrichment is not helpful in reducing barking in a shelter environment.

Answer 51

False

Question 52

Forensic examination of a deceased animal should…?

a. Include a full necropsy with additional sample collection
b. Determine the cause of death
c. Establish the time of death
d. Determine the manner of death
e. Allow for careful collection of samples for DNA analysis

Answer 52

All of the above

Question 53

Select all of the statements that described the correct technique for collecting forensic evidence on a case of suspected animal abuse.

a. Perform a thorough physical examination and photograph any lesions with a ruler or other point of reference
b. Along with the numerical identifier, include a chart or sign in all photographs that indicates the date and the name of the examiner
c. Assign the animal a unique numerical identifier that is included in all photographs and on all collected forensic data
d. Obtain photographs of the animal that include 5 views of it: front, back, both sides, and top-down view

Answer 53

All of the above

Question 54

The primary contribution that a veterinarian makes in cases of suspected animal abuse and/or cruelty is…?

Answer 54

Accurately collect and present scientific data that demonstrates the animal’s condition

Question 55

Sound control in shelters…?

Answer 55

–>Noise in shelters can exceed 100db, which is a level that can be heard and felt
–>Can be improved by the use of sound reducing materials, and practice noise reducing methods

Question 56

True or False. Diseased animals entering the shelter fall into one of two categories: infectious or non-infectious. An example of a non-infectious disease is a wound or burn and animals with this type of problem do not initially need to be quarantined.

Answer 56

False

Question 57

Which of the following defines a shelter animal’s primary enclosure?

Answer 57

An area of confinement where an animal eats, sleeps, eliminates, and spends most of its time

Question 58

What is the estimated required time (provided by the ASV) to provide basic care to an animal in a shelter?

Answer 58

15 minutes

Question 59

True or False: Co-housing was found to have no effect on dog cortisol levels in shelters

Answer 59

True

Question 60

True or False: The term Capacity of Care refers to a shelters ability to provide basic care and housing to animals that are surrendered to the shelter.

Answer 60

True

Question 61

True or False: Non-animal areas are of limited value in shelters and should be minimized so there is adequate space for storage.

Answer 61

False

Question 62

When strays arrive at the shelter, every effort should be made to determine if the animal is “chipped” so it can be returned to its owner. What steps should shelter staff take to have the best chance of determining if a stray animal has an identification chip? (select all that apply)
1. Move the scanner over the animal at a rate of 6 inches (1/2 foot) distance per second
2. The scanner should just brush along the tip of the animal’s hair when scanning
3. Make sure to update scanners regularly and use the newest version
4. Scan the animal several times, using a different brand of global scanner each time
5. Check that the batteries in the scanner are well charged

Answer 62

All of these

Question 63

Which of the following enclosures meets the “Cat Fancier’s” recommended minimal cubic space for a cats?

Answer 63

A cage that is 3 feet wide, 4 feet long, and 3 feet high

Question 64

The ASPCA’s position on behavioral assessments done on shelter dogs is…?

Answer 64

a. Behavioral assessment in a shelter is a poor predictor of how an animal will behave in a home environment
b. Behavioral assessment is most accurate when it is based on reports of the animal’s behavior by several evaluators and in several different circumstances

Question 65

Shelter lighting should…? (Pick the accurate statement(s))
a. Regardless of source, mimic normal circadian cycles
b. Incorporate as much natural light as possible
c. Be adequate to allow accurate evaluation of animal

Answer 65

All of these

Question 66

The ASPCA generally recommends the use of modified live vaccines (MLV). Which of the following statements explain the reason for their recommendation?

a. The animal’s immune system usually responds more quickly to MLVs
b. Some MVLs are less affected by the presence of maternal antibodies

Answer 66

Both A and B

Question 67

What does ASV stand for relative to shelter medicine?

Answer 67

Association of Shelter Veterinarians

Question 68

What is the single most useful and well-documented positive intervention for shelter dogs?

Answer 68

Human Interaction

Question 69

Chain of Custody refers to…?

Answer 69

A process of documentation so evidence is accounted for at all times

Question 70

The Association of Shelter Veterinarians established (pick all that apply) the document on Shelter Standards to…?

a. Raise the standards of animal care in the shelters
b. Create a document that shelters can use for self-assessment and on-going improvement
c. Insert consistency in shelter operations and clearly define unacceptable practices

Answer 70

All of these

Question 71

You are examining an adult male dog that is a stray. The dog has some evidence of tarter on its teeth but no evidence of advanced dental disease. As you look further, it does not have a lot of grey hair and its eyes are clear. Your estimate this dog to be…?

Answer 71

Older than 2 years but less than 5 years