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Safety & First Aid (AHA) > AHA BLS Certification > Flashcards

AHA BLS Certification Flashcards

1
Q

In which locations do most out of hospital cardiac arrests occur?

A

Homes

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2
Q

Which is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children?

A

Respiratory failure or shock

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3
Q

What is the third link in the adult out of hospital chain of survival?

A

Defibrillation

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4
Q

A 53-year-old man collapses and becomes unresponsive. You witness the collapse and are the first rescuer at the scene, where the man is lying motionless on the floor. What is the first action you should take in this situation?

A

Verify that the scene is safe for you and the victim

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5
Q

The man doesn’t respond when you tap his shoulders and shout “are you okay!” what is your best next action after checking the scene for safety?

A

Shout for help

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6
Q

Several rescuers respond and you ask them to activate the emergency response system and retrieve the AED. As you check for a pulse and breathing you notice that the man is gasping for air and making snorting sounds. you do not feel a pulse, what is your next action?

A

begin high quality cpr starting with chest compressions

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7
Q

What is the ratio of chest compressions to breaths whenproviding C P R to an adult?

A

30 compressions to 2 breaths

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8
Q

What are the rate and depth of chest compressions on an adult?

A

A rate of 100 to 100 compressions per minute and a depth of AT LEAST two inches

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9
Q

What action should you take when more rescuers arrive on scene and you have already begun CPR?

A

Assign tasks to other rescuers and rotate compressors every two minutes or more frequently if needed to avoid fatigue

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10
Q

if you suspect that an unresponsive victim has head or neck trauma what is the preferred method for opening the airway?

A

Jaw thrust

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11
Q

What is CCF (chest compression fraction)

A

The proportion of time that rescuers perform chest compressions during CPR

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12
Q

What is the most appropriate first step to take as soon as the AED arrives at the victim’s side?

A

Power on the AED

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13
Q

Which step is one of the universal steps for operating an AED?

A

placing the pads on the victim’s bare chest

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14
Q

If a victim of cardiac arrest has an implanted pacemaker or defibrillator what special steps should you take?

A

Avoid placing the AED pad directly over the implanted device.

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15
Q

What action should you take while the A E D is analyzing the heart rhythm?

A

Stand clear of the victim

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16
Q

After performing high-quality CPR for five minutes the team leader frequently interrupts chest compressions to check for a pulse which action demonstrates constructive intervention?

A

Suggest resuming chest compressions without delay

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17
Q

The team leader asks you to perform bag mask ventilation during a resuscitation attempt but you have not perfected that skill what would be an appropriate action to acknowledge your limitations?

A

Tell the team leader you are not comfortable performing that task

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18
Q

How would you perform CPR on a pregnant lady?

A

Nudge her belly to the left so that the pressure on her large blood vessels can be released allowing for better profusion. Continue CPR carefully while someone holds her belly in that left position.

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19
Q

What is the appropriate action to demonstrate closed-loop communication when the team leader assigns you a task?

A

Repeat back to the team leader the task assigned to you.

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20
Q

what is the correct compression to ventilation ratio for a single rescuer of a three-year-old child?

A

30:2

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21
Q

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a seven-year-old child when two or more rescuers are present?

A

15:2

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22
Q

For what age victim is the two-thumb encircling hands technique recommended?

A

Infants 1 year and younger

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23
Q

what is the correct chest compression depth for a child?

A

1/3 the diameter of the chest or approximately two inches.

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24
Q

what is the correct chest compression depth for an infant?

A

1/3 of the diameter of the chest or approximately 1 1/2 inches.

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25
Q

What should you do when using an AED on an infant or child younger than 8 years of age?

A

use the adult AED pads only if the AED does not have child pads

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26
Q

If a manual defibrillator is not available for an infant victim what action should you take?

A

Use an AED equipped with a pediatric dose attenuator

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27
Q

what is important to remember about AED pad placement on infants?

A

You may need to place one pad on the chest and one on the back according to the diagrams shown on the AED.

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28
Q

Which victim would need only rescue breathing?

A

A victim with no breathing and a detected pulse

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29
Q

How often should rescue breaths be given to infants and children when a pulse is felt?

A

One breath every two to three seconds

30
Q

Which action can rescuers perform to potentially reduce the risk of gastric inflation?

A

Delivering each breath over one second, avoid going too fast.

31
Q

Which is the preferred technique for giving rescue breaths to an infant?

A

Mouth-to-mouth and nose

32
Q

Your roommate uses opioids and you find them unresponsive with no breathing but he has a strong pulse so you suspect an opioid overdose. A friend is calling 911 and looking for the Narcan injector what action should you take?

A

Provide rescue breathing: one breath every six seconds

33
Q

You encounter an unresponsive 56-year-old woman who has been taking hydrocodone for post-surgical pain. She is now breathing and has no pulse. Notice that her medication bottle is empty and you suspect an overdose of opioids. A colleague activates the emergency response system and is retrieving the AED and Narcan. What is the most appropriate action for you to take next?

A

Begin CPR starting with chest compressions

34
Q

Which of the following populations is most likely to show atypical signs of a heart attack like shortness of breath and dizziness?

A

Individuals with diabetes

35
Q

what does the stroke acronym F a s t stand for?

A

Face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty time to call 911

36
Q

if you think someone might be having a stroke what is the first thing you should do?

A

quickly check for signs of stroke

37
Q

How are rescue actions for cardiac arrest due to drowning different from the rescue actions of sudden cardiac arrest?

A

Unlike sudden cardiac arrest, the priority in a drowning is to give the person oxygen.

38
Q

You are attempting to rescue a person who has experienced drowning what do you do if there are no signs of breathing?

A

Open the airway to administer rescue breaths

39
Q

which of the following is a sign that someone is experiencing anaphylaxis?

A

life-threatening breathing or circulation problems

40
Q

If you notice someone showing all of the signs of a severe allergic reaction what is the first and most important action you should take?

A

Use the epinephrine device

41
Q

where on the body should you administer an epinephrine injection?

A

On the person’s thigh about halfway between the hip and the knee.

42
Q

Which is an example of a mild foreign body airway obstruction?

A

High pitched noise while inhaling

43
Q

Which victim of a severe airway obstruction should receive abdominal thrusts?

A

An average-sized twenty-seven-year-old man. If it is a pregnant woman, an obese person, or an infant you should not give them abdominal thrusts take other action.

44
Q

You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 9-year-old child when he suddenly becomes unresponsive after you shout for nearby help what is the next appropriate action to take?

A

Begin high-quality CPR starting with chest compressions

45
Q

What is the ratio for compression to ventilation with a 1 rescuer infant CPR?

A

30:2

46
Q

What do you do if a person is submerged in water and you need to use the AED?

A

Pull the victim out of the water before using the AED.

47
Q

A child is in cardiac arrest and two rescuers are alternating giving high-quality chest compressions every 2 minutes is this correct care?

A

True

48
Q

You witnessed someone that isunresponsive,has gasping breaths, and has no pulse so you call 911. What do you do next?

A

Begin CPR using the 30 : 2 ratio until help arrives

49
Q

True or false. A Fibrillator (AED) can identify an abnormal heart rhythm that needs a shock.

A

True

50
Q

If the A E D finds an irregular heart rhythm and you shock what is the purpose of the shock?

A

The shock produces a sudden contraction of the victims muscles resetting the hearts electrical system so a normal heart rhythm can return.

51
Q

You arrive with an AED for a man in cardiac arrest, you power it on and you put the pads on after shaving his chest hair so the pads will stick better. Once the pads are attached, the AED detects ventricular fibrillation. What is the next step when using the AED?

A

The AED will announce that a shock is advised, you will make sure no one is in contact with the victim by yelling “clear!” you will then deliver the shock.

52
Q

A victim of foreign body airway obstruction becomes unresponsive. You call 911. what is your first course of action?

A

Look for the foreign body in the throat, if you cannot remove it easily begin CPR.

53
Q

While doing C P R on an adult what is the depth of your compressions?

A

AT LEAST 2 inches

54
Q

What do you do if someone has no pulse no respirations and is unconscious?

A

Shout for help, call 911, then begin high quality CPR

55
Q

What is the rate per minute for compressions?

A

100-120

56
Q

The chain of survival has a link for early defibrillation this is important because it eliminates the abnormal heart rhythms. true or false?

A

true

57
Q

A child is in cardiac arrest what is the depth of compressions?

A

1/3 The diameter of the chest or approximately two inches

58
Q

what is the term for letting the heart adequately refill between compressions?

A

Chest recoil

59
Q

When you perform C P R on an unresponsive choking person it is important to open the airway to look for the object. true or false?

A

True

60
Q

What do you do to clear the airway for an infant that is responsive and choking?

A

Hold the infant face down so their head is slightly below their chest at an angle, and support their head and jaw with your hand. Deliver five forceful back slaps between the infant’s shoulder blades then flip them over and deliver 5 chest thrusts. This cycle until the airway has cleared or until further help arrives.

61
Q

If the infant becomes unresponsive while choking, you call 911, what are the next steps you take to clear their airway?

A

Begin CPR using the 15:2 ratio. when you give breaths, open the airway and look for the object in the throat and remove it if you can easily do so. Never perform a blind finger sweep as you can accidentally lodge the object further,m

62
Q

How often should you switch positions during CPR?

A

every 2 minutes, or every 5 rounds of compressions

63
Q

If someone is not letting the chest recoil during compressions,you will tell them that you noticed a decrease in chest coil rather than taking over the compressions yourself. true or False?

A

true

64
Q

When assisting with a bag-mask device, how do you know if the air is going in with each breath?

A

you will see the victim’s chest rise and fall

65
Q

What is the Depth, rate, ratio, and technique for providing CPR to an infant? (Birth to 1 year)

A

Depth: 1/3 diameter of chest, approx 1 1/2 inches
Rate: 100-120 bpm
Ratio: 1 rescuer = 30:2 2 rescuers= 15:2
Technique: two fingers or thumbs encircling hands

66
Q

What is the depth, rate, ratio, and technique for providing CPR to a child? (1 yr to puberty)

A

Depth: 1/3 diameter of chest, approx 2 inches
Rate: 100-120 bpm
Ratio: 1 rescuer= 30:2 2 rescuers= 15:2
Technique: 1 or 2 hands, lower half of breastbone not over xyphoid process.

67
Q

What is the depth, rate, ratio, and technique for providing CPR to an adult? (puberty and up)

A

Depth: At least 2 inches
Rate: 100-120 bpm
Ratio: 30:2
Technique 2 hands lower breastbone.

68
Q

When should you call 911 for a child in suspected cardiac arrest?

A

If you DID witness the arrest call 911 immediately and use the AED if it’s available, begin CPR.

If you did NOT witness the arrest, do CPR for two minutes then call 911 and get the AED.

69
Q

Why is it important to keep an infant’s head in the neutral position while providing C P R and breaths?

A

If you extend an infant’s head beyond the neutral position, their airway may become black so it is very important to keep their head in the neutral position to ensure the airway stays open.

70
Q
A

Safety & First Aid (AHA) (3 decks)

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