AH Business Management Flashcards
What are Fayol’s functions of a manager?
- Planning
- Organising
- Commanding
- C-ordinating
- Controlling
Name any of Fayol’s Principals of Management
- Division of Labour
- Authority
- Discipline
- Unity of Command
- Unity of Direction
- Subordination
- Remuneration
- Centralisation
- Scalar Chain
- Order
- Equity
What are Mintzberg’s 3 types of relationship?
- Interpersonal
- Informational
- Decisional
Taylor believed people were motivated by more than money
True or False
False – Taylor believed paying people by how efficient they were was the only way to motivate them
Describe 2 benefits of scientific management.
Tasks can be measured accurately
* Workers are specialised
* Hierarchical structure can lead to promotions
* Increased productivity
* Decisions are made quicker due to less employee involvement.
Describe 2 drawbacks of scientific management
- Workers are viewed as machines.
- Carrot and Stick approach
- Employees are demotivated
- Employees don’t feel valued
- Jobs are boring and repetitive.
Why is the classical school still relevant today? Give an example
Many organisations still use this approach in dividing work into smaller chunks eg fast food restaurants, mass manufacturing,
Explain the Hawthorne Effect?
Workers performance improves because they are being studied.
Describe McGregor’s Theory X
Authoritarian approach
Employees must be led and will resist change
Describe McGregor’s Theory Y
- Participative Approach
- Employees do not resist change
- Employees participate in decision making
Describe barriers to change.
- Employee Fear
- Limited Resources
- Uncertainty
- Resistance
- Lack of skills/experience
Describe Kurt Lewin’s stages of change
- Unfreezing
- Changing
- Refreezing
- Evaluation
Give an advantage of a top-down approach to change
- Management are able to make decisions based on objectives
- Works best in a crisis
- An efficient method when change is inevitable.
Describe approaches to managing change.
- Action-Centred
- Negotiated
- Participative
- Piecemeal
Give an advantage of a top-down approach to change.
- Management are able to make decisions based on objectives
- Works best in a crisis
- An efficient method when change is inevitable.
Give an advantage of an action-centred approach change
- Allows solutions to be tried out
- Explores different options
- Allows employee input
Give an advantage of the piece-meal approach to change
- Employees get used to change being implemented incrementally
Small change mean less resistance
Gradual change is easier to control.
Describe
the role of the change agent.
Responsible for bringing about change.
They work out the drivers and resistors
Manage a budget
Educate and inspire employees
Negotiate with unions
Describe the Equality Act 2010.
Prohibits discrimination on the basis of 9 characteristics
How does the Equality Act 2010 affect the HR Department?
- Wording of job adverts
- Where jobs are advertised –eg not in single sex publications
- Guaranteed Interview Scheme
- Reasonable adjustments
Describe the impact of a diverse workforce.
- Increased creativity
- Employees feel included
- Customers relate better to staff of the same culture
Describe reasons for Globalisation.
- Removes trade barriers
- Increases target markets
- Low cost travel
- Opportunities in other markets
Describe Foreign Direct Investment?
A company sets up or purchases operations in another country
Describe the impact of transfer pricing on an organisation.
- Lower tax liability
- Damaged reputation
- Increased profits and dividends for shareholders
Describe the advantages of a MNC on the host country.
- GDP can increase
- Creates employment
- Increased taxes for the government
- Can use transfer pricing
Describe the disadvantages of a MNC on the host country.
- Profits go back to the home country
- Can exert political pressure
- May exploit local labour/environment
What does ASEAN stand for?
Association of South East Asian Nationals
What is the impact of the ASEAN on UK businesses?
- Cheaper materials
- New technologies
- 2nd largest user of Facebook – generates interest in UK brands
Describe disadvantages of ASEAN on UK Businesses.
- Price wars
- Ability of China to buy up UK businesses
- Transport costs
- Cultural diversity eg language
Describe ways to demonstrate corporate social responsibility.
Donations to charity
Investing in staff
Reducing energy consumption
Minimising waste
Environmentally
friendly
Describe a advantages of CSR.
- Good reputation
- Attract customers
- Used as a marketing tool
- Attract employees
Describe fiscal policy?
Government policies affecting taxation and spending eg
Income tax ,VAT corporation tax
Describe Monetary Policy?
Measure taken to control spending through interest rates set by the Bank of England
