AH BIOLOGY UNIT ONE

Question 1

Hazard

Answer 1

Something that upon exposure can cause harm

Question 2

Risk

Answer 2

The likelihood of harm caused by exposure to the hazard

Question 3

Hazards in the lab can include…

Answer 3

Toxic/corrosive chemicals, heat or flammable substances, pathogenic organisms and mechanical equipment

Question 4

A risk assessment involves identifying…

Answer 4

Hazards, risks and control measures to minimise the risk

Question 5

Control measures can include…

Answer 5

PPE, appropriate handling techniques and aseptic technique

Question 6

Log dilution series

Answer 6

All dilutions differ by a constant proportion in the series

Question 7

Linear dilution series

Answer 7

All dilutions in the series differ by an equal interval.

Question 8

How is a linear dilution series made?

Answer 8

Combining equal volumes of the same stock with different volumes of a suitable solvent

Question 9

How is a log dilution series made?

Answer 9

Using successive dilutions as the new stock solution

Question 10

What’s a standard curve’s function?

Answer 10

Determining unknown concentration values.

Question 11

How to make a standard curve

Answer 11

Plot measured values for known concentrations and draw a line/curve to connect them all. Then determine your unknowns

Question 12

What’s the function of a buffer?

Answer 12

Reduces the effect of pH as a confounding variable

Question 13

How does a colorimeter quantify concentration?

Answer 13

Determining how much light has been absorbed by a coloured solution by using suitable wavelength filters.

Question 14

How does a colorimeter quantify turbidity?

Answer 14

By determining % transmission of light

Question 15

A centrifuge separates substances based on what?

Answer 15

Density

Question 16

How does a centrifuge separate substances based on density

Answer 16

More dense substances settle in the pellet. Less dense substances stay in the supernatent

Question 17

Paper and thin layer chromatography can separate substances like…

Answer 17

Amino acids and sugars

Question 18

The speed that each solute travels along the chromatogram depends on…

Answer 18

Its differing solubility in the solvent used

Question 19

In affinity chromatography, a specific matrix or gel column is made with what binding to it?

Answer 19

Specific molecules

Question 20

What happens to the soluble, target molecules during affinity chromatography?

Answer 20

They stay attached to their matrix/gel column

Question 21

What happens to the weaker, non target molecules in affinity chromatography?

Answer 21

They are washed out

Question 22

What is the principle of gel electrophoresis?

Answer 22

Separating proteins based on their size/shape

Question 23

In gel electrophoresis, charged macromolecules move through what?

Answer 23

An electric field attached to a gel matrix

Question 24

SDS page electrophoresis separates proteins based on what alone?

Answer 24

Size

Question 25

What happens surfing SDS page electrophoresis?

Answer 25

All molecules are given an equally negative charge and denatured