Agriculture

Question 1

CONTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURE TO ECONOMY

Answer 1

• Contributes 3.1% to GDP
• Produces food
• Develops infrastructure
• Employer of labour
• Supplies raw material to industries
• Exports earn foreign exchange

Question 2

Role of small and large scale farmers

Answer 2

Small - scale farmers:
• Can be subsistence and commercial
• Low farming production
• Part of the informal sector
• Will contribute to food security in future
Large - scale farmers:
• Predominantly commercial
• High farming production
• Contributes the most to the GDP

Question 3

Factors Favouring Farming

Answer 3

• High demand for products (market)
• Fertile flood prints
• High summer temperatures help crops grow
• Availability of labour
• Research

Question 4

Factors Hindering Farming

Answer 4

• Low rainfall
• Soil erosion
• Natural disasters - droughts
• Subsistence farming
• Pests decrease production

Question 5

Main Agricultural Products

Answer 5

• Fruit: Deciduous, Subtropical, Citrus
• Grains and seeds: Maize, Wheat, Oats, Sunflowers , Canola
• Livestocks: Beef, Mutton, Pork , Ostrich
• Sugar
• Dairy

Question 6

What is food security?

Answer 6

When all people have enough food to sustain a healthy lifestyle

Question 7

What is food Insecurity

Answer 7

When not all the people have enough food to sustain a healthy lifestyle.

Question 8

Agriculture?

Answer 8

The growing of crops and the rearing of livestock

Question 9

Arable Farming?

Answer 9

Cultivating the soil to grow crops

Question 10

Pastoral Farming?

Answer 10

rearing livestock (raising animals)

Question 11

Orchards and Vineyards?

Answer 11

Growing fruit trees and grapes

Question 12

Plantation Farming

Answer 12

growing trees

Question 13

Horticulture

Answer 13

Flower Farming

Question 14

Subsistence Farming

Answer 14

• Farming to provide food for the family, using basic techniques and primitive farming implements
• These farmers do not produce high yields

Question 15

Commercial Farming

Answer 15

Farming using the most modern farming methods and producing high-quality goods that are sold not only to the domestic market but also to the export market

Question 16

Monoculture

Answer 16

Growing of only one crop on a farm

Question 17

Cash crops

Answer 17

crops that are produced to be sold

Question 18

Extensive Farming

Answer 18

Large commercial farms with less input (capital and labour) in relation to land area and low yields per unit area

Eg: Maize, cattle and sheep farms

Question 19

Intensive Farming

Answer 19

small farms with high input (capital and labour) in relation to area of land and high yields per unit area

Question 20

Dual Agriculture

Answer 20

• South Africa has a dual agricultural economy
• It consists of two types of agriculture: subsistence farming and commercial farming
• Subsistence farming is found in the poor rural areas of the farmer homelands
• Commercial farming in the old ‘white’ farming areas of South Africa

Question 21

Dual Agriculture

Answer 21

• Result of colonialism and the apartheid era; infrastructure, such as water supply, power and transport in the poorer, subsistence farming areas is lacking
• This has had and continues to have negative impacts on agricultural production
• Commercial farmers have piped water and pivot irrigation, but many South African women and children spend hours walking to fetch water from a nearby stream and carrying home heavy bucket

Question 22

Contribution of Agriculture to the economy: Importance?

Answer 22

• Agricultural is vital to the South African economy as it provides food, raw materials for industries, employment, and valuable foreign exchange through exports. it also supports tertiary services, stimulates the growth pf small towns, and the quaternary sector through agricultural research