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Agriculture Flashcards

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1
Q

_______ of India’s population is engaged in agricultural activities.

A

Two-thirds

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2
Q

Agriculture is a ______ activity, which produces most of the ___ that we consume. Besides food grains, it also produces _________ for various _______.

A

primary
food
raw material
industries

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3
Q

Over these years, cultivation methods have changed significantly depending upon the characteristics of ______(1)______, _______(2)_______, and _______(3)_______.

A

(1) physical environment
(2) technological know-how
(3) socio-cultural practices

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4
Q

Describe the methods used in primitive subsistence farming.

A

This type of farming is still practised in few pockets of India.

Primitive subsistence agriculture is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks, and family/community labour.

This type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown.

It is a ‘slash and burn’ agriculture. Farmers clear a patch of land and produce cereals and other food crops to sustain their families. When the soil fertility decreases, the farmers shift and clear a fresh patch of land for cultivation. This type of shifting allows nature to replenish the fertility of the soil through natural processes.

Land productivity in this type of agriculture is low as the farmer does not use fertilisers or other modern inputs. It is known by different names in different parts of the country.

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5
Q

Primitive subsistence agriculture is practised on _____(1)_____ with the help of primitive tools like (2), (3) and ____(4)____, and ______(5)______.

A

(1) small patches of land
(2) hoe
(3) dao
(4) digging sticks
(5) family/community labour

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6
Q

Primitive subsistence farming depends upon __(1)__, _______(2)______ and suitability of other ______(3)______ to the crops grown.

A

(1) monsoon
(2) natural fertility of the soil
(3) environmental conditions

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7
Q

Primitive subsistence farming is also known as ______________.

A

‘slash and burn’ agriculture

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8
Q

In primitive subsistence farming, farmers clear a _____(1)______ and produce cereals and other food crops to sustain their families. When the ___(2)___ decreases, the farmers shift and _______(3)_______ for cultivation. This type of shifting allows nature to __________(4)___________ through natural processes. Land productivity in this type of agriculture is (5) as the farmer does not use ___(6)___ or other ___(7)___.

A

(1) patch of land
(2) soil fertility
(3) clear a fresh patch of land
(4) replenish the fertility of the soil
(5) low
(6) fertilizers
(7) modern inputs

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9
Q

Primitive subsistence farming is known as jhumming in what states?

A

It is jhumming in north-eastern states like Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland; Pamlou in Manipur, Dipa in Bastar district of Chhattishgarh, and in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

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10
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Mexico and Central America.

A

Milpa

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11
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Venezuela.

A

Conuco

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12
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Brazil.

A

Roca

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13
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in South Africa.

A

Masole

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14
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Indonesia.

A

Ladang

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15
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Vietnam.

A

Ray

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16
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Madhya Pradesh.

A

Bewar or dahiya

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17
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Andra Pradesh.

A

Podu or penda

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18
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Odisha.

A

Pama Dabi or Koman or Bringa

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19
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in the Western Ghats.

A

Kumari

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20
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in South-eastern Rajasthan.

A

Valre or Waltre

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21
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in the Himalayan belt.

A

Khil

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22
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in Jharkhand.

A

Kuruwa

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23
Q

Slash and burn agriculture is known as ______ in North-eastern states.

A

Jhumming

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24
Q

In which country/countries is slash and burn agriculture known as Milpa?

A

Mexico and Central America

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25
Q

In which country/countries is slash and burn agriculture known as Conuco?

A

Venezuela

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26
Q

In which country/countries is slash and burn agriculture known as Roca?

A

Brazil

27
Q

In which country/countries is slash and burn agriculture known as Masole?

A

South Africa

28
Q

In which country/countries is slash and burn agriculture known as Ladang?

A

Indonesia

29
Q

In which country/countries is slash and burn agriculture known as Ray?

A

Vietnam

30
Q

In which state/states is slash and burn agriculture known as Bewar or Dahiya?

A

Madhya Pradesh

31
Q

In which state/states is slash and burn agriculture known as Podu or Penda?

A

Andra Pradesh

32
Q

In which state/states is slash and burn agriculture known as Pama Dabi, Koman, or Bringa?

A

Odisha

33
Q

In which state/states is slash and burn agriculture known as Kumari?

A

Western Ghats

34
Q

In which state/states is slash and burn agriculture known as Valre or Waltre?

A

South-eastern Rajasthan

35
Q

In which state/states is slash and burn agriculture known as Khil?

A

Himalayan belt

36
Q

In which state/states is slash and burn agriculture known as Kuruwa?

A

Jharkhand

37
Q

In which state/states is slash and burn agriculture known as Jhumming

A

North-eastern states like Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland; Pamlou in Manipur, Dipa in Bastar district of Chhattishgarh, and in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

38
Q

Which type of farming is practised on same all patches of land with the help of primitive tools?

A

Primitive Subsistence Farming

39
Q

Which type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil, and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown?

A

Primitive Subsistence Farming

40
Q

Which type of farming is also known as slash and burn agriculture?

A

Primitive Subsistence Farming

41
Q

In which type of farming do farmers shift and clear a fresh patch of land for cultivation?

A

Primitive Subsistence Farming

42
Q

In which type of farming do farmers not use fertilizers or other modern inputs?

A

Primitive Subsistence Farming

43
Q

What kind of farming is intensive subsistence farming?

A

This type of farming is practiced in areas of high population pressure on land. It is labor-intensive farming, where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production. Though the ‘right of inheritance’ leading to the division of land among successive generations has rendered land-holding size uneconomical, the farmers continue to take the maximum output from the limited land in the absence of an alternative source of livelihood. Thus, there is enormous pressure on agricultural land.

44
Q

Intensive subsistence farming is practiced in areas of
_____(1)____ on land. It is _____(2)_____ farming, where high doses of _____(3)_____ and ___(4)___ are used for obtaining _____(5)_____.

A

(1) high population pressure
(2) labor-intensive
(3) biochemical inputs
(4) irrigation
(5) higher production

45
Q

Though the ‘right of inheritance’ leading to the __(1)__ of land among ______(2)______ has rendered land-holding size uneconomical, the farmers continue to take the ____(3)____ from the ___(4)___ in the absence of an ________(5)_______. Thus, there is ____(6)____ on agricultural land.

A

(1) division
(2) successive generations
(3) maximum output
(4) limited land
(5) alternative source of livelihood
(6) enormous pressure

46
Q

In which type of farming is farming practised in areas of high population pressure on land?

A

Intensive Subsistence Farming

47
Q

In which type of farming is farming labor-intensive, where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production?

A

Intensive Subsistence Farming

48
Q

In which type of farming do farmers continue to take

maximum output from the limited land in the absence of an alternative source of livelihood?

A

Intensive Subsistence Farming

49
Q

In which type of farming is there enormous pressure on

agricultural land?

A

Intensive Subsistence Farming

50
Q

Describe commercial farming.

A

The main characteristic of this type of farming is the use of higher doses of modern inputs, e.g. high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides in order to obtain higher productivity.

The degree of commercialization of agriculture varies from one region to another. For example, rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but in Odisha, it is a subsistence crop.

51
Q

What is plantation?

A

Plantation is a type of commercial farming. In this type of farming, a single crop is grown in a large area.

52
Q

How does plantation have an interface of agriculture and industry?

A

The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry. Plantations cover large tracts of land, using capital-intensive inputs, with the help of migrant laborers. All the produce is used as raw material in respective industries.

53
Q

In commercial farming, there is the use of higher doses of ____(1)___, e.g. _________(2)__________, _____(3)_____, ___(4)___, and ___(5)___ in order to obtain _______(6)_______.

A

(1) modern inputs
(2) high yielding variety (HYV) seeds
(3) chemical fertilizers
(4) insecticides
(5) pesticides
(6) higher productivity

54
Q

What does the degree of commercialisation of agriculture vary upon? Give an example.

A

The degree of commercialization of agriculture varies from one region to another. For example, rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but in Odisha, it is a subsistence crop.

55
Q

__________(1)__________ varies from one region to another. For example, __(2)__ is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but in Odisha, it is a _________(3)_________.

A

(1) The degree of commercialization of agriculture
(2) rice
(3) subsistence crop

56
Q

Rice is a commercial crop in __________, but in ______, it is a subsistence crop

A

Haryana and Punjab

Odisha

57
Q

In which type of farming is a single crop is grown on a large area?

A

Plantation

58
Q

The plantation has an interface of ____(1)____and ___(2)___. Plantations cover large tracts of land, using
_____(3)_____, with the help of ____(4)____. All the produce is used as ____(5)____ in respective __(6)__.

A 
agriculture 
industry
capital intensive inputs
migrant laborers
raw material
industries
59
Q

Give examples of plantation crops.

A

In India, tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana, etc.. are important plantation crops. Tea in Assam and North Bengal coffee in Karnataka are some of the important plantation crops grown in these states.

60
Q

In India, (1), __(2)__, __(3)__, ___(4)___, __(5)__, etc. are important plantation crops. __(6)__ in Assam and North Bengal, ___(7)__ in Karnataka are some of the important plantation crops grown in these states.

A

(1) tea
(2) coffee
(3) rubber
(4) sugarcane
(5) banana
(6) Tea
(7) coffee

61
Q

Tea in __(1)__ and ____(2)____, coffee in ___(3)___ are some of the important plantation crops grown in these states.

A

(1) Assam
(2) North Bengal
(3) Karnataka

62
Q

What is necessary for plantations and why?

A

Since the production is mainly for the market, a well-developed network of transport and communication connecting the plantation areas, processing industries, and markets play an important role in the development of plantations.

63
Q

Since the production is mainly for the __(1)__, a well-developed network of ___(2)___ and ____(3)_____ connecting the ____(4)____, processing ___(5)___, and ___(6)___ play an important role in the ____(7)____ of plantations.

A

(1) market
(2) transport
(3) communication
(4) plantation areas
(5) industries
(6) markets
(7) development

64
Q

India has __(1)__ cropping seasons — (2), __(3)__ and __(4)__.

A

(1) three
(2) rabi
(3) kharif
(4) zaid

Social Studies (3 decks)

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