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FINAL EXAMS > Agricultural Science > Flashcards

Agricultural Science Flashcards

1
Q

What animals did humans begin domesticating first

A

Dogs

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2
Q

What is one possible reason that pigs were domesticated

A

Pigs were utilized more in settled farming communities than in nomadic groups because they are Difficult to move For long distance

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3
Q

What traits did animals that were easier to domesticate have

A

Early people found animals that form large herds or flocks and eat a wide variety of feeds are easier to domesticate

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4
Q

when is an animal considered domesticated

A
  • they are kept for a distinct purpose
  • humans control their breeding
  • their survival depends on humans
  • they develop traits that are not found in the wild
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5
Q

Domestication allowed humans to have animals with appropriate temperament and a steady food supply. What else are animals used for?

A

Food, clothing, shelter, tools, etc

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6
Q

How did selective breeding take place

A

Selective breeding occurred as humans got rid of animals with undesirable traits, not allowing them to produce

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7
Q

Define cutability

A

Amount of lean meat

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8
Q

Which breed is known as the easiest-calving European.

A

Hereford

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9
Q

Why are Brahmin-influenced cattle very popular in the southern part of the United States

A

Heat tolerant

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10
Q

Wha Are the major dairy cattle breeds

A

Holstein, arryshire, shorthorn, Jersey, gernsey

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11
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of dairy production

A

Provide food and jobs/ large startup cost

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12
Q

What are the leading states and nations in their production, and what are the major export and import markets for the United States

A

Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota

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13
Q

What dairy breed produces the majority of milk in the United States today

A

Holstein

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14
Q

What dairy breed it is classified as one of the oldest breeds

A

Brown Swiss

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15
Q

What breed of dairy cattle produces milk that is slightly more golden in color than that of the other breeds today

A

Guernsey

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16
Q

What breed of dairy cattleis characterized as the most efficient producer in the world

A

Holstein

17
Q

What breed of dairy cattle is characterized as a dual purpose breed

A

Shorthorn

18
Q

What are the components of a corn seed

A

Kernal, Seed coat, embryo, endosperm, crown, hilum

19
Q

How did the characteristics of corn varieties compare

A

Cultivated plant within a species it that shows significant difference from other plants retains its features when reproduced

20
Q

How are hybrid corns selected

A

Hybrid is an offspring from genetically different parents

21
Q

What are the nutrient requirements

A

More nutrients than most other crops

22
Q

How is the proper amount of fertilizer calculated

A

To yield 150 bushels per acre, a corn crop will require 170 pounds of N, 35 pounds of P205, and 175 pounds of K20

23
Q

What are the developmental stages of a corn plant

A

Vegetative/ reproductive

Vegetative comes before reproductive

24
Q

What factors affect each stage

A

Different factors affect each stage

25
Q

In what order do you think animals were domesticated

A

Sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, horses, chickens

26
Q

What are the major steps are involved in the processing of animal carcasses

A

Kill, drain blood, freeze

27
Q

What are the physical and chemical compositions of meat products

A

Amount, vitamins and minerals

28
Q

What are the nutritional values of meat products

A

Vitamins and minerals

29
Q

What is the beef grading system

A

Choice, select, prime

30
Q

What are the leading states and nations and beef production, and what are the major export and import markets for the United States

A

Texas, North Carolina, Iowa

31
Q

Which breed of cattle has the largest worldwide bread registry

A

Angus

32
Q

define marbling

A

Desirable presence of fat in muscle

33
Q

Two positive traits of Hereford cattle

A

Polled, dosile, a lot of meat

34
Q

Name two positive traits of shorthorn cattle

A

Dual purpose breed, climate tolerant

35
Q

Name at least four of the European breeds of cattle

A

Charolias, angus, Hereford, arryshire,

36
Q

Why is the charolais breed popular in cross breeding programs

A

Large muscling for larger cuts of meat

FINAL EXAMS (3 decks)

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