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agri Flashcards

1
Q

what is demand

A

demand refers to the quantity of produce that the consumer is willing to buy at a given time and price

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2
Q

what is the law of demand

A

the lower the price the higher the quantity demanded

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3
Q

factors affecting demand

A

prices
change in taste/fashion
change in season
change in income
change in prices of other commodities
advertisement of products
taxes

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4
Q

what is supply

A

supply refers to the quantity offered for sale at a variety of prices at any particular time

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5
Q

what is the law of supply

A

the higher the price the greater the quantity supplied

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6
Q

factors affecting supply

A

weather
taxation
effects of the weather
change in cost of production
changes of techniques in production
producer consumers more of their own products

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7
Q

what is elasticity

A

elasticity measures how responsive the market forces of supply and demand are in to changes in price

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8
Q

what is an equilibrium point

A

where the demand curve meets the supply curve it forms an equilibrium point

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9
Q

the law of diminishing return

A

if one factor is held fixed but additional units are added to it, eventually the additional output resulting from an increase of one unit of varying factor becomes smaller and smaller

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10
Q

input versus output

A

input refers to the resources that are used during the process of farm production while output refers to the main measure of individual crops and livestock output

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11
Q

five requirements needed to access an agricultural loan

A

budget
collateral
credit history
employment status
project proposal

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12
Q

what is tillage

A

refers to the breaking up of the soil surface and incorporating organic matter

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13
Q

difference between primary and secondary tillage

A

primary tillage is the first breaking of the soil while secondary tillage is the refining of soil

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14
Q

two primary tillage implements

A

disc plough
Moul board plough

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15
Q

two secondary tillage implements

A

disc harrow
rotoration

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16
Q

what is a cell

A

a cell is the basic structure of all living organism

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17
Q

cell membrane

A

surrounds the living material of a cell, controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

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18
Q

cytoplasm

A

contains many small organelles in which metabolic activities take place

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19
Q

nucleus

A

controls the activities of the cell and contains chromosomes that carry genetic info

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20
Q

cell wall

A

supports the living material& gives the cell a rigid shape

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21
Q

vacuole

A

stores water& dissolved substances

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22
Q

chloroplasts

A

organelles in which photosynthesis takes place& food is manufactured

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23
Q

cell division

A

refers to the information of new cells. it occurs when parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells

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24
Q

two types of cell division

A

mitosis and meiosis

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25
what is mitosis
mitosis is when a cells divides to create two identical daughter cells
26
two cells that divide by mitosis
skin cells and stomach cells
27
interphase
cells prepare to divide by replicating DNA
28
prophase
chromosomes are thick and condense
29
metaphase
chromosomes align neatly in the center of the cell
30
anaphase
sister chromatids are pulled to the opposite poles of the cell by spindles
31
telophase
a membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to create two new nuclei
32
cytokinesis
the cells split into two identical daughter cells
33
what is genetics
genetics is the study of genes and heredity
34
what are genes
the basic unit of heredity which are passed on from parents to offspring
35
difference between a dominant trait and a recessive trait
dominant trait is always expressed while a recessive trait is mostly hidden
36
homozygous
an organism that has the two copies of the same trait eg:"TT"
37
heterozygous
an organism that has one copy of two different alleles eg:"Tt"
38
beef cattle jamaica red(cow)
was developed in Jamaica, it was created by another breed of cattle called the red poll. the Jamaica red also possess genes from the zebu which are known for the ability to resist heat
39
barbados blackbelly(sheep)
developed in Barbados descended from sheep brought to the island from West Africa
39
animals belonging to this breed (jamaica red)
dark medium red in colour weigh an average of 600kg (cows) & 1000 kg(bulls) are polled
39
Charolais(cow)
originated in west-central to south-eastern France where they were used for draught,milk and meat
39
charolais breed
are white weigh 568-909kg (cow) and 909-1136kg (bulls) are horned used for beef production
39
buffalypso(cow)
water buffalo that was specially bred in Trinidad& Tobago for meat production
39
buffalypso breed
mostly black or brown have small flat horns that grow backwards, upwards, inwards with slightly pointed tips
40
barbados blackbelly breed
coat of medium to thick hair polled used for meat production one of the most fertile sheep breeds in the world
40
blackhead Persian(sheep)
developed in South Africa from fat rumped sheep. it found its way to the Caribbean several years ago
40
blackhead Persian breed
well adapted to humid tropical climate black head, feet and neck with white body are polled used for meat production
41
west african(sheep)
found in the caribbean, venezuela and colombia
42
west african breed
reddish brown used for meat production not as fertile as blackbelly sheep
43
british alphine(goat)
developed in britain
44
british alphine breed
are medium to heavy milk producers best suitable to temperature climates medium to large white marking
45
anglo-nubian (goat)
named after nubia
46
anglo-nubian breed
dual purpose diary goat breed variable coat colour including black
47
Saanen(goat)
originated in Switzerland
48
saanen breed
heavy milk producers largest of all diary goat breed medium to large may or may not have horns at birth
49
toggenburg
originated in switzerland has been exported throughout the world
50
toggenburg breed
high milk producer light reddish brown to dark chocolate in colour performs best in cool condition
51
large white (pig)
british breed pig more popular breed
52
large white breed
white in colour with pink skins erect ears used to help improve other pig breed
53
landrace (pig)
comprises many types
54
landrace breed
white in colour long snouts heavy dropping ears
55
duroc(pig)
north american breed
56
duroc breed
dropping ears aggressive used for meat production
57
hampshire(pig)
considered to be an american breed
58
hampshire breed
erect ear mild disposition excellent meat production
59
tamworth (pigs)
british breed, has its origin in ireland
60
tamworth breed
range in colour from golden red to dark red erect pointed ear used for meat production
61
jersey cattle
originated on jersey have light brown coat black nose with white muzzle excellent milk producers can tolerate heat
62
holstein
originated in europe in the netherlands patterns of black and white or red and white highest milk production used for meat production
63
jamaica hope
developed in jamaica work on this breed started in 1910 80% jersey 15% zebu 5% holstein high milk production brow in colour tolerate external parasites

Physics (8 decks)

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