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Course 5 (Neuro/Aging/Special Senses) > Aging Pharmacology > Flashcards

Aging Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is polypharmacy?

A

Polypharmacy: the administration of many drugs together or the administration of excessive medication

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2
Q

What are the common interactions with Warfarin (8As)?

A

Antibiotics, Antifungals, Antidepressants, Antiplatelet agents, Amiodarone, Anti-inflammatories, Acetaminophen, and Alternative agents (herbals).

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3
Q

What is a drug-drug interaction?

A

Modification of effect of a drug when administered with another drug (could be good or bad)

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4
Q

What is a drug-disease interaction?

A

Exacerbation of a disease by a drug given for another reason

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5
Q

What is a prescribing cascade?

A

A prescribing cascade is when an adverse drug reaction is misinterpreted as a new medical condition.

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6
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

  • Drug Class
  • Indication and Dose
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: thiazide diuretic
Indication and dose: hypertension, CHF, 12.5-25 mg daily
Common side effects: orthostatic HTN, hyperglycaemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hyperuricemia

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7
Q

Ramipril

  • Drug class
  • Indication and Dose
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: ACEi
Indication and dose: HTN, CHF, 2.5-10 mg daily
Common side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, renal dysfunction, cough

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8
Q

Oxycodone

  • Drug class
  • Indication and Dose
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: opioid analgesic
Indication and dose: moderate to severe pain, immediate release: 5-10mg q4-6hrs as needed
Common side effects: dizziness, sedation, weakness, constipation

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9
Q

Flurazepam

  • Drug class
  • Indication and Dose
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: Benzodiazepine
Indication and dose: insomnia (short term treatment), 15 mg at hs
Common side effects: drowsiness, memory impairment, weakness, falls

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10
Q

Allopurinol

  • Drug class
  • Indication and Dose
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Indication and dose: Gout, 100-300 mg daily
Common side effects: rash, diarrhea, nausea, acute attack of gout

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11
Q

Naproxen

  • Drug class
  • Indication and Dose
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: NSAID
Indication and dose: acute and chronic RA and OA, mild to moderate pain, 500-1000mg/day in 2 divided doses
Common side effects: fluid retention, hypertension, renal dysfunction, gastritis/GI ulceration

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12
Q

Haloperidol

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: antipsychotic
Indication: schizophrenia, psychosis or severe agitation in delirium or dementia
Side effects: extrapyramidal effects (Parkinsonims, tar dive dyskinesia, dystonia, akathisia), sedation, orthostatic hypotension, neuroleptic, malignant syndrome, increased risk of death in older adults with dementia

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13
Q

Levodopa/Carbidopa

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: antiparkinsonian agent
Indication: Parkinson’s disease or related disorders
Side effects: nausea, orthostatic hypotension, hallucinations

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14
Q

Warfarin

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: anticoagulant
Indication: prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic disorders
Side effects: bleeding

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15
Q

Oxybutynin

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: anticholinergic, antispasmodic
Indication: urge urinary incontinence
Side effects: cognitive impairment, dry mouth, dry eyes, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention

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16
Q

Tamsulosin hydrochloride

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: alpha 1 adrenoceptor blocking agent
Indication: BPH
Side effects: orthostatic hypotension

17
Q

St John’s Wart

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: herbal
Indication: mild to moderate depression
Side effects: mild drowsiness, multiple drug-drug interactions

18
Q

Amitriptyline

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: TCA, anticholinergic
Indication: depression, neuropathic pain
Side effects: conduction abnormalities, cognitive impairment, dry mouth, dry eyes, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention

19
Q

Ciprofloxacin

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: fluoroquinolone
Indication: infections caused by susceptible bacteria
Side effects: nausea

20
Q

Digoxin

  • Drug class
  • Indication
  • Common Side Effects
A

Drug class: cardiac glycoside
Indication: atrial fibrillation, CHF
Side effects: arrhythmia, nausea, anorexia

Course 5 (Neuro/Aging/Special Senses) (2 decks)

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