Aging and The Multicultural Community Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is culture
- the sum total way of living
- includes beliefs, values, standards, language, thinking patterns, behaviors
Manifestations of culture
- religion
- ethnicity (race)
- language
- gender
- age
- education
- educational status
- mobility and disability
How does culture express itself in health care?
-define and categorize health and illness
-offer explanatory models for illness, disabilities, and plan for recovery
-defines the specific scope of practice for healers
-may partially explain disparities in health service delivery
(age, sex, who gets immediate response?)
In the US minority populations lag behind the euro population on a number of key health indicators including:
- health care coverage
- access to health care
- life expectancy
- acute and chronic disease states
Common barriers to providing culturally sensitive health care include:
- underestimation of need for service
- lack of appreciation for cultural belief differences related to illness, suffering, and dying
- language and other communication barriers
What will help eliminate these disparities?
-culturally healthcare guidelines
what does it mean to be culturally competent
-being aware that the beliefs, practices, habits, likes, dislikes, norms, customs, rituals, and experiences make each patient who they are
Why be culturally competent?
-many cultures populate our country
-important to understand impact of backgrounds on health delivery
-ITS THE LAW!
(Civil Rights Act 1964)
(Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act)
(Medicaid)
(Medicare)
Personal space
space around themselves
territoriality
-areas people claim and defend when encroached upon
intimate zone
1.5 ft=private place
personal distance
1.5-4 ft extension of self
social distance
4-12 ft, impersonal business transactions
public distance
> 12 ft impersonal
Cultural observations
- time orientation
- touch
- privacy
- communication style
culture of western medicine
- make it better (meliorism)
- dominance over nature, take control
- activism
- timeliness
- therapeutic aggressiveness, stronger=better
- future orientation-plan, newer=better
- standardization- treat similar the same
4 dimensions of culture
- context
- power distance
- collectivism vs individualism
- co residence norms
- masculinity
low context vs high context
LOW: some cultures give words great importance, regardless of who, when, or where, context is less important, most information is explicitly spelled out (US, england, and other northern european cultures)
HIGH: other cultures interpret feelings and ideas without words, information is inferred from the context of the message
power distance
- degree of hierarchy in a culture
- extent to which people within a society share power and control
- in a high power culture some people are seen as having inherently greater status
- people within a culture agree to defer to those people with high power distance
- age is power in many japanese cultures
collectivism vs individualism
collectivism: believe in maintaining harmony between individuals, supporting social relationships and valuing success of the group over the individual (east asian, central american)
individualism: believe in individual success, expressing oneself and becoming an individual (north americans of european origin)
co-residence norms
- in some cultures it may be typical for multiple generations of families to live together in a single residence
- coresidence is associated with daily contact and a more established intergenerational relationship
masculinity
in masculine cultures:
- fathers=facts, mothers=feelings
- girls cry, boys fight back
- taboo speaking about sex
- migrants should assimilate
in feminine cultures:
- fathers and mothers handle facts and feelings
- boy and girls might cry, but should not fight
- explicitness about sex
machismo
men have sacred role, term used in latin cultures to indicate maleness, virility, and the mans role as provider and protector
marianismo
derived from cult of virgin mary in that women are seen as morally and spiritually superior and capable of enduring greater suffering
