Aggression Flashcards
How many potential 16 markers could come up for this, and what are they?
10
Outline and evaluate the role of neural and hormonal mechanisms in aggression.
Outline and evaluate the role of Genetic factors in aggression.
Outline and evaluate the Ethological explanation of aggression.
Describe and evaluate the Evolutionary explanations of human aggression
Discuss the Social Learning Theory of aggression
Describe and evaluate research into the effects of Frustration Aggression Hypothesis as an explanation for aggression
Discuss de-individualisation as an explanation on human aggression
Discuss the effect of media on aggression
Describe and evaluate research into the effects of computer game research on aggression
Discuss explanations of institutional aggression in the context of prisons
Outline the role of neural and hormonal mechanisms in aggression.
Neural :
Reduced amygdala size (lambic system)
Damaged prefrontal cortex
Abnormal levels of serotonin (usually less)
Hormonal:
Testosterone
Evaluate the role of neural and hormonal mechanisms in aggression.
Neural:
+ Practical Application for Alcoholism and Aggression in terms of Serotonin
+ Research support for the effect of the amygdala on Aggression
+ Research support for role of serotonin on Aggression.
Hormonal:
+ Research Support for Effect of Testosterone on Aggression
Outline the role of Genetic factors in aggression.
Adoption Studies
- significant positive correlation
Twin Studies
- 50%
MAOA Gene
- x chromosome
- inactivates amine activity
- warrior gene is a mutation that lowers MAO production / amine activity increases / leads to aggression (increased noraadrenaline = fight or flight = high bp)
Evaluate the role of Genetic factors in aggression.
Adoption:
_
Twin Studies
- Equal Environment Assumption
MAOA
+ Explains gender differences in terms of Aggression
+ Support found from family studies
- Reductionist, environment effects also
Outline the Ethological explanation of aggression.
Ritualistic Behaviour / Appeasement Display
Innate Releasing Mechanism
Fixed Action Patterns
- Stereotyped
- Universal
- Unaffected by learning
- Ballistic
- Single purpose
Evaluate the Ethological explanation of aggression.
+ Benefits of Ritualised Aggression
+ Ritualistic Behaviour/Appeasement Display not always the case
- Criticism of FAP (some variations within species)
- Cultural Differences in Aggression
Describe the Evolutionary explanations of human aggression
Sexual Jealousy
- cuckoldry
Mate Retention Strategies
- Direct Guarding
- Negative Inducements
Bullying
Evaluate the Evolutionary explanations of human aggression
+ Support for mate retention studies
- twice as likely …
+ Practical Applications (therapy / providing other outlets / ads)
+ Explains Gender Differences
X Alternatve Explainations - SLT
Describe the Social Learning Theory of aggression
Direct Reinforcement
Vicarious Reinforcement
Bandura
Evaluate the Social Learning Theory of aggression
+ support from bandura
+ Supporting research – identification *
+ support from cultural differences
X Alternative explanation – Biological/Hormonal Explanations *
Describe research into the effects of Frustration aggression Hypothesis as an explanation for aggression
Hypothesis
- cathartic
Displacement when object of frustration is:
- unavailable
- abstract
- too powerful
Evaluate research into the effects of Frustration aggression Hypothesis as an explanation for aggression
+ research support - (jigsaw)
- Aggression is not cathartic
X Role of Environmental Cues - Revenge Shock Study *
- different types of frustrations have less effect - less aggressive if justifiable (origami)
.
Outline de-individualisation as an explanation on human aggression
Crowd Behaviour
Effect on self awareness
- private
- public
Evaluate de-individualisation as an explanation on human aggression
+ support from online anonymity
+ support from culture and battle suits
+ research from Zimbardo (female scientists)
- social roles have a role also
