agents used to treat hyperlipidemias Flashcards
hyperlipidemia
defect in lipid transport system that provides cholesterol and triglycerides to the cell.
hyperlipidemia leads to what
increase risk for coronary artery disease
increase risk of plaque formation in vascular
increase risk of pancreatits
increase risk of xanthoma
LDL stands for what
low density lipoprotein
how much LDL should you have
<100 mg/DL
secondary hyperlipoproteinemias
environmental causes
alcholoism- cirrhosis
diabetes- nephrosis
primary hyperlipoproteinemias.
genetic abnormalities decrease in lipoprotein lipase abnormal LDL receptors overproduction of VLDL decrease in HDL synthesis
treatment of hyperlipidemias
non-pharmacologic- diet, weight loss, aerobic exercise, stop smoking
also pharmacologic
decreasing fats in diet = decrease in what
cholesterol
pharmacologic treatment of hyperlipidemias
decrease production of lipoproteins
decrease absorption
increase removal of lipoproteins
(all effective with oral admin)
what is the most effective LDL lowering agent?
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors- lovastatin, “statin”s
lovastatin mech of action
prodrug
HMG CoA reductase- rate limiting step in cell synthesis of cholesterol
if cells can’t make any of their own cholesterol what happens?
find another way to get more LDL- increase LDL receptors of the cell = increase in LDL uptake (25%- 60%).
SE of lovastatin
- myositis (muscle pain) -> rhabdomyolysis (total breakdown of muscle)
- liver toxicity
- teratogenic pregnancy category X
- some memory loss
fats go into the gut and come out as _____ containing _____ and _____
chylomicrons, triglycerides, cholesterol
fate of chylomicrons
- lipoprotein lipase convert to free fatty acids that go to the cell
- remnants go to liver
chylomicrons remnants in the liver and do 2 things
- bind with apolipoprotein B and make VLDL
2. relased from liver as bile acids into the gut
liver also produces _____ that is ultimately reabsorbed by it
HDL
fate of VLDL
lipoprotein lipase takes of triglycerides = IDL,
Lplipase takes off more stuff = LDL