Agency Flashcards

1
Q

_______ is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

Agency

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2
Q

Agency is the ________ __________ that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

fiduciary relationship

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3
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that ______ ______ one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

arises when

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4
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when ____ _______ (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

one person

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5
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (___ ________) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

a principal

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6
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) ________ _______ to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

manifests assent

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7
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent ___ ________ (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

to another

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8
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (___ _______) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

an agent

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9
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the ____ _____ _____ on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

agent shall act

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10
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the _______ _______ and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

principal’s behalf

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11
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and _______ ____ ____ _______ ______, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

subject to the principal’s control

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12
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the _____ _______ ________ or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

agent manifests assent

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13
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or ______ ________ so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

otherwise consents

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14
Q

Agency is the fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents ___ ___ _____. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

A

so to act

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15
Q

Agency is the:

A

fiduciary relationship that arises when one person (a principal) manifests assent to another (an agent) that the agent shall act on the principal’s behalf and subject to the principal’s control, and the agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.01.

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16
Q

Under this ____ ingredient test, all ______ elements (mutual assent; to act on the principal’s behalf; subject to the principal’s control) must be present.

A

3

3

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17
Q

Under this 3 _______ _____ all three ______ (mutual assent; to act on the principal’s behalf; subject to the principal’s control) must be present.

A

ingredient test

elements

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18
Q

Under this 3 ingredient test, all three elements (_____ _______; to act on the principal’s behalf; subject to the principal’s control) must be present.

A

mutual assent

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19
Q

Under this three- ingredient test, all three elements (mutual assent; ____ ___ ___ ____ _____ ______; subject to the principal’s control) must be present.

A

to act on the principal’s behalf

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20
Q

Under this three- ingredient test, all three elements (mutual assent; to act on the principal’s behalf; _____ ____ ___ _____ ______) must be present.

A

subject to the principal’s control

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21
Q

Under this three- ingredient test, all three elements (mutual assent; to act on the principal’s behalf; subject to the principal’s control) ____ ____ _____.

A

must be present

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22
Q

Both the ______ and the ______ must assent to the arrangement.

A

principal and the agent

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23
Q

Both the principal and the agent must ______ to the ________.

A

assent to the arrangement

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24
Q

_______ may be manifested through written or spoken word or through other conduct. RSTMT 3rd of Agency § 1.03.

A

assent

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25
Q

Assent ____ ____ manifested through written or spoken word or through other conduct. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.03.

A

may be

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26
Q

Assent may be manifested through _______ or _______ ______ or through _______ ______. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.03.

A

written or spoken word or through other conduct

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27
Q

Assent may be:

A

manifested through written or spoken word or through other conduct. RSTMT 3rd of Agency §1.03.

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28
Q

Additionally, the ____ _____ that one party benefits from another’s action is not sufficient to show a principal-agent relationship existed. See Yost v. Wabash College.

A

mere fact

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29
Q

Additionally, the mere fact that _____ ____ benefits from another’s action is not sufficient to show a principal-agent relationship existed. See Yost v. Wabash college.

A

one party

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30
Q

Additionally, the mere fact that one party ______ _______ another’s action is not sufficient to show a principal-agent relationship existed. See Yost v. Wabash college.

A

benefits from

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31
Q

Additionally, the mere fact that one party benefits from ______ ________ is not sufficient to show a principal-agent relationship existed. See Yost v. Wabash college.

A

another’s action

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32
Q

Additionally, the mere fact that one party benefits from another’s action ___ ___ _______ to show a principal-agent relationship existed. See Yost v. Wabash college.

A

is not sufficient

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33
Q

Additionally, the mere fact that one party benefits from another’s action is not sufficient ___ ___ ____ principal-agent relationship existed. See Yost v. Wabash college.

A

to show a

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34
Q

Additionally, the mere fact that one party benefits from another’s action is not sufficient to show a ______ _____ ______ _______. See Yost v. Wabash college.

A

principal-agent relationship existed

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35
Q

Finally, the _____ ________ ability for one to control the other is not sufficient; the principal must exercise actual control. See United States v. Bonds; Yost.

A

mere hypothetical

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36
Q

Finally, the mere hypothetical ability for _____ to ______ the _______ is not sufficient; the principal must exercise actual control. See United States v. Bonds; Yost.

A

one to control the other

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37
Q

Finally, the mere hypothetical ability for one to control the other ____ ____ ______; the principal must exercise actual control. See United States v. Bonds; Yost.

A

is not sufficient

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38
Q

Finally, the mere hypothetical ability for one to control the other is not sufficient; the ______ must exercise actual control. See United States v. Bonds; Yost.

A

principal

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39
Q

Finally, the mere hypothetical ability for one to control the other is not sufficient; the principal _____ _______ ____ _______. See United States v. Bonds; Yost.

A

must exercise actual control

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40
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor

________ v. __________

A

agent v. non-agent

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41
Q

_________ v. _______ _____

agent v. non-agent

A

employee v. independent contractor

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42
Q

Generally, all _______ are _______, but not all _______ are _______.

A

employees are agents

agents are employees

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43
Q

There is no firm definition of _________ under the Restatement (Third) of Agency.

A

employee

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44
Q

There is no _____ _______ of employee under the Restatement (Third) of Agency.

A

firm definition

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45
Q

The central consideration is the ______ of the _______ to control the conduct of the employee.

A

right of the employer

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46
Q

The central consideration is the right of the employer to _______ the _______ of the employee.

A

control the conduct

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47
Q

The central consideration is the right of the employer to control the conduct of the ________.

A

employee

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48
Q

There is no firm definition of “employee” under the Restatement (Third) of Agency. The central consideration is:

A

the right of the employer to control the conduct of the employee.

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49
Q

__________ of “continuing relationship” and a continuing set of duties that employers and employees owe to one another.

A

contemplation

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50
Q

Contemplation of _______ _______ and a continuing set of duties that employers and employees owe to one another.

A

continuing relationship

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51
Q

Contemplation of continuing relationship and a ______ ____ ___ _____ that employers and employees owe to one another.

A

continuing set of duties

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52
Q

Contemplation of continuing relationship and a continuing set of duties that ______ and _______ owe to one another.

A

employers and employees

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53
Q

________ retained as the need arises generally are not employees.

A

agents

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54
Q

Agents ______ as the need arises generally are not employees.

A

retained

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55
Q

Agents retained as the _____ ______ generally are not employees.

A

need arises

56
Q

Agents retained as the need arises generally are not _________.

A

employees

57
Q

Agents retained as the need arises generally are not employees.

However, an _______ ______ can still be an agent for some purposes.

A

independent contractor

58
Q

A _____ ____ ____ can be applied to determine if an agent is an employee or an independent contractor.

A

factor-based test

59
Q

A factor-based test can be applied to determine if an agent is an ______ or an ______ _______.

A

employee or independent contractor

60
Q

The _______ ______ in determining whether a party is an employee versus an independent contractor is the extent of the control exerted by the employer.

A

essential factor

61
Q

The essential factor in ________ ______ a party is an employee versus an independent contractor is the extent of the control exerted by the employer.

A

determining whether

62
Q

The essential factor in determining whether a ______ is an ________ versus an ________ _____ is the extent of control exerted by the employer.

A

party

employee

independent contractor

63
Q

The essential factor in determining whether a party is an employee versus an independent contractor is the ______ ___ _____ ______ by the ________.

A

extent of control exerted by the employer.

64
Q

If the _______ has significant control over the details of how the work is performed, the agent is more likely to be considered an employee.

A

principal

65
Q

If the principal has _______ _______ over the details of how the work is performed, the agent is more likely to be considered an employee.

A

significant control

66
Q

If the principal has significant control over the _______ of ______ the _____ is _______, the agent is more likely to be considered an employee.

A

details of how the work is performed

67
Q

If the principal has significant control over the details of how the work is performed, the _____ is more likely to be considered an ________.

A

agent

employee

68
Q

On the other hand, if the ______ only has control over the result of the work and not the means by which it is achieved, the agent is more likely to be classified as an independent contractor.

A

principal

69
Q

On the other hand, if the principal only has control over the _______ of the _______ and not the means by which it is achieved, the agent is more likely to be classified as an independent contractor.

A

result of the work

70
Q

On the other hand, if the principal only has control over the result of the work and not the ______ by which it is ________, the agent is more likely to be classified as an independent contractor.

A

means by which it is achieved

71
Q

On the other hand, if the principal only has control over the result of the work and not the means by which it is achieved, the _____ is more likely to be classified as an ________ ________.

A

agent

independent contractor

72
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1. ?
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

A

The extent of the control exerted by the employer

73
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2. ?
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

A
  1. Whether the one employed is engaged in a distinct occupation
74
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2.
3. ?
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

A
  1. Whether the work is normally done under the supervision of an employer
75
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2.
3.
4. ?
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

A
  1. The skill required
76
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. ?
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

A

Whether the employer supplied the tools or instrumentalities

77
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. ?
7.
8.
9.
10.

A
  1. The length of time employed
78
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. ?
8.
9.
10.

A
  1. Whether payment is by time or by the job
79
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. ?
9.
10.

A
  1. Whether the work is in the regular business of the employer
80
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. ?
10.

A
  1. The subjective intent of the parties
81
Q

Employee v. Independent Contractor
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. ?

A
  1. Whether the employer is or is not in business
82
Q

According to the Restatement (Third) of Agency, the factor considered less critical in determining whether someone is an employee or an independent contractor is whether the one employed is _______ ___ _________. See United States v. Bonds.

A

working for compensation.

83
Q

According to the Restatement (Third) of Agency, the factor considered ______ ______ in determining whether someone is an employee or an independent contractor is whether the one employed is working for compensation. See United States v. Bonds.

A

less critical

84
Q

+ Case: United States v. Bonds

Court found no principal-agent relationship between Anderson and bonds. Anderson = independent contractor. Anderson was not acting as an agent of Bonds in delivering the samples. No manifestation of mutual assent.
!!

A

!!

85
Q

_______ ____ ______: A purported principal and agent cannot immunize their liability to third parties by placing their relationship outside agency liability via the language of the contract; fact based inquiry.

A

Disclaimers in contracts

86
Q

Disclaimers in Contracts: A _______ _______ and ______ cannot immunize their liability to third parties by placing their relationship outside agency liability via the language of the contract; fact based inquiry.

A

purported principal and agent

87
Q

Disclaimers in Contracts: A purported principal and agent _______ _______ their liability to third parties by placing their relationship outside agency liability via the language of the contract; fact based inquiry.

A

cannot immunize

88
Q

Disclaimers in Contracts: A purported principal and agent cannot immunize their ________ to ______ _____ by placing their relationship outside agency liability via the language of the contract; fact based inquiry.

A

liability to third parties

89
Q

Disclaimers in Contracts; A purported principal and agent cannot immunize their liability to third parties by placing their _________ ________ agency liability via the language of the contract; fact based inquiry.

A

relationship outside

90
Q

Disclaimers in Contracts: A purported principal and agent cannot immunize their liability to third parties by placing their relationship outside _____ ______ via the language of the contract; fact based inquiry.

A

agency liability

91
Q

Disclaimers in Contracts: A purported principal and agent cannot immunize their liability to third parties by placing their relationship outside agency liability via the ______ of the ______; fact based inquiry.

A

language of the contract

92
Q

If it looks, sounds, and acts like a ______ ____ ______, it is a ______ ____ ______, no matter how the parties have labeled it.

A

principal-agent relationship

principal-agent relationship

93
Q

The _____ owes the ______ a general fiduciary duty to act in the principal’s benefit in all matters connected with the agency relationship. Agents owe fiduciary duties to their principals immediately.

A

agent owes the principal

94
Q

The agent owes the principal a ______ _____ _____ to act in the principal’s benefit in all matters connected with the agency relationship. Agents owe fiduciary duties to their principals immediately.

A

general fiduciary duty

95
Q

The agent owes the principal a general fiduciary duty to _____ in the ________ _______ in all matters connected with the agency relationship. Agents owe fiduciary duties to their principals immediately.

A

act in the principal’s benefit

96
Q

The agent owes the principal a general fiduciary duty to act in the principal’s benefit in all ______ ______ with the ________ _______. Agents owe fiduciary duties to their principals immediately.

A

matters connected with the agency relationship

97
Q

The agent owes the principal general fiduciary duty to act in the principal’s behalf in all matters connected with the agency relationship. _______ owe _______ _____ to their _______ immediately.

A

Agents owe fiduciary relationship to their principals

98
Q

The agent owes the principal a general fiduciary duty to act in the principal’s behalf in all matters connected with the agency relationship. Agents owe fiduciary relationship to their principals _________.

A

immediately.

99
Q

The ______ owes the ______ the duties of loyalty to refrain from competing, misappropriating, breaching confidence, or acting adversely against or inconsistently with promoting the employer’s best interest.

A

agent owes the principal

100
Q

The agent owes the principal the ______ ___ _____ to refrain from competing, misappropriating, breaching confidence, or acting adversely against or inconsistently with promoting the employer’s best interest.

A

duties of loyalty

101
Q

The agent owes the principal the duties of loyalty to refrain from __________, _________, breaching confidence, or acting adversely against or inconsistently with promoting the employer’s best interest.

A

competing

misappropriating

102
Q

The agent owes the principal the duties of loyalty to refrain from competing, misappropriating, _______ _______ or _______ ________ against or inconsistently with promoting the employer’s best interest.

A

breaching confidence or acting adversely

103
Q

The agent owes the principal the duties of loyalty to refrain from competing, misappropriating, breaching confidence or acting adversely _______ or ________ with promoting the employer’s best interest.

A

against or inconsistently

104
Q

The agent owes the principal the duties of loyalty to refrain from competing, misappropriating, breaching confidence or acting adversely against or inconsistently with _______ the ______ ____ _____.

A

promoting the employer’s best interest.

105
Q

________ ________ are generally enforceable so long as they are “reasonable”. Non- compete agreements must be limited in time (3 years or less), limited in space (sensible geographic boundaries), and limited in scope of work.

A

Non-compete Agreements

106
Q

Non-compete agreements are generally ___________ so long as they are “reasonable”. Non- compete agreements must be limited in time (3 years or less), limited in space (sensible geographic boundaries), and limited in scope of work.

A

enforceable

107
Q

Non-compete agreements are generally enforceable so long as they are _________. Non- compete agreements must be limited in time (3 years or less), limited in space (sensible geographic boundaries), and limited in scope of work.

A

reasonable

108
Q

Non-compete agreements are generally enforceable so long as they are reasonable. Non-compete agreements ________ ______ limited in time (3 years or less), limited in space (sensible geographic boundaries), and limited in scope of work.

A

must be

109
Q

Non-compete agreements are generally enforceable so long as they are reasonable. Non-compete agreements must be
1. ?
2.
3.

A

limited in time (3 years or less)

110
Q

Non-compete agreements are generally enforceable so long as they are reasonable. Non-compete agreements must be
1.
2. ?
3.

A

limited in space (sensible geographic boundaries)

111
Q

_________ are generally the only thing that can extend the duty of loyalty.

A

non-competes

112
Q

Non-compete agreements are generally enforceable so long as they are reasonable. Non-compete agreements must be
1.
2.
3. ?

A
  1. limited in scope of work
113
Q

Non-competes are generally the only thing that can extend the ____ _____ _____.

A

duty of loyalty

114
Q

The ______ also owes the ________ a duty of performance.

A

agent

principal

115
Q

The agent also owes the principal a ______ _____ ______.

A

duty of performance

116
Q

The _______ owes the _______ the duty created by the contract, the duty to indemnify, and the duty to deal fairly and in good faith.

A

principal

agent

117
Q

The principal owes the agent the duty ______ ___ ___ _____, the duty to indemnify, and the duty to deal fairly and in good faith.

A

created by the contract

118
Q

The principal owes the agent the duty created by the contract, the _____ ____ _____, and the duty to deal fairly and in good faith.

A

duty to indemnify

119
Q

The principal owes the agent the duty created by the contract, the duty to indemnify, and the ______ ___ ______ _____ and ____ ___ _____.

A

duty to deal fairly and in good faith.

120
Q

What duties are owed by the principal to the agent?

A
  1. the duty created by the contract
  2. The duty to indemnify
  3. The duty to deal fairly and in good faith
121
Q

What duties are owed by the agent to the principal?

A
  1. General fiduciary duty
  2. Duties of loyalty
  3. Duty of performance
122
Q

+ Case: Food Lion v. Capital Cities/ ABC, Inc.

Holding: Dale and Barnett breached their duty to their employer (Food Lion) by promoting the interests of their employer (ABC) to the detriment of Food Lion with the requisite intent to act against the interests of Food Lion. In doing this, Dale and Barnett did not serve Food Lion faithfully, and their interest (which was the same of ABC’s) was diametrically opposed to Food Lion’s.
!!

A

!!

123
Q

The rule is that an _______ is always liable for their own tortious conduct, even when acting in the scope of an agency relationship.

A

agent

124
Q

The rule is that an agent is ____ ______ for their own tortious conduct, even when acting in the scope of an agency relationship.

A

always liable

125
Q

The rule is that an agent is always liable for ______ _______ _____ ______, even when acting in the scope of an agency relationship.

A

their own tortious conduct

126
Q

The rule is that an agent is always liable for their own tortious conduct, ____ ______ _____ in the scope of an agency relationship.

A

even when acting

127
Q

The rule is that an agent is always liable for their own tortious conduct even when acting in the ______ of a ______ _______.

A

scope of an agency relationship

128
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an _______ is subject to liability to a third party harmed by the agent’s tortious conduct. Unless an applicable statute provides otherwise, an actor remains subject to liability although the actor acts as an agent or an employee, with actual or apparent authority, or within the scope of employment.

A

agent

129
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an agent is ________ ___ _______ to a third party harmed by the agent’s tortious conduct. Unless an applicable statute provides otherwise, an actor remains subject to liability although the actor acts as an agent or an employee, with actual or apparent authority, or within the scope of employment.

A

subject to liability

130
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an agent is subject to liability to a ____ _____ harmed by the agent’s tortious conduct. Unless an applicable statute provides otherwise, an actor remains subject to liability although the actor acts as an agent or an employee, with actual or apparent authority, or within the scope of employment.

A

third party

131
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an agent is subject to liability to a third party _______ by the _____ _____ ______. Unless an applicable statute provides otherwise, an actor remains subject to liability although the actor acts as an agent or an employee, with actual or apparent authority, or within the scope of employment.

A

harmed

agent’s tortious conduct

132
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an agent is subject to liability to a third party harmed by the agent’s tortious conduct. Unless an applicable _______ provides otherwise, an actor remains subject to liability although the actor acts as an agent or an employee, with actual or apparent authority, or within the scope of employment.

A

statute

133
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an agent is subject to liability to a third party harmed by the agent’s tortious conduct. Unless an applicable statute provides otherwise, an ______ remains subject to liability although the ______ acts as an agent or an employee, with actual or apparent authority, or within the scope of employment.

A

actor

actor

134
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an agent is subject to liability to a third party harmed by the agent’s tortious conduct. Unless an applicable statute provides otherwise, an actor remains subject to liability although the actor acts as an _______ or an ________, with actual or apparent authority, or within the scope of employment.

A

agent or an employee

135
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an agent is subject to liability to a third party harmed by the agent’s tortious conduct. Unless an applicable statute provides otherwise, an actor remains subject to liability although the actor acts as an agent or an employee, with _______ or ______ _______, or within the scope of employment.

A

actual or apparent

136
Q

According to Restatement (Third) of Agency § 7.0, an agent is subject to liability to a third party harmed by the agent’s tortious conduct. Unless an applicable statute provides otherwise, an actor remains subject to liability although the actor acts as an agent or an employee, with actual or apparent authority, or within the ________ ___ ________.

A

scope of employment

137
Q

Although a principal has a duty to _________ the agent, see Restatement (Third) of Agency § 8.14, this would not impact the ability to bring suit for negligence.

A

indemnify