Agencies Contributing To Social Control Flashcards
What does CPTED stand for?
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
CPTED is a theory that promotes reducing crime opportunities through environmental design.
What is the main goal of CPTED?
To reduce opportunities to commit crimes and foster positive use of space
It emphasizes the design of buildings and open spaces to encourage or discourage crime.
Name one method used in CPTED to discourage crime.
Creating open spaces
Other methods include clear lighting, minimizing hiding places, and enhancing visibility.
What impact did the design of high-rise flats in the 1960s have on crime?
Encouraged crime due to low visibility and enclosed spaces
Examples include the Hulme Crescents, which lacked proper sight lines.
What does the broken windows theory suggest?
Clean up areas to send a message that crime and deviance are not tolerated
This principle was notably applied in New York’s Port Authority Bus Terminal.
What is the panopticon prison design?
A design allowing an observer to view all prisoners without them knowing if they are being watched
It promotes self-regulation among prisoners due to the fear of being observed.
What is the difference between ASBO and CBO?
CBO includes attempts to rehabilitate, while ASBO was purely punitive
CBOs were introduced under the Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014.
What is a token economy?
A system rewarding positive behavior with tokens that can be exchanged for privileges
It is widely used in schools and prisons to encourage conformity to rules.
What does the Incentives and Earned Privileges Scheme aim to promote?
Conformity through rational choice by offering benefits for responsible behavior
It was introduced in 1995 as a tactic for managing prisoner behavior.
What are the consequences of breaching prison rules?
Caution, loss of privileges, or cellular confinement
Breaches can lead to significant restrictions on an inmate’s rights.
What is the dark figure of crime?
Unreported crime that the police are unaware of
It can account for a large percentage of crime, including domestic abuse and white-collar crime.
How can budget cuts affect crime prevention?
They can lead to fewer police officers and increased reliance on cautions
This can create gaps in state provision for tackling crime.
True or False: CPTED measures suggest that criminals only operate in hidden places.
False
CPTED acknowledges that visible locations can also be sites for criminal activity.
Fill in the blank: The panopticon design exemplifies _______.
disciplinary power
It showcases how surveillance can lead to self-regulation among individuals.
What is one criticism of ASBOs?
Persistent offenders may view them as a badge of honor
This perspective links to Bandura’s social learning theory.
