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World History > Age of Exploration > Flashcards

Age of Exploration Flashcards

1
Q

Reasons for European Exploration

A

Need for resources, Find gold, More land, Find faster route to India & China, Spread Christianity

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2
Q

The Vikings

A

Sailors & warriors from Scandinavia, 1st Europeans in North America, Reached New Foundland, Canada, 932 A.D.

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3
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

Cristoforo Colombo; Italian sent by Spain, Tried to reach Asia, Landed in the Caribbean Islands in 1492, Made 4 total voyages, Claimed land for Spain

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4
Q

John Cabot

A

Giovanni Caboto; Italian send by England, Looked for route to Asia, Explored the coast of New Foundland, Canada in 1497, Claimed land for England, Made 3 voyages across the Atlantic

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5
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

Italian navigator on Spanish ship, Wrote a popular book about travels, North & South America were named for him

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6
Q

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

A

Spanish explorer, Crossed the Isthmus of Panama to the Pacific Ocean in 1513, 1st European to reach the Pacific through the New World

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7
Q

Jacques Cartier

A

French explorer, Sailed up St. Lawrence River looking for a NW Passage, Named & claimed Canada for France, Made 3 voyages to explore Canada

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8
Q

Juan Ponce de Leon

A

Spanish explorer & governor of Puerto Rico, Searched for a mythical “Fountain of Youth”, Claimed Florida for Spain in 1513

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9
Q

Hernan Cortes

A

Spanish conquistador, Conquered the Aztecs in 1519-1521, Claimed Mexico for Spain

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10
Q

Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

A

Spanish explorer & conquistador, Searched for the mythical “7 Cities of Gold”, 1st European to see the Grand Canyon & American southwest, Claimed land north of Mexico for Spain

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11
Q

Henry Hudson

A

Englishman who sailed for the English and Dutch, 1609-1611, Claimed Hudson River and modern NY for Dutch, Claimed Hudson Bay area for England

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12
Q

Robert de La Salle

A

French explorer, Explored & established forts from the Great Lakes down the Mississippi River, Claimed Louisiana for France

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13
Q

Vasco Da Gama

A

Portuguese explorer, Commander of the first ships to sail directly from Europe to India. Began a lucrative trade route between India and Europe that brought great wealth to Portugal

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14
Q

Francis Drake

A

English sea captain, privateer, and pirate of the Elizabethan era. Famously defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588, The first Englishman to successfully sail around the world from 1577 to 1580

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15
Q

Jacques Cartier

A

French explorer, Claimed present-day Canada for France in 1534, Made 3 trips that explored the eastern coast of modern-day Canada, Acknowledged that the New World was a separate land mass from Europe/Asia

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16
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

Portuguese explorer, His expedition became the first one to sail from the Atlantic Ocean into the Pacific Ocean and the first to cross the Pacific, Completed the first circumnavigation of the Earth (Didn’t complete entire voyage)

17
Q

Queen Elizabeth

A

Supported exploration and funding for the navy, Led to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, Ruler of the golden age, Funded all the voyages

18
Q

Zheng He

A

Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral, Commanded voyages to Southeast Asia, South Asia, and East Africa, Sailed huge treasure ships to Africa and India, bringing back great wealth for these empire for the emperor of China

19
Q

Prince Henry the Navigator

A

Prince of the Kingdom of Portugal; Responsible for the early development of European exploration and maritime trade with other continents

20
Q

The Three G’s

A

God, Glory, Gold

21
Q

Missionaries

A

Spanish Priests, Built Missions where they taught Christianity to Natives

22
Q

Mercantilism

A

Economic theory that a country gains power by building up its wealth - specifically gold & silver

23
Q

Impacts from The New World

A

New industries, Increased trade, better nutrition and health, etc

24
Q

Triangle of Trade

A

A transatlantic trading network, Connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas, Explored natural resources and manufactured goods and enslaved people, Included the Middle Passage

25
Q

Middle Passage

A

Voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies and Americas to be sold into slavery

26
Q

Peninsulares

A

People born in Spain

27
Q

Creoles

A

People of European descent born in the colonies

28
Q

Mestizos

A

People of mixed Native American and European descent

29
Q

Mulattoes

A

People of mixed African and European descent

30
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

Spanish conquistador, Conquered the Incan Empire, Founded the city of Lima, Peru, Brought back immense wealth of precious metals to Spain

31
Q

Samuel de Champlain

A

French explored, Founded New France & Quebec City in modern-day Canada, First European to explore & describe the Great Lakes

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