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US History 1 Clep > Age of Exploration > Flashcards

Age of Exploration Flashcards

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1
Q

Age of Exploration

A
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2
Q

Age of exploration is also know as?

A

Age of Discovery

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3
Q

Timeframe?

A

15th - 17th century

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4
Q

Major developments

A

navigation
mapmaking
shipbuilding

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5
Q

Europe set out to these four countries:

A

Spain
Portugal
France
England

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6
Q

Europe was seeking new routes to:

A

Asia

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7
Q

Discovered a new route in:

A

India

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8
Q

They also discovered the 4 more bodies of land

A

The Americas
Australia
New Zealand
Hawaii

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9
Q

Age of Discovery lead to an increase of ____ and ___

A

trade and colonization

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10
Q

Russia explored and conquered what?

A

Siberia

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11
Q

English Exploration of the New World

A
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12
Q

What two incentives lead the English to explore the New World

A

Economic

Social

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13
Q

The enclosure movement

A

only the elder son can inherit the fam land

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14
Q

Who was sent to the New World bc of overpopulation?

A

criminals

beggers

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15
Q

Protestant Reformation

A

they came to the new world to worship more freely

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16
Q

English colonization of the new world

A
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17
Q

First English attempt of colonization

A

Sir Humphrey Gilbert
1583
Fail

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18
Q

Second and Third Attempt of english colonization

A

Roanoke Island
1586
1588
Fail

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19
Q

Lost colony

A

Second failed attempt of colonization in Roanoke

Disapered without a trace

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20
Q

Jamestown

A

First successful colonization
Named after King James of England I
1607
Interested in Gold and Christianity

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21
Q

Virginia Co.

A

Provided financial support and settlers

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22
Q

Virginia Co gave settlers 3 reasons to go to Jamestown

A

Adventure
Religious Freedom
Still England Citizens

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23
Q

Establishment of original 13 colonies

A
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24
Q

13 colonies were populated due to three reasons

A

new government
new profits / companies / more land
religious freedom

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25
Q

Slavery

A

1640 - 1660
Southern Colonies went to servitude to slavery
African Slaves taken by war and traded for profit or guns
Yoruba and Dahomey became rich from this
The voyage was dangerous many died

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26
Q

Chattel slavery

A

1661 Virginia legalized it
children of slaves became slaves too
less human, ordered by God to serve whites

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27
Q

Slave codes

A 
used to keep revolts down
Can't be educated, write/ read
no gathering together
no weapons
cant leave plantation, need written permission
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28
Q

1688 - Quakers

A

Were against slavery and violation of bible

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29
Q

Amazing Grace was written by

A

John Newton

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30
Q

how could slaves become free

A

Providing Mulatto status

buying their freedom

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31
Q

What 5 colonies are considered the South colonies

A 
Maryland
Virginia - first
Georgia - last
North Carolina
South Carolina
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32
Q

What are Cash crops?

A

rice
indigo
tobacco

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33
Q

Southern Colonies

A 
Only grow a single crop
VIrginia: tobacco
NC and Maryland grew: tobacco 
SC and Georgia: rice and indigo
Close to England
Social activities: dancing, cardplaying, cotillions, hunts, and large dinners
Wealthy stayed wealthy poor stay poor
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34
Q

MayFlower Compact

A

1620
Plymouth Colony - Pilgrims
Mayflower ship
All 41 men signed it

Free from england rule
Self rule

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35
Q
  1. Thomas Paine
  2. King George III
  3. Marquis de Lafayette
A
  1. Father of Amer Rev, common sense, pro-indepoendence
  2. king of great britain, critizied in D or I, waged war
  3. french military general, served under Washington, contained british forces at yorktown
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36
Q

First Continental Congress

A 
Phili, September 5, 1774
12 of 13 delegates went, Georgia didnt 
peaceful agreement with britain
parliament deal with foreign affaris
Have the Intolerable Acts repealed
King George III said war
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37
Q

Massachusettes Assembly

A

APRIL 19 1775 British military fought with settlers on the Lexington Common
Battles of lexington and concord

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38
Q

Second Continental Congress

A

MAY 10 1775 PHILI
Defense and local government
Army, George Washington as chief

JULY 4 1776 drafted D of I

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39
Q

The Declaration of Independence

A

By Richard Henry Lee
Composed by Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Robert Livingston, Roger Sherman
Three parts: preamble and reason of separation, a theory of government, formal declaration of war

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40
Q

D of I goals

A 
help from other colonies
cause to fight
motivated other colonies to join
Americans will be treated a s prisoners of war
Establish an American Government
Jefferson - All men are created equal
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41
Q

Articles of Confederation

A 
Establish an independent government
Passed - NOV 15 1777
Went to effect - MARCH 1, 1778
Each state has a delegate
The states have the final stay
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42
Q

Drafting the constitution

A
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43
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

SEPT 17 1787
revise the articles of confederation
seeked for a workable government structure

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44
Q

Three Branches of The Constitution

A

Legislative: Congress
Executive: President
Juduciary: Supreme Court

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45
Q

How did they keep each branch in line?

A

Check and Balances

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46
Q

Bill of Rights

A

First 10 amendments
DEC 15 1791

I - Freedom of religion, speech, press, peacable assembly, govenment petition
II - right to bear arms
III - no need house soldiers
IV - no search and seizure
V - cant be charges of the same crime twice
VI - speedy and public trial with jury
VII - you have aright for a trial
VIII - no cruel fines
IX - any rights are preserved to individuals
X - and to states

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47
Q

Marbury Vs Madison

A

1803

showed that the judiciary branch has a check with congress

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48
Q

Dred Scott

A

Slave
Made the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional
Popular sovereignty to all states and territories

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49
Q

what is popular sovereignty?

A

State or territory will be able to choose if it will outlaw slavery or not in their area

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50
Q

Landmark Supreme Court Cases

A

Baker v. Carr: one person, one vote,
redistricting cases can be heard: enabling federal courts to hear
Fourteenth Amendment-based redistricting cases
Brown v. Board of Education (of Topeka): no racial segregation in educational facilities
Gideon v. Wainright: right to free legal counsel
Korematsu v. U.S.: allowed gov. to place japanese americans in internment camps
during WW2
Mapp v. Ohio: evidence gathered in violation of the fourth amendment can’t be used,
no search warrant
Marbury v. Madison: established judicial review, check and balances
McCulloch v. Maryland: established authority of national law over state law
Miranda v. Arizona: Miranda rights be told while being arrested
Plessy v . Ferguson (overturned): separate but equal facilities
Regents of the U of CA v. Bakke: banned quota systems in the college admission
process
Roe v. Wade (recently overturned): overturned state laws prohibiting abortion
Scott v. Sandford ( later overturned): African Americans could never be granted U.S. citizen.

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51
Q

French and Indian War

A 
Britain vs french and indian
Spanish Armada defeated by England in 1588, decline in Spanish power
France and England became very powerful leading to several wars b/w 1689 - 1748
Fought in North America
called in seven years war
france lost
Sparked the American Revolution
britiain imposed taxes on them
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52
Q

France and England fought which wars b/w 1689 to 1748?

A

King William’s War, or Nine Years’ War: 1689-1697
THe War of SPanish Succession, Queene Anne’s War: 1702- 1713
War of Austrian Succession, King George’s War: 1740- 1748
French and Indian War, 1754-1763

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53
Q

Revolutionary WAR

A
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54
Q

What British military plan failed and why?

A

Saratoga Campaign 1777 - three part plan to capture New York

  1. one general went to phili instead of hudson river
  2. Burgoyne captured fort ticonderoga but surrendered when supplies where empty
  3. General st ledger cam close to new york but lost after a few battles
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55
Q

What came from the revolutionary war?

A

French signed the Treaty of Alliance in 1778: supplied americans with men, money , and ships
British campaign legd by sir henry clinton and gneral cornwallis 1778-1781
Cornwallis surrendered after a naval and supply run defeat on
Oct 17, 1781
Colonists winners

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56
Q

Mexican American War

A
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57
Q

what caused the mexicanb american war?

A

american annexation of Texas
disputes over southern border of texas
Mexico owed money
Mexigo said US was greedy

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58
Q

what happened in the Mexican American War

A

Polk 30 million to buy texas and california
Mexico was loosing
Democates wanted all of mexico Whigs didnt want to fight
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo was signed 1848 by Santa Anne after money was sent
Result: U.S. got cali texas and mexixan territory between louisiana and cali and U.S. erased some of Mexico’s debt with them

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59
Q

What is Triangular Trade?

A

indicating trade between three parts or regions
North America sold Africa rum which they traded with gold or slaves
Africa traded slaves to West indies for sugar molassess or money
Then West indies to North America

Violated the Molasses Act of 1733

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60
Q

What is the Molasses Act of 1733

A

Colonists had to pay taxes to England for the Molasses
Colonists ignored
the british gov didnt enforce them
salutary neglect

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61
Q

What is Salutary Neglect

A

was the policy of the British Crown of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, especially trade laws, as long as British colonies remained loyal to the government of, and contributed to the economic growth of their parent country, England

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62
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

agreement between the french and spanish Napoleon Bonoparte aquiered Louisiana
Jefferson sent james monroe to france to purchase New orleans and west florida
Bonaparte scared to fight with U.S. signed the Louisiana Purchase
resulted in 800000 square miles to the United States
Hopefully create a Anglo-American alliance
Destroyed the Federalist Party
Jefferson is looking good

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63
Q

What is Manifest Destiny?

A

the inevitability and righteouness of the Amwerican Expansion Westward, that america was destined to strech across atlantic ocean to pacific
Coined by John O’ Sullivan
Harace Greeley: Go West young Man

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64
Q

What were the positives about expanding Westward?

A 
cheap fertile land
Americans wanted more land
Easier to trade with Asia
Fur-taping industry
Gold in California stream
Economic potential
Spreading the ideals of liberty and democracy
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65
Q

What was the great Awakening

A

religious revival in New England in the 1730s and 40s
Growing secularism,
was helped by migrations in the city, large crowds
Jonathan Edwards was a famous preacher
first mass movement in america
broke down the divides the various regions of the british colonies
Blacks were worthy to be converted to christianity - Revivalists

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66
Q

Who is Elizabeth CAdy Stanton?

A

author of the declaration of rights of women with lucretia
the right for women to vote
with susan b anthony they wrote the 19th amandment

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67
Q

what were the causes that led the south to secessed?

A 
Slavery
States rights
sectionalism
terrirorial crisis
national elections
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68
Q

What is popular soverignty?

A

pro-slavery and anti slavery factions mid 1800s felt each state should be allowed to be a free state or slave state

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69
Q

what was teh compromise of 1850?

A

was created so there was a balnace between slave and free states
Cali became free state
slave trade in washington dc was outlawed
efforts to caputre escaped slaves were increased
Adjustment of the Texas–New Mexico boundary

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70
Q

Missuri Compromise

A

Missouri becomes a slave state and maine would seperate from massachusetts and become a free state
Everything south of missouri is slave and above free
1820 Missouri wanted tp be a slave state
slave state 12
free state 11

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71
Q

what was the conflict b/w north adn south

A 
1. economic differences
  N industruial S argarian
2. Power
N wanted fedral power S wanted local power
N wanted influence based on population S had less which led to 3/5th compromise
3. Morality
    N no slaves S yes slaves
4. social structure
    N egalitarian S - hierarchical
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72
Q

Civil War 1861 - 1865

A
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73
Q

Which faction was the North and South in?

A

S - Confederacy

N - Union

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74
Q

What were the 5 causes that started the civil war

A 
Slavery
Sectionalism
Territorial Crisis
National Elections
States' Rights
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75
Q

How many people died in the Civil War?

A

600,000

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76
Q

Who is Robert E. Lee

A

Commander Army of Vargina

Commander and chief of ferderate forces

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77
Q

Who is Ulysses S. Grant?

A

Commander of the Union Forces

18th President of the US

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78
Q

What is the TIme line of the Civil War

A

1860 Lincoln elected
1861 South Fires on Fort Sumter - Civil war begins
1863 Battle of Gettysburg
1865 Battle of Appomattox Courthouse - Lee Surrenders to Grant

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79
Q

What is the Emancipation Proclamation?

A

Issued by President Lincoln on Jan 1 1863
Freed all slaves in confederate states
suitable ex-slaves (freedmen) could join the US armed forces
did not make ex-slaves citizens

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80
Q

Reconstruction - After Civil War

A
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81
Q

Presedential Reconstruction

A

Driven by President Andrew Jackson policies

Lineint on the south and allowed discriminiation to continue

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82
Q

Congressional Reconstruction

A

more civil rights for blakcs and slaves
wanted more control over south government
Reconstruction of the amendments
Thirteenth Amendment _ abolish slavery
Fourtheenth Amendment - priviliges and imminities, due process, and equal protection clauses
Fiftheenth Amendment - granted voting rights for all men

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83
Q

What were the Jim Crow Laws

A

limited the rights of African Americans

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84
Q

Redemption after civil war

A

the confederate states gradually readmitted to the Union

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85
Q

What is a key on a map?

A

contains the listings for all the important symbols on the map

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86
Q

What is chronology?
Absolute chornology
Reactive chronology - relatiopnships

A

arranging events in the order in time
- day, month, year (calender
relatiopnships

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87
Q

Time Line of major early battle of the American revolutoin

A

Lexingotn condord
bunker hill
seige of st john

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88
Q

Roger Williams

A

NO State and Religion mix

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89
Q

Prime Minister Grenville

A

Imposed the Navigation Act

Sugar Act, Revenue Act

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90
Q

The Stamp Act

A

1765

required americans to purchase revenue stamps on everything from newpapers to legal documents

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91
Q

Declaratory Act

A

1766
tax and make laws for all americans
Charles Lord Rockingham

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92
Q

Prohibition Act

A

state teh official declaration of war on america

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93
Q

John Dickinson / Thomas Jefferson

A

john - worked out the framework of the national gov

Jeff - drafting the Dec of In 1776

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94
Q

General Washington crossing the delaware river

A

Jan 3 1777

delaware to NJ

95
Q

The Treaty of Paris of 1783

A

THe US to be independent
West boundry set the mississippi river
south was set at 21 degree north latitude
britain retained canada, spain to floida
private british creditors free to collect debts from US
COngree restore property

96
Q

Ben Franklin

A

helped nogotiate the Treat of paris 1783

97
Q

All of the following were common characteristics of many colonial New England families EXCEPT?

A

a place that sheltered men from the workplace

98
Q

The Embargo Act of 1807 had which of the following effects on the United States?

A

It severely damaged American shipping. correct

99
Q

Deists of the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries believed that

A

natural laws, designed by the Creator, govern the operation of the universe

100
Q

Between the Monroe Doctrine (1823) and the outbreak of the Civil War (1861), the most important aspect of United States foreign policy was

A

expanding the nation’s boundaries

101
Q

Jacksonian banking policies did which of the following?

A

Encouraged the expansion of credit and speculation. correct

102
Q

Which of the following had the greatest impact on the institution of slavery in the United States in the first quarter of the nineteenth century?

A

Expanded use of the cotton gin

103
Q

The “putting-out system” that emerged in antebellum America refers to the

A

production of finished goods in individual households

104
Q

Which of the following was a major focus of antebellum reform?

A

Prison reform

105
Q

During the early stages of manufacturing, the textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, primarily employed

A

native-born, single White women from rural areas

106
Q

The presidential election of 1840 is often considered the first “modern” election because

A

for the first time, both parties widely campaigned among all the eligible voters correct

107
Q

The idea of Manifest Destiny included all of the following EXCEPT the belief that

A

commerce and industry would decline as the nation expanded its agricultural base

108
Q

The 1848 women’s rights convention in Seneca Falls, New York, was a protest against

A

customs and laws that gave women a status inferior to that of men

109
Q

Which of the following best describes the United States position in the world economy during the period 1790–1860?

A

It relied heavily on European capital for its economic expansion.

110
Q

Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction included which of the following?

A

Reestablishment of state government after 10 percent of the voters in a state pledged their allegiance to the United States correct

111
Q

All of the following elements of the Radical Republican program were implemented during Reconstruction EXCEPT

A

provision of 40 acres to each freedman household

112
Q

Andrew Johnson’s Reconstruction plan allowed for Southern states to be readmitted into the Union on the condition that they

A

revoke the ordinance of secession and ratify the Thirteenth Amendment

113
Q

Which of the following was a renowned African American poet in New England in the late-eighteenth century?

A

Phillis Wheatley

114
Q

The activities of the Freedmen’s Bureau included all of the following EXCEPT

A

permanently redistributing land

115
Q

The United States completed the Gadsden Purchase in 1853 in order to

A

build a transcontinental railroad

116
Q

The disputed election of 1876 was significant because it

A

resulted in the end of Reconstruction in the South

117
Q

Seventeenth-century Puritans and Quakers differed primarily over the

A

notion of predestination

118
Q

Which of the following did NOT occur during the transportation revolution in the nineteenth century?

A

The Supreme Court enforced monopolies on steamboat travel and bridge construction. correct

119
Q

Which of the following statements best describes women’s involvement in reform movements of the antebellum period?

A

Many women argued that their roles as mothers and wives gave them a unique understanding of the nature of and solutions to social ills.

120
Q

Which of the following most directly led to a more democratic political system in the United States in the first half of the nineteenth century?

A

Many states reduced or eliminated property qualifications for voting

121
Q

The Federalist Party’s political perspective was characterized by which of the following beliefs about the central government?

A

It should encourage economic development.

122
Q

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

A

required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state.

123
Q

Which of the following best describes the American Colonization Society?

A

It promoted the settling of free African Americans from the United States to Africa

124
Q

Which of the following was a key component of Alexander Hamilton’s plan for the economic development of the United States?

A

Establishment of a national bank that would stabilize paper currency and extend credit

125
Q

In his Farewell Address, George Washington advocated that the United States should develop which of the following policies?

A

Adopting an isolationist position by avoiding engaging in alliances with European states

126
Q

Which of the following was acknowledged as a clear advantage held by the Union over the Confederacy during the U.S Civil War?

A

An industrial capacity that allowed the Union to produce most of what it needed for the war correct

127
Q

The Mason-Dixon Line, surveyed in the 1760s, was important for which of the following reasons?

A

It was used as the dividing line between free and slave states in the Missouri Compromise of 1820. correct

128
Q

The disagreement between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson regarding the economic policy of the United States can best be summarized as a contrast between

A

a centralized system based on trade and manufacturing and a system that relied on independent farmers and agriculture

129
Q

The idea of Manifest Destiny was probably expressed most clearly in which of the following actions?

A

The declaration of war against Mexico in 1846 correct

130
Q

Why was it possible for England to establish successful colonies by 1700s?

A

Because they had crucial advantages over European rivals

131
Q

What was the main authorization of the Jacksonian Indian Policy?

A

The relocation of eastern Indians to federal lands west of Mississippi River

132
Q

American mercantilism

A

the idea that colonies existed for the benefit of the Mother Country, Britain

133
Q

Which of the following is the main reason for the outbreak of the War of 1812?

A

the violation of American Shipping Rights

134
Q

Which of the following agency provided services to the slaves during the Reconstruction?

A

The Freedmen’s Bureau

135
Q

Which of the following best describes the financial crisis brought on by sharply falling cotton prices, declining demand for American exports, and reckless western land speculation?

A

The Panic of 1819 correct

136
Q

Which of the following individual took over the presidency of the Confederate States?

A

Jefferson Davis

137
Q

Which of the following amendment that prohibits slavery or involuntary servitude?

A

The 13th Amendment

138
Q

This party supported and demanded the exclusion of immigrants and Catholics from public office:

A

The know nothing party

139
Q

During the war, the Confederate States had an geographic advantage because

A

Most of the war was fought in the Southern lands, in that they were fighting to defend their own land correct

140
Q

The diverse coalition making up the Whigs Party was clustered around the National Republican Party of

A

John Quincy Adams

141
Q

Which Presidential Administration took the matter in hands with the French after their outcry of the “High Class Federalists” in America?

A

John Adams correct

142
Q

Why did Congress feel that the Articles of Confederation was a weak document?

A

Because it did not illustrate federal powers but more state sovereignty correct

143
Q

XYZ Affairs

A

a diplomatic incident between French and United States diplomats that resulted in a limited, undeclared war known as the Quasi-War. U.S. and French negotiators restored peace with the Convention of 1800, also known as the Treaty of Mortefontaine.

144
Q

John Winthrop told the Puritans that their society would be regarded as “a city upon a hill.” But first he explained that there would always be inequalities of wealth and power, that some people would always be in positions of authority, and that others would be dependent. His statements best illustrate the Puritans’

(A) reaction to unsuccessful socialist experiments in the Netherlands
(B) acceptance of the traditional belief that social order depended on a system of ranks correct
(C) intention to vest political power exclusively in the ministers
(D) desire to better themselves economically through means that included the institution of slavery
(E) inability to take clear stands on social issues

A
145
Q

The French and Indian War led Great Britain to
(A) encourage manufacturing in its North American colonies
(B) impose revenue taxes on its North American colonies correct
(C) restrict emigration to North America
(D) ignore its North American colonies
(E) grant increased self-government to its North American colonies

A
146
Q

All of the following were common characteristics of many colonial New England families EXCEPT?

(A) a hierarchical institution in which the father represented the source of authority
(B) a place that sheltered men from the workplace correct
(C) a social institution that cared for the needy and the poor
(D) a social institution that provided vocational training
(E) a basic farming unit

A
147
Q

Which of the following is a correct statement about the use of slave labor in colonial Virginia?

(A) It was forced on reluctant White Virginians by profit-minded English merchants and the mercantilist officials of the Crown.
(B) It was the first time Europeans enslaved African people.
(C) It fulfilled the original plans of the Virginia Company.
(D) It first occurred after the invention of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin, which greatly stimulated the demand for low-cost labor.
(E) It spread rapidly in the late-seventeenth century, as enslaved Africans replaced European indentured correct

A
148
Q

Roger Williams defended liberty of conscience on the grounds that
(A) all religions were equal in the eyes of the Creator
(B) the institutions of political democracy would be jeopardized without it
(C) Puritan ideas about sin and salvation were outmoded
(D) theological truths would emerge from the clash of ideas
(E) the state should not interfere in church matters

A
149
Q

Which of the following is true of White women in the British North American colonies?
(A) They were allowed to be ordained as ministers.
(B) They were considered politically and socially equal to their husbands.
(C) They were eligible to work as teachers in public schools.
(D) They were eligible to run for political office.
(E) They were restricted in holding property and making legal contracts after marriage.

A
150
Q

Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Great Awakening in the American colonies during the mid-eighteenth century?

(A) More accessible, democratized piety caused separatism and secession from established churches
(B) Heightened interest in the supernatural caused the renewed persecution of people for witchcraft correct
(C) The growth of institutions of higher learning to fill the need for more ministers to spread the gospel
(D) More intensive religious devotion caused the missionary spirit to flourish
(E) The lessening of doctrinal rigor and a concomitant appreciation for more direct experiences of faith

A
151
Q

The present King of Great Britain . . . has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws.

The “constitution” referred to in the quotation above from the Declaration of Independence was

(A) the principles common to all of the colonial charters
(B) the Articles of Confederation
(C) a constitution for the colonies written by Sir William Blackstone
(D) the laws passed concurrently by the several colonial legislatures
(E) the principles the colonists believed had traditionally regulated British government

A
152
Q

The present King of Great Britain . . . has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws.

The protest that the king had “combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution” referred to George III’s

(A) alliance with the king of France
(B) use of Hessian mercenaries
(C) reliance on his representatives in the colonies
(D) approval of parliamentary laws impinging on colonial self-government correct
(E) intention to place a German prince on the throne of British America

A
153
Q

By the time of the American Revolution, many American colonists had generally come to believe that the creation of a republic would solve the problems of monarchical rule because a republic would establish

(A) a highly centralized government led by a social elite
(B) a strong chief executive
(C) a small, limited government responsible to the people correct
(D) unlimited male suffrage
(E) a society in which there were no differences of rank and status

A
154
Q

Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania were written to

(A) record the soil, climate, and profitable crops in the Pennsylvania colony
(B) chronicle the history of William Penn’s colonization efforts
(C) argue against the power of Parliament to tax the colonists without representation correct
(D) petition King George III for colonial representation in Parliament
(E) encourage colonization of the western frontier

A
155
Q

Under the Articles of Confederation, which of the following was true about the national government?

(A) It had the power to conduct foreign affairs. correct
(B) It had the power to regulate commerce.
(C) It had a bicameral legislature.
(D) It had an independent executive branch.
(E) It included a federal judiciary.

A
156
Q

The Embargo Act of 1807 had which of the following effects on the United States?

(A) It severely damaged American manufacturing.
(B) It enriched many cotton plantation owners.
(C) It severely damaged American shipping. correct
(D) It was ruinous to subsistence farmers.
(E) It had little economic impact.

A
157
Q

Deists of the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries believed that

(A) natural laws, designed by the Creator, govern the operation of the universe correct
(B) prayer has the power to make significant changes in a person’s life
(C) the idea of God is merely the creation of people’s minds
(D) the universe was created by a natural, spontaneous combining of elements
(E) intuition rather than reason leads people to an awareness of the divine

A
158
Q

The Louisiana Purchase was significant because it

(A) eliminated Spain from the North American continent
(B) gave the United States control of the Mississippi River correct
(C) eased tensions between western settlers and Native Americans
(D) forced the British to evacuate their posts in the Northwest
(E) reduced sectional conflict over the slavery issue

A
159
Q

Between the Monroe Doctrine (1823) and the outbreak of the Civil War (1861), the most important aspect of United States foreign policy was

(A) securing access to Canadian fisheries
(B) reopening the British West Indies to direct trade with the United States
(C) securing international recognition
(D) expanding the nation’s boundaries correct
(E) responding to Cuban independencef

A
160
Q

Jacksonian banking policies did which of the following?

(A) Removed banking issues from national politics.
(B) Stalled the westward expansion.
(C) Ended foreign investment in the United States.
(D) Abolished state banks.
(E) Encouraged the expansion of credit and speculation. correct

A
161
Q

Which of the following had the greatest impact on the institution of slavery in the United States in the first quarter of the nineteenth century?

(A) Demands of southern textile manufacturers for cotton
(B) Introduction of crop rotation and fertilizers
(C) Abolition of indentured servitude
(D) Expanded use of the cotton gin correct
(E) The Three-Fifths Compromise

A
162
Q

The “putting-out system” that emerged in antebellum America refers to the

(A) organizing of slave labor into efficient planting teams
(B) production of finished goods in individual households correct
(C) sending of poor children to live on farms in the Midwest
(D) shipping of raw materials to European factories
(E) forced migration of Native Americans from valuable lands

A
163
Q

Which of the following was a major focus of antebellum reform?

(A) Income tax law
(B) Universal suffrage
(C) Prison reform correct
(D) Creation of national parks
(E) Machine politics
A
164
Q

antebellum means

A

beofre the war, Civil war

165
Q

During the early stages of manufacturing, the textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, primarily employed

(A) native-born, single White men who had lost their farms
(B) native-born, single White women from rural areas correct
(C) White males from debtors’ prisons
(D) recent immigrants from southern and eastern Europe
(E) African American women

A
166
Q

The issue of constitutionality figured most prominently in the consideration of which of the following?

(A) Tariff of 1789
(B) First Bank of the United States correct
(C) Funding of the national debt
(D) Assumption of state debts
(E) Excise tax on whiskey
A

Such an institution clashed with Jefferson’s vision of the United States as a chiefly agrarian society, not one based on banking, commerce, and industry. Jefferson also argued that the Constitution did not grant the government the authority to establish corporations, including a national bank.

167
Q

The presidential election of 1840 is often considered the first “modern” election because

(A) the slavery issue was first raised in this campaign
(B) it was the first election in which women voted
(C) voting patterns were similar to those later established in the 1890s
(D) for the first time, both parties widely campaigned among all the eligible voters correct
(E) a second Era of Good Feelings had just come to a close, marking a new departure in politics

A
168
Q

The idea of Manifest Destiny included all of the following EXCEPT the belief that

(A) commerce and industry would decline as the nation expanded its agricultural base correct
(B) the use of land for settled agriculture was preferable to its use for nomadic hunting
(C) westward expansion was both inevitable and beneficial
(D) the Creator selected America as a chosen land populated by a chosen people
(E) the ultimate extent of the American domain was to be from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean

A
169
Q

“Upon these considerations, it is the opinion of the court that the act of Congress which prohibited a citizen from holding and owning property of this kind in the territory of the United States north of the line therein mentioned, is not warranted by the Constitution, and is therefore void; and that neither the plaintiff himself, nor any of his family, were made free by being carried into this territory; even if they had been carried there by the owner, with the intention of becoming a permanent resident.”

The congressional act referred to in the passage above was the

(A) Kansas-Nebraska Act
(B) Missouri Compromise correct
(C) Northwest Ordinance of 1787
(D) Compromise of 1850
(E) Fugitive Slave Act
A
170
Q

Which of the following groups was most likely to adopt the Free Soil ideology?

(A) Free African Americans
(B) Northern capitalists
(C) Western frontier settlers correct
(D) Southern yeoman farmers
(E) Southern plantation owners
A
171
Q

The 1848 women’s rights convention in Seneca Falls, New York, was a protest against

(A) the use of women workers in textile factories
(B) the abuse of female slaves on Southern plantations
(C) the failure of the Democratic Party to endorse a woman suffrage amendment
(D) customs and laws that gave women a status inferior to that of men correct
(E) state restrictions that prevented women from joining labor unions

A
172
Q

Which of the following was opposed by both the Free Soil Party and the Republican Party in the mid-nineteenth century?

(A) Internal improvement in the West
(B) Extension of slavery into the territories correct
(C) Growth of textile manufacturing in New England
(D) Unrestricted immigration from Ireland
(E) Use of paper money

A
173
Q

In the pre–Civil War era, the railroads’ most important impact on the economy was that they

(A) created a huge new market for railway equipment
(B) created the basis for greater cooperation between southern planters and northern textile manufacturers
(C) generated new employment opportunities for unskilled urban workers
(D) involved the federal government in the financing of a nationwide transportation network
(E) provided midwestern farmers accessibility to eastern urban markets

A
174
Q

Which of the following was NOT an element of the Compromise of 1850?

(A) Stronger fugitive slave law
(B) Abolition of the slave trade in Washington, D.C.
(C) Admittance of California as a free state
(D) Organization of the Kansas Territory without slavery correct
(E) Adjustment of the Texas–New Mexico boundary

A
175
Q

Which of the following best describes the United States position in the world economy during the period 1790–1860?

(A) It was the leading producer of finished and manufactured goods for export.
(B) It relied heavily on European capital for its economic expansion. correct
(C) It had an inadequate merchant marine and depended largely on foreign vessels to carry its trade.
(D) It was strengthened by the acquisition of overseas colonies.
(E) It was severely hampered by its reliance on slave labor.

A
176
Q

After the Civil War, the majority of freed people found work in the South as

(A) factory workers
(B) railroad employees
(C) independent craftsmen
(D) tenant farmers correct
(E) domestic servants
A
177
Q

Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction included which of the following?

(A) Establishment of five military districts to prepare seceded regions for readmission as states
(B) Punishment of Confederates through land confiscation and high property taxes
(C) Restoration of property to White Southerners who would swear a loyalty oath to the United States
(D) Reestablishment of state government after 10 percent of the voters in a state pledged their allegiance to the United States correct
(E) Readmission of states to the Union contingent on their ratification of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution

A
178
Q

All of the following elements of the Radical Republican program were implemented during Reconstruction EXCEPT

(A) provision of 40 acres to each freedman household correct
(B) enactment of the Fourteenth Amendment
(C) military occupation of the South
(D) punishment of the Confederate leaders
(E) restrictions on the power of the president

A
179
Q

Andrew Johnson’s Reconstruction plan allowed for Southern states to be readmitted into the Union on the condition that they

(A) revoke the ordinance of secession and ratify the Thirteenth Amendment correct
(B) prohibit the use of the Black Codes
(C) guarantee suffrage for all citizens, regardless of race
(D) give land grants to freed people
(E) punish ex-Confederates refusing to take an oath of loyalty to the United States

A
180
Q

Which of the following was a renowned African American poet in New England in the late-eighteenth century?

(A) Benjamin Banneker
(B) Lemuel Haynes
(C) Phillis Wheatley correct
(D) Gabriel Prosser
(E) Sojourner Truth
A
181
Q

California was admitted as a state to the Union

(A) as part of the Compromise of 1850 correct
(B) with the passage of the Wilmot Proviso
(C) during the Mexican-American War
(D) with the passage of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787
(E) when the Kansas-Nebraska Act settled the issue of western slavery

A
182
Q

The activities of the Freedmen’s Bureau included all of the following EXCEPT

(A) providing food, clothing, medical care, and shelter to war victims
(B) reuniting families of freedmen
(C) establishing a network of courts
(D) establishing schools for freed people
(E) permanently redistributing land correct

A
183
Q

The United States completed the Gadsden Purchase in 1853 in order to

(A) obtain Oregon
(B) build a transcontinental railroad correct
(C) relieve population pressures
(D) obtain additional grazing lands
(E) balance slave and free states
A
184
Q

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding Benjamin Franklin?

(A) He founded the Bank of the United States. hamilton
(B) He authored the Articles of Confederation. barlett dickinson
(C) He authored the Bill of Rights. james madison
(D) He invented electricity. edison
(E) He helped to negotiate the Treaty of Paris of 1783. correct

A
185
Q

Which of the following was directly involved in helping slaves escape via the Underground Railroad?

(A) William Lloyd Garrison
(B) Harriet Tubman correct
(C) Harriet Beecher Stowe
(D) John Quincy Adams
(E) Roger Taney
A
186
Q

Which of the following is true about the American victory at Saratoga in October 1777 during the Revolutionary War?

(A) It enabled George Washington to recapture New York City.
(B) It led Congress to declare independence.
(C) It caused the British to evacuate Boston.
(D) It helped convince France to enter the war. correct
(E) It prompted Parliament to end the war.

A
187
Q

In the early seventeenth century, colonists in the Chesapeake Bay area exported which of the following to England?

(A) Cattle
(B) Tobacco correct
(C) Tea
(D) Cotton
(E) Coffee
A
188
Q

“No Person or Persons, inhabiting in this Province or Territories, who shall confess and acknowledge One almighty God, the Creator, Upholder and Ruler of the World; . . . shall be in any Case molested or prejudiced, in his or their Person or Estate, because of his or their conscientious Persuasion or Practice, nor be compelled to frequent or maintain any religious Worship, Place or Ministry, contrary to his or their Mind.”

The excerpt above is from the charter of which of the following English colonies?

(A) Plymouth
(B) Pennsylvania correct
(C) Massachusetts Bay
(D) Jamestown
(E) Roanoke
A
189
Q

According to the Treaty of Paris of 1783, Great Britain both recognized American independence and

(A) agreed to cancel all the prewar debts owed to the British by American citizens
(B) promised to set the western boundary of the United States at the Mississippi River correct
(C) retained fishing rights off Newfoundland
(D) insisted that George III remain the titular head of the former thirteen colonies
(E) agreed to the presence of British troops in the Northwest Territories for ten years

A
190
Q

All of the following resulted from the War of 1812 EXCEPT

(A) the decline of the Federalist Party
(B) increased domestic manufacturing
(C) the loss of Florida to the British correct
(D) the emergence of Andrew Jackson as a war hero
(E) heightened patriotism

A
191
Q

(A) enslaved people could not be freed by virtue of their residence in a free state correct
(B) the Compromise of 1850 was supported by the Constitution
(C) Dred and Harriet Scott deserved their freedom
(D) the principle of popular sovereignty could be applied in new territories
(E) free African Americans could not be enslaved

A
192
Q

In Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), the Supreme Court decided that

(A) enslaved people could not be freed by virtue of their residence in a free state correct
(B) the Compromise of 1850 was supported by the Constitution
(C) Dred and Harriet Scott deserved their freedom
(D) the principle of popular sovereignty could be applied in new territories
(E) free African Americans could not be enslaved

A
193
Q

Which of the following best describes the significance of Shays’ Rebellion and the Whiskey Rebellion?

(A) They were early examples of colonial opposition to the British taxes imposed after the French and Indian War.
(B) They led to the meeting of the Constitutional Convention.
(C) They were precipitated by burdensome tax policies correct
(D) Alexander Hamilton led the armed forces that suppressed both rebellions.
(E) They were caused by the inability of farmers to pay their debts.

A
194
Q

Which of the following were native to North America before Columbus arrived?

(A) Horses and pumpkins
(B) Dandelions and clover
(C) Maize and squash correct
(D) Oranges and sweet potatoes
(E) Rice and potatoes
A
195
Q

The disputed election of 1876 was significant because it

(A) led to the growth of third parties
(B) led to the expansion of executive power
(C) demonstrated the power of big business
(D) signaled the beginning of mass participation in politics
(E) resulted in the end of Reconstruction in the South

A
196
Q

Seventeenth-century Puritans and Quakers differed primarily over the

(A) divinity of Jesus
(B) importance of charity work (almsgiving)
(C) notion of predestination correct
(D) celebration of Christmas
(E) consumption of alcohol
A
197
Q

Which of the following did NOT occur during the transportation revolution in the nineteenth century?

(A) State and federal governments subsidized the construction of roads and canals.
(B) The cost of shipping goods declined precipitously.
(C) The postal service grew rapidly.
(D) The Supreme Court enforced monopolies on steamboat travel and bridge construction. correct
(E) Railroads became a major carrier of freight by the start of the Civil War.

A
198
Q

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. —That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,—That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.”

The Declaration of Independence

The author of the passage above was influenced by the writings of

(A) John Locke’s Second Treatise on Government

A
199
Q

Which of the following statements best describes women’s involvement in reform movements of the antebellum period?

(A) Many women argued that their roles as mothers and wives gave them a unique understanding of the nature of and solutions to social ills.

A
200
Q

Which of the following most directly led to a more democratic political system in the United States in the first half of the nineteenth century?

(A) Most states extended the right to vote to women and free African Americans.
(B) Judicial review was established, limiting the power of the Supreme Court over the decisions of Congress.
(C) Presidential elections started being determined by a combination of the electoral college and popular vote.
(D) Many states reduced or eliminated property qualifications for voting. correct
(E) New territories were not admitted as states unless they guaranteed the right to vote for all men over the age of twenty-one.

A
201
Q

The Federalist Party’s political perspective was characterized by which of the following beliefs about the central government?

(A) It should have very few powers over the states.
(B) It should pursue closer relations with France rather than with Britain.
(C) It should provide aid to western farmers.
(D) It should oppose bankers and manufacturers.
(E) It should encourage economic development.

A
202
Q

Which of the following is true of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850?

(A) It was a compromise that prevented further sectional divisions for the next decade.
(B) It consolidated the concept of states’ rights in regard to enforcing slavery.
(C) Many Northerners opposed it. correct
(D) It established the right to due process for people accused of being fugitive slaves.
(E) Most Southern politicians opposed it.

A
203
Q

Which of the following best describes the American Colonization Society?

(A) It helped provide jobs for African Americans building the Panama Canal.
(B) Militant abolitionists such as William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass supported it.
(C) Large numbers of African Americans in the 1850s and 1860s supported it.
(D) It promoted the settling of free African Americans from the United States to Africa correct
(E) It developed the concept of Manifest Destiny in the 1830s and 1840s.

A
204
Q

Which of the following was a key component of Alexander Hamilton’s plan for the economic development of the United States?

(A) Establishment of a national bank that would stabilize paper currency and extend credit correct
(B) Termination of all trade with European countries in order to bolster the United States economy
(C) Establishment of trade agreements with European colonies in the Western Hemisphere
(D) Eradication of the national debt in order to create a small federal government
(E) Reliance on the free market, with no government involvement in the economy

A
205
Q

In his Farewell Address, George Washington advocated that the United States should develop which of the following policies?

(A) Using its moral standing as a democratic nation to intervene in foreign affairs
(B) Annexing neighboring territories that were under Spanish colonial authority
(C) Adopting an isolationist position by avoiding engaging in alliances with European states correct
(D) Creating lasting alliances with newly independent states in the Western Hemisphere
(E) Preventing European nations from interfering in the political stability of the Western Hemisphere

A
206
Q

Which of the following was acknowledged as a clear advantage held by the Union over the Confederacy during the U.S Civil War?

(A) Control over the Mississippi River from end to end from the outset of the war
(B) A sense of purpose in the con ict that uni ed all Northerners
(C) An industrial capacity that allowed the Union to produce most of what it needed for the war correct
(D) A more highly trained and experienced military leadership
(E) A better understanding of the terrain on which the majority of the battles were fought

A
207
Q

Anne Hutchinson and her followers were banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony because

(A) Hutchinson had been convicted of adultery
(B) they attempted to overthrow the colony’s elected government
(C) their advocacy of the banning of alcohol put them at odds with the rest of the colonists
(D) Hutchinson’s religious views led to her excommunication from the Puritan church correct
(E) their support of the English monarchy made them enemies with the Revolutionary leaders in Boston

A
208
Q

The Great Famine of Ireland in the 1840s affected the United States in which of the following ways?

(A) It led to a massive wave of Irish immigrants to the United States. correct
(B) It forced Americans to abandon imports of the potato and look for other sources of food.
(C) It led to a decline in the in uence of the Roman Catholic Church.
(D) Intermarriage between Irish immigrants and native-born US citizens declined.
(E) It led American scientists to pool their skills in nding a cure for the potato blight.

A
209
Q

The Mason-Dixon Line, surveyed in the 1760s, was important for which of the following reasons?

(A) It became the basis for the boundary between the United States and Canada.
(B) It carved out the territory that later became the District of Columbia.
(C) It marked the westernmost limit of settlement for European colonists after the French and Indian War.
(D) It referred to the line where British troops assembled in their efforts to turn back the colonists’ rebellion.
(E) It was used as the dividing line between free and slave states in the Missouri Compromise of 1820.

A
210
Q

The disagreement between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson regarding the economic policy of the United States can best be summarized as a contrast between

(A) alignment with the French colonial system and remaining part of the British commonwealth
(B) a centralized system based on trade and manufacturing and a system that relied on independent farmers and agriculture correct
(C) a proslavery economic system and one in which slavery would eventually be abolished
(D) a system in which workers own the principal means of industrial production and one in which an aristocracy controls economic policy
(E) an Old World economy in which land ownership is taxed and a New World system in which high tari s are assessed on industry

A
211
Q

The idea of Manifest Destiny was probably expressed most clearly in which of the following actions?

(A) The creation of the House of Burgesses in colonial Virginia
(B) The founding of Harvard College in colonial Massachusetts
(C) The addition of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution
(D) The declaration of war against Mexico in 1846 correct
(E) The abolition of slavery at the end of the Civil War

A
212
Q

The economic growth of the Great Lakes region in the early 19th century was most facilitated by the

(A) completion of the Erie Canal correct
(B) blockade of Eastern ports by the British
(C) discovery of gold in the Northwest Territories
(D) improvements brought by the transcontinental railroad
(E) organization of several Midwest territories into states

A

A

213
Q

During the Age of Exploration most super power countries in Europe searched for gold and silver in the Americas and what from Asia?

(A) Cotton and Materials
(B) Copper and Whiskey
(C) Technology for Better Mapping
(D) Bronze and Weapons
(E) Silk and Spices
A

E

214
Q

Why was it possible for England to establish successful colonies by 1700s?

(A) Because they had crucial advantages over European rivals correct
(B) Because the Indians assisted them without resistance
(C) Because the British had imposed their currency in the colonies
(D) Because they owned more slaves during that time period
(E) None of the above

A

A

215
Q

What was the main authorization of the Jacksonian Indian Policy?

(A) To give Indians the rights to vote
(B) The relocation of eastern Indians to federal lands west of Mississippi River correct
(C) To provide Indians a safe zone in the colonies
(D) To execute all Indians who disagreed with the British
(E) None of the above

A

B

216
Q

American Mercantilism in the mid-seventeenth century was the idea of the…

(A) British correct
(B) French
(C) Native Americans
(D) Spanish
(E) Portuguese
A

A

217
Q

Which of the following is the main reason for the outbreak of the War of 1812?

(A) the violation of the Whiskey Tax
(B) the attacks of Indians at Chesapeake Bay
(C) the violation of American Shipping Rights correct
(D) the invasion of the Louisiana Territory
(E) the disagreement on slavery in the South

A

C

218
Q

Why did the railroad system become more famous than others during the transportation revolution?

(A) Because of its speed, capacity, and reliability correct
(B) Because it was a cheaper infrastructure to build
(C) Because it provided nautical services
(D) Because it was
(E) None of the above

A

A

219
Q

Which of the following agency provided services to the slaves during the Reconstruction?

(A) The Department of State
(B) The Freedmen’s Bureau correct
(C) The Treasury Department
(D) The Office of Reconstruction
(E) The Sons of Liberty
A

B

220
Q

The Compromise of 1850 outraged abolitionists because one of the following was included at the time

(A) The Fugitive Slave Act correct
(B) Free-Soil Coalition Act
(C) Alien and Sedition Acts
(D) Navigation Act
(E) Stamp Act
A
221
Q

What was the main focus of The Great Awakening?

(A) Freedom
(B) Employment
(C) Religion correct
(D) Land Ownership
(E) Spread of Intellectual Property
A
222
Q

The first ten amendments to the US Constitution, adopted in 1791 to guarantee individual rights and to help secure ratification of the Constitution by the states is called:

(A) The Emancipation Proclamation
(B) The Federalist
(C) Kansas-Nebraska Act
(D) The Bill of Rights correct
(E) Stamp Act Congress
A

D

223
Q

Which of the following best describes the financial crisis brought on by sharply falling cotton prices, declining demand for American exports, and reckless western land speculation?

(A) Manifest Destiny
(B) Land Ordinance of 1785
(C) The Great Depression
(D) The Panic of 1819 correct
(E) The Great Awakening
A

D

224
Q

Which of the following best describes the financial crisis brought on by sharply falling cotton prices, declining demand for American exports, and reckless western land speculation?

(A) Manifest Destiny
(B) Land Ordinance of 1785
(C) The Great Depression
(D) The Panic of 1819 correct
(E) The Great Awakening
A
225
Q

Which of the following amendment that prohibits slavery or involuntary servitude?

(A) The 5th Amendment
(B) The 1st Amendment different freedoms
(C) The 14th Amendment citizenship to slaves
(D) The 12th Amendment election
(E) The 13th Amendment slavery
A

E

226
Q

This party supported and demanded the exclusion of immigrants and Catholics from public office:

(A) The Republic Party
(B) The Know Nothing Party correct
(C) The Democratic Party
(D) The Federalist Party
(E) The People’s Party
A

B

227
Q

This put an important spin in the society, America’s religious communities during this time were divided from the Old believers to the New:

(A) The Great Awakening correct
(B) The Gilded Age
(C) The Renaissance
(D) The Enlightenment
(E) The Antebellum Era
A
228
Q

During the war, the Confederate States had an geographic advantage because

(A) The land was protected by a compromise between the North and the South
(B) Most of the war was fought in the Southern lands, in that they were fighting to defend their own land correct
(C) The South had the slaves fighting as members of the Confederate Military
(D) All of the Above
(E) None of the Above

A
229
Q

During the Colonial Period, which of the following was the staple crop in Virginia?

(A) Sugar
(B) Corn
(C) Cotton
(D) Rice
(E) Tobacco
A
230
Q

The diverse coalition making up the Whigs Party was clustered around the National Republican Party of

(A) Abraham Lincoln
(B) Ulysses S. Grant
(C) Alexander Hamilton
(D) John Quincy Adams correct
(E) Thomas Jefferson
A
231
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the Treaty of Paris of 1783:

(A) The United States was recognized as an independent nation by the major European powers, including Britain
(B) France would provide aid to the United States to form a government correct
(C) Britain would retain Canada but has to surrender Florida to Spain
(D) The western boundary would be set by the Mississippi River
(E) Private British creditors would be free to collect any debts owed by US citizens

A

B

232
Q

Which Presidential Administration took the matter in hands with the French after their outcry of the “High Class Federalists” in America?

(A) George Washington
(B) Benjamin Franklin
(C) John Adams correct
(D) Thomas Jefferson
(E)Alexander Hamilton
A

C

233
Q 
Before it was called the US Constitution, the original name of the document was known as
(A) Articles of Confederation correct
(B) The Bill of Rights
(C) Parliamentary Procedures
(D) Acts of Parliament
(E) Articles of New Government
A

A

234
Q

Why did Congress feel that the Articles of Confederation was a weak document?
(A) Because it was missing taxation clause
(B) Because it did not illustrate federal powers but more state sovereignty correct
(C) Because it did not have a judicial branch
(D) Because it did not focus on foreign affairs
(E) All of the above

A

B

US History 1 Clep (2 decks)

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