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Video 3 > Age Of Enlightenment > Flashcards

Age Of Enlightenment Flashcards

1
Q

it is the century of change, it’s period of recognizing human dignity.

A

18th century

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2
Q

It is a movement of reformation, period of introduction of certain person, gradually the old philosophy of punishment to amore humane treatment of prisoners with innovation program

A

18 century

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3
Q

He Fought for individual rights of person and responsible for the abolition of death penalty and torture

A

William Penn

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4
Q

First leader to prescribe imprisonment as a correctional treatment

A

William penn

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5
Q

Physician, patriot, signer of the declaration of independence and social reformer

A

Benjamin rush

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6
Q

Advocated penitentiary as replacement for capital and corporal punishment

A

Benjamin Rush

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7
Q

It is institution intended to isolate prisoners from society and from one another so that they could reflect on their past misdeeds repent and thus undergo reformation

A

Penitentiary

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8
Q

French historian and philosopher who analyzed law as an expression of justice

A

Charles Montesquieu

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9
Q

He believes that harsh
punishment would undermine morality and that appealing to moral sentiments as a better means of preventing
crime.

A

Charles Montesquieu

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10
Q

His theorized separation of powers of legislative, executive and judiciary

A

Charles Montesquieu

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11
Q

He is also responsible for the abolition of death penalty and torture as a form of punishment

A

William penn

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12
Q

He was the most versatile of all philosophers during this period. He believes that fear of shame was a
deterrent to crime.

A

Voltaire/ Francois Marie Arouet

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13
Q

He fought the legality-sanctioned practice of torture.

A

Voltaire/ Francois Marie Arouet

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14
Q

He wrote an easy entitled ‘An essay on crimes and punishment’

A

Cesare Beccaria

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15
Q

Father of classical theory, politician, and Italian philosopher

A

Cesare Beccaria

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16
Q

The greatest leader in the Reform of English Criminal Law.

A

Jeremy Bentham

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17
Q

He believes that whatever punishment designed
to negate whatever pleasure or gain the criminal derives from crime; the crime rate would go down

A

Jeremy Bentham

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18
Q

He invented Panopticon Prison

A

Jeremy Bentham

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19
Q
  • a prison that consist of large circular building containing multi cells around the
    periphery.
A

Panopticon Prison

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20
Q

Is Panopticon Prison built?

A

No

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21
Q

The father of prison reform

A

John Howard

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22
Q

The sheriff of Bedfordshire in 1773

A

John Howard

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23
Q

John Howard is sheriff at?

A

Bedfordshire in 1773

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24
Q

After his finding on
English prisons, he recommended the following,

A
  1. Single cell for sleeping
  2. Separation of woman
  3. Separation of youth
  4. Provision of sanitation facilities
  5. Abolition of fee system which the jailers obtained money from the prisoners
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25
Q

A follower of Bentham was an able lawyer and the most effective leader in direct and persistent agitation for
reform of the English criminal code

A

Sir Samuel Romilly

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26
Q

He pressed for construction of the first modern English prison, “Millbank in 1816”

A

Sir Samuel Romilly

27
Q

Considered father of modern policy system because he establishes the London metropolitan police in 1829
known as bobbies

A

Sir Robert Peel

28
Q

He established the Irish constabulary called ‘PEELERS’ after the founder

A

Sir Robert Peel

29
Q

What was the constabulary that Sir Robert Peel Established

A

Irish Constabulary called PEELERS

30
Q

He was the director of the prison in Valencia, Spain, in 1835

A

Manuel Montesimos

31
Q

He divided prisoners into companied and appointed
prisoners as petty officers in charge

A

Manuel Montesimos

32
Q

He gave academic classes of one hour a day in all inmates under 20 years of age.

A

Manuel Montesimos

33
Q

A superintendent of a penal colony at Norfolk Island in Australia who introduces a progressive humane
system to substitute for corporal punishment

A

Alexander Maconochie

34
Q

When a prisoner earned a required number of marks, he was
given his ticket of leave which is the equivalent of parole.

A

Alexander Maconochie

35
Q

• He introduced fair disciplinary trials, built churches, distributed books, allowed plays to be staged and
permitted prisoners to tend small gardens.

A

Alexander Maconochie

36
Q

the father of parole

A

Alexander Maconochie

37
Q

•It whereby a convict could earn freedom by hard and good behavior.
• It was used to eliminate the so-called flat sentence

A

Mark system of Maconochie

38
Q

He is the director of the Irish prison in 1854

A

Water Crofton

39
Q

introduced the Irish system that was modified from the
Maconochie’s mark system

A

Water Crofton

40
Q

It is the modified Maconochie’s mark system

A

Irish system of Water Crofton

41
Q

FOUR STAGES OF THE IRISH SYSTEM

A

1.Solitary confinement for 9 months
2. Assignment to public works in association with other prisoners
3. Work without supervision
4. Release of prisoners under certain conditions similar to parole

42
Q

He was famous for the establishment of agricultural colony for delinquent boys in France in 1839. (young
boys offenders)

A

Frederick Auguste Demetz

43
Q

In the Agricultural Colony. The system was based on ________ rather that ______.

A

Reeducation - force

44
Q

Who is the superintendent in the New York state reformatory at Elmira

A

Zebulon Brockway

45
Q

When does New York state reformatory at Elmira opened

A

1876

46
Q

What does Brockway introduced in Elmira

A

New institutional program for boys from 16 to 30 years of age

47
Q

In Elmira new prisoner is classified as?

A

2nd grade

48
Q

In Elmira if you are a second grade the after 6 months of good behavior you will be promoted into?

A

1st grade

49
Q

In Elmira if you are a 1st grade then you show another 6 months of good behavior you will be?

A

Qualified for parole

50
Q

He opened the Borstal Institution near Rochedi in
Kent

A

Sir Evelyn Ruggles Brise

51
Q

became the earliest best reform institution for young offender and is one of the best institution for the reformation and rehabilitation for juvenile offenders, 21 below.

A

Borstal Institution

52
Q

Borstal Institution is located at

A

United Kingdom

53
Q

He is the warden of the Auburn

A

Elam lynds

54
Q

Auburn is later called as

A

Sing sing

55
Q

He is a strict disciplinarian who believe that all convicts were cowards who could
not be reformed until their spirit was broken.

A

Elam Lynds

56
Q

he devised a system of brutal punishment and degrading procedures, many of which remained as accepted practice until very recent times.

A

Elam lynds

57
Q

a development of the various forms of attire to degrade and identity prisoners.
• Wide alternating black and white horizontal bonds were placed on the loose-fitting heavy cotton garments.
Stripes

A

Prison Stripes

58
Q

The
famous ‘prison strips’ came into during the year of ?

A

1815

59
Q

prisoners were required to line up in a close formation with their hands on the shoulders under the
arms of the prisoner in front.

A

Lockstep

60
Q

Design the prison of Ghent (Belgium) to rehabilitate rather to punish

A

Jean Jacques Villain

61
Q

prison of Ghent is located at?

A

Belgium

62
Q

Jean Jacques Villain designed?

A

Prison of Ghent/ Ghent prison

63
Q

Father of penitentiary science.

A

Jean Jacques Villain

64
Q

He developed a strict classification of criminals and their segregation

A

Jean Jacques Villain

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