Age of Columbus and de Gama

Question 1

Two phases of early European exploration

Answer 1

First Portugal and then Spain

Question 2

How did the Portuguese make money in the Indian Ocean?

Answer 2

Took control of small chokepoints (Strait of Hormuz and Strait of Malacca) and forced traders to pay for a license to sail through

Question 3

What were two principal motivators for Spanish exploration?

Answer 3

Money (conquistadors) and ideology/religion

Question 4

What were the centers of the Spanish empire in Latin America?

Answer 4

Mexico and Per because they were centralized societies which were easier to conquer and control

Question 5

Difficulties of the Europeans before 1500

Answer 5

Poorly positioned to engage in global trade (far from the Indian ocean) and did not have anything that foreigners wanted to trade for, other than gold and silver, which was running out

Question 6

Who primarily carried out the Spanish exploration of Latin America?

Answer 6

Conquistadors

Question 7

Some reasons the conquistadors were successful

Answer 7

technological advantages (including iron weapons and long range crossbows), horses, and disease (specifically Smallpox)