Age Concepts Flashcards
What did The London Atlas (AlQahtani et al. 2010) contribute to and how?
Dental age estimation; expanded on earlier atlas methods with a more representative sample.
Based on AlQahtani et al. 2010, when is tooth development the most stable?
Infancy
Based on AlQahtani et al. 2010, when is tooth development the most variable?
16+ years; third molar development
Why does Suchey-Brooks use phases instead of a component system like McKern and Stewart?
The components do not vary independently, so it was deemed unnecessarily complex
When comparing age-related changed in males and females, which area of the pubis shows changes in females, but does not exist in males?
The area between the ventral aspect of the symphyseal rim and the ventral arc
What aspect of the pubis demonstrates changes in females that cannot be relied on as an indicator of age?
Lipping of the dorsal symphyseal rim
What are some of the flaws in the Acsadi-Nemeskeri method?
Limited, unknown sample.
Does not include intermediate morphological stages.
Age ranges don’t correspond to modern sample.
Includes upper limits.
What does the use of multiple age indicators provide?
A more precise age estimate
Why should age estimates from multiple indicators not be averaged for the final age estimate?
The focus should be on indicators that provide the narrowest ranges, with evaluation for reliability.
What does Hartnet (2010) suggest is one of the most important features in the later phases of the pubic symphysis age method?
The weight of the bone
What is the difference between the performance of the male and female sample in the Hartnett (2010) update on pubic symphysis aging?
Females seem to undergo a more predictable pattern of aging than males; less interobserver error in females
Why does Absolonova et al (2013) advocate for the use of ribs for histological aging over traditional long bones?
They are not load bearing and affected by the biomechanics of physical activity or childbirth; they are easily identified when burned; they have rapid turnover in bone mass that should make them better for aging
What happens to burned bones that may affect aging application?
Deformation and shrinkage
Bailey and Vidoli 2023 found that none of the tested age-reporting strategies were both accurate and reliable for the older age cohort, this supports what general understanding about age indicators?
Age indicators become less accurate and less reliable in older age cohorts because chronological age and skeletal age become less correlated
What is the “experience-based approach” described by Bailey and Vidoli 2023?
The user applies professional judgment to the final age estimate by combining the age results and the overall appearance/condition of the skeleton
In Bethard et al. 2019, how did DXAGE perform?
Too high of bias and inaccuracy and inconsistency across age cohorts to use in forensic casework
According to DiGangi et al (2009), how does the rib 1 costal face shape change with age?
It starts out as an oval and becomes more irregular with age
According to DiGangi et al (2009), how does the rib 1 tubercle facet change with age?
It starts out smooth and develops macroporosity and lipping with age
What does the component system in Dudzik and Langley 2015 provide?
Age estimate of the pubic symphysis in younger individuals (<40) that do not yet show signs of degeneration
Gocha et al. 2015 found what aging approach worked best when testing 6 aging methods?
Combining Subchey-Brooks (pubic symphysis) and either Osborne et al. (auricular surface for <50 yrs) or Buckberry-Chamberlain (auricular surface for >50 yrs) performed better than individual methods, or all methods combined.
What is the relationship trend between chronological age and physiological age?
As an individual gets older there is a growing discrepancy between chronological age and physiological age (more variation over time)
Which is more reliable in subadult age estimation and why: dental or skeletal?
Dental, because it is less influenced by the environment and ancestry
What is the Cunha et al. 2009 age estimation recommendation for fresh/well-preserved bodies?
Combine Suchey-Brooks (pubic symphysis) and Lamendin (dental), if Suchey-Brooks phase is 4+. If pubic symphysis can’t be used, substitute Iscan 4th rib. If no teeth, use osteon count.
What is the Cunha et al. 2009 age estimation recommendation for calcined remains?
Histological, microscopic osteon analysis
What is the Cunha et al. 2009 age estimation recommendation for an isolated skull?
Dental methods (Lamendin, then Kvaal or Cameriere)
What is the Cunha et al. 2009 age estimation recommendation for postcranium only?
Suchey-Brooks; if later than stage 3, osteon count can be used
What is the Cunha et al. 2009 age estimation recommendation for torso only?
Iscan rib end
What is the Cunha et al. 2009 age estimation recommendation for upper limb only?
Acsadi and Nemeskeri humerus bone structure
