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Russia Assessment > After The Great Patriotic War > Flashcards

After The Great Patriotic War Flashcards

1
Q

What did the end of WW2 lead to for USSR

A

Increased military prestige

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2
Q

Which countries become part of USSR

A

Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (soviet republics)

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3
Q

How was Germany divided

A

Into 4- British, American, Soviet and French

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4
Q

How was Berlin spilt

A

Berlin was part of soviet zone but was split into 4 - caused tension between east and west

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5
Q

Who were in the grand alliance

A

Soviet, US and Britain

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6
Q

When was the grand alliance

A

1941-45

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7
Q

When was Tehran

A

November 1943

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8
Q

When did Churchill mad Stalin meet in Moscow

A

October 1944

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9
Q

When was Yalta conference

A

Feb 1945

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10
Q

When was Potsdam conference

A

July 1945

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11
Q

What was agreed at the Yalta conference

A

Germany and Berlin divided into 4

Germany will pay reparations

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12
Q

Who was at the Yalta conference

A

Stalin Roosevelt Churchill

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13
Q

What did Stalin seize from Germany (Yalta conference)

A

60% of German plant and resources in soviet occupied areas

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14
Q

How did they disagree over Poland (Yalta)

A

It was occupied by Soviet-promised to hold free elections but uk and us didn’t trust Stalin

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15
Q

Around what time was the Tehran conference

A

They were close to victory in the war

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16
Q

What was agreed at Tehran

A

Mount an attack of the Nazis from the east

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17
Q

What were there no agreements on at Tehran

A

Territory

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18
Q

Who was Potsdam between

A

Stalin Truman and Attlee

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19
Q

What was war like at the time of the Potsdam conference

A

War ended but fighting remained in the Far East

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20
Q

What was agreed regarding Germany at the Potsdam conference

A

Germany demilitarised

Nazi party banned

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21
Q

What would the Soviet Union gain from the Potsdam conference

A

10-15% of industrial plan and machinery from western Germany
Gain areas of east Poland

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22
Q

What were relations between big 3 at Potsdam

A

Increased tensions

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23
Q

What was the secret pact between Stalin and Roosevelt

A

If they supported US against Japan they could have land in Chinese territory

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24
Q

What was the USSR in relation to the United Nations

A

One of the 5 permanent members of the UN Security Council

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25
When was the United Nations formed
1945
26
How did the USSR extend its territory to neighbouring national states
Using its military presence and political influence, they encouraged countries to created governments ‘friendly’ to the Soviet Union
27
What was a satellite state
Pro soviet governments aka puppet states
28
When did most countries close to ussr become satellite states
1948
29
What did these satellite states create
A buffer zone to protect ussr from future invasion
30
What were previously exiled (in1930s) communist party groups doing
Training in Moscow ready to infiltrate post war governments after liberations
31
What occurred as soon as red army entered Poland
A provisional government was set up
32
What was important about the provisional government set up in Lublin
It was mostly pro-Moscow communists
33
Who led communist partisans in Yugoslavia
Joseph Tito
34
What did communist partisans gain control of
The post war government
35
Where did communist regimes control
Bulgaria and Romania
36
What did the eastern part of Germany become
Soviet zone of occupation
37
When did Moscow trained communists gain political control of east Germany
1946
38
What did communists have to do in countries where democratic national governments were elected
Salami tactics- gaining power from within | Join with non communists (especially socialists) to slowly build up
39
What did salami tactics enable
Pro- soviet governments gain power in Hungary in 1947 and Czechoslovakia in 1948
40
What ideological differences did the big three have
Stalin was critical of west for not opening a second front in European war in order to relieve pressure on the red army
41
What did they conflict about at Yalta
Post war borders of Germany and Poland
42
Why did allies agree to demand German surrender at Tehran
To prevent them from making desperate peace with hitler
43
What created tension at Potsdam
No peace agreement made- USSR was asserting politics control over countries it has liberated
44
What did the west dislike about USSR
Soviet expansionism | Right to have a buffer zone
45
When did breakdown of relations to iccur
1946-49
46
What was the long telegram
A telegram sent to Washington from Moscow by American diplomatic George Kennan
47
When was the long telegram
Feb 1946
48
Who’s as George Kennan
Expert on soviet affairs who was sent to Moscow after the war
49
What does Kennan refer to in the telegram
Soviet Union aims as “more dangerous and insidious than ever before”
50
When was the iron curtain speech
March 1946
51
Who did the iron curtain soeech
Churchill (ex-prime minister)
52
What did the iron curtain speech entail
Describes how the iron curtain has descended on Europe | He spoke out of ‘communist fifth column’ in western and Southern Europe and advised strength in dealing with ussr
53
When was Western Europe in crisis
By early 1947
54
Why was Western European in crisis
Fears of economic collapse and political instability
55
Which countries were in the most crisis (1947)
Italy and France and Greece
56
Why did Italy and France struggle
Communist parties were very strong
57
What was happening in Greece
Civil war
58
When was the Truman doctrine
March 1947
59
What was the Truman doctrines
Asserted new policy of containment of communism
60
When was the Marshall plan
July 1947
61
What’s as the Marshall plan
An interjection of aid to rebuild Europe
62
What do many historians believe about the Marshall plan
It was used as a political weapon to extend American influence
63
What set the context fro the Berlin crisis
When the communists took over Czechoslovakia
64
When was the Berlin crisis
1948
65
Where was their clear separation in Germany
Between the soviet zone and all other west zones
66
Why did Stalin dislike the Marshall plan
Hostile to soviet interests | Worried US would rebuild economy in western Germany
67
What were soviet bloc countries pressured to do
Reject aid of Marshall plan
68
Who took over Czechoslovakian government and when
``` Kliment Gotwald (leader of communists) Feb 1948 ```
69
What did the Czech ‘success’ lead to
Increased division between east and west over Marshall plan
70
Which zones did the soviet and the Allies get in Berlin
Allies got the west and soviet got the east
71
What was Stalin especially annoyed about (relating to Berlin zones)
New currency was being established in the west in June 1948
72
What did the Berlin zone issue lead to
The Berlin blockade
73
When was the Berlin blockade
1948
74
What initially happened in the Berlin blockade
All road and rail links were cut off from Berlin and the west
75
What was Stalin’s plan, regarding the Berlin blockade
To force the US to settling the Berlin question on soviet terms
76
Why did Stalin’s blockade plan fail
The Berlin airlift
77
Who coordinated the Berlin airlift
US military governor, General Lucius Clay
78
What was the Berlin airlift
Essential supplies were flew into West Berlin through the 1948/49 winter
79
When was the blockade called off
After 318 days
80
What did the end of the blockade confirm
Division between east and west
81
What did Stalin think of NATO
He though it was a hostile act
82
When was NATO established
1949
83
What was the purpose of NATO
To defend the west against soviet aggression
84
When was the first successful US atomic bomb
1945
85
When was the USSRs first successful atomic bomb test
1949 (world power)
86
What happened after the Chinese civil war
Communist party succeeded and Stalin met with Mao Zedong to discuss an alliance in Moscow
87
What happened to mining production after the war
Less than half the level of 1940
88
What happened to electrical power production after ww2
At 52% of 1940 level
89
What happened to steel production after the war
45% of the 1940 level
90
Tons of coal in 1945 and 1950
149.3 to 261.1
91
Ron’s of steel in 1945 and 1950
12.3 to 27.3
92
How many collective farms were ruined
98,000
93
How many tractors were lost
137000
94
What hindered agricultural recovery
A labour shortage
95
What was the agricultural in 1946
Driest year since 1891 leading to failed harvests and famine
96
What was agriculture like by 1953
Still unsatisfactory
97
Grain lroduction from 1940 to 1952
1940- 95.6 1947- 65.9 1952- 92.2
98
When did US test H bomb
1952
99
How many more times powerful was the h bomb than the one dropped on Hiroshima
2500
100
When did ussr test first h bomb
1953

Russia Assessment (2 decks)

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