African and Latin American Music Flashcards
Melody of African Music
use of ostinato (repeated pattern)
Texture of African Music
heterophony
two or more musicians play improvisation of the same melody done independently and simultaneously.
heterophony
Rhythm of African Music
upbeat rhythm through percussion instruments or using human body movements.
Maracatu of African Music:
strong beats from percussion instruments
The Maracatu groups were called?
nacao, which means nation.
Maracatu first appeared in?
African state Pernambuco
African Musical Instruments imitate the sound of?
nature
musical form evolved from African Americans during the latter part of 19th century. It is expressive and soulful style of singing. This urban blues gave birth to rock and roll and rhythm and blues.
Blues
refers to gospel-style music evolved between 1950’s-1960’s. combines the basics of rhythm and blues and gospel music, which was popularized by the African Americans. Characterized by vocal emphasis and an emotional and improvised delivery. Aretha Franklin, Marvin Gaye, and James Brown(Godfather of _____).
Soul
also known as Negro _______. monophonic in nature and in a Capella which is the origin of Blues.
Spiritual
lead singer announces an opening phrase or call, and a chorus utters a short response. The lead singer repeats and makes variation of the call while the chorus responds their simple part. The instrumentalists may also be part of the call and response.
Call and Response
The rhythm and styles of Latin American music are influenced by?
US and other countries in European like Spain and Portugal
four elements of Latin American Music (MCLG)
Musical Style
Cultural Backgrounds
Language
Geography
Tango, Bossa nova, merengue, salsa and also other genres such reggae, jazz, rock and Latin pop.
Latin American Music
It is a dual headed drum made from a deep tree trunk with patches made up of calf or goat skin; it is played by using two sticks
Bombo
it is a rattle made up of dried hooves from sheep, llama, or goat and is worn with a wrist cloth bracelet.
Chajchas
it is a panpine type of reed made up of pieces of bamboo that are tied together
Zampoñas
This is a 10-string guitar made from the shell of an armadillo.
Charango
it is a flute made of bones or bamboo that has a vertical notched reed
Quena
it is a rectangular box made of wood and played and used as a drum. It is used by tapping its front part while the musician sits on it. Also known as the ‘beatbox’
Cajon
These are instruments made of gourd-like coconut shells with beans, seeds, or small pebbles placed inside; they are played by shaking
Maracas
These are a pair of hardwood sticks played by striking them together
Claves
it is a type of dance and music similar to salsa and uses instruments like accordions, guitars, and percussions
Cumbia
this is a lively and spirited dance of two people. It is a passionate kind of dance that shows expression and connection, and it performed in a traditional or modern style.
Tango
this is a Latin American ballroom dance with a fast basic pattern of three steps with a shuffle. It also has a fast rhythmic pattern
Cha-cha
this is a style of music that was derived from samba, which is an original Brazilian music. It gives more emphasis on percussion and melody
Bossa Nova
It is Spain’s traditional couple dance. It uses music that is traditionally played in bull fighting
Paso Doble
This is a Jamaican form of music and dance with strong accented and supplementary beats. In the 1960s, it was known as the SKA and is a variation of rhythm and blues. The most popular artist of this genre was Bob Marley.
Reggae
This is a kind of song and a dance which originated from Cuba. It has a percussive rhythm and a combination of Cuba’s musical and dance traditions
Rumba
It is a ballroom dance of two quick slow steps and two quick steps and is executed alternately in 4/4 time signature
Foxtrot
Characteristics of Afro-Latin American Music (CITT)
Conversation
Improvisation
The voice as an instrument
The instrument as a voice
Nonscripted ways of singing which allow for sincere conversation.
Improvisation
manipulation of freely controlled piece where they can change the tone of voice, its tempo, creation of moods or even changing the range and voice power.
The voice as an instrument
