Africa Vocab

Question 1

Trait

Answer 1

Specific characteristic of an individual.

Question 2

Adaptation

Answer 2

Heritable characteristic that increases an organisms ability to survive and reproduce in an environment. Changes in the body to fit a location.

Question 3

Behavioral Adaptation

Answer 3

Things animals act like to survive in an environment.

Question 4

Physical (Structural) adaptation

Answer 4

Some type of structural modification made to a part of the body.

Question 5

Competition

Answer 5

Organisms fighting over resources, goods, mates, etc…

Question 6

group behavior

Answer 6

actions performed by a group of individuals when in a pack or herd .

Question 7

herd vs. pack behavior

Answer 7

A group of organisms that work collectively as a group without a plan for where to go.
vs.
Working in a group making signals to one another and they are a large group of carnivores

Question 8

Phylogeny

Answer 8

The evolutionary history of a lineage.

Question 9

nutrition

Answer 9

The process of converting food into energy and getting other important nutrients that you need in order to survive.

Question 10

energy

Answer 10

The body stores it in the cells. It stores carbohydrates, sugars, and lipids.

Question 11

Species

Answer 11

Based off of classifications that organisms have similarities. Also their characteristic can interbreed.

Question 12

calorie (Kilocalorie)

Answer 12

amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram by 1 degree celsius.

Question 13

chromosome

Answer 13

threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information

Question 14

gene

Answer 14

sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait; factor that is passed from parent to offspring.

Question 15

karyotype

Answer 15

micrograph of the complete diploid set of chromosome grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size.

Question 16

homozygous

Answer 16

having two identical allele pairs.

Question 17

heterozygous

Answer 17

having two different allele pairs.

Question 18

zygote

Answer 18

fertilized egg

Question 19

gamete (egg or sperm)

Answer 19

sex cell

Question 20

Allele

Answer 20

One of a number of different forms of a gene.

Question 21

homologous

Answer 21

term used to refer to chromosomes in which one set come from the mate parent and one set comes from the female parent.

Question 22

autosome

Answer 22

Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; also called autosomal chromosomes.

Question 23

haploid

Answer 23

term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of genes.

Question 24

diploid

Answer 24

term used to refer to a cell that contains two sets of homologous chromosomes.

Question 25

food chain

Answer 25

series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.

Question 26

Food Web

Answer 26

Network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in the ecosystem.

Question 27

Herbivore

Answer 27

Organism that obtains energy by eating only plants.

Question 28

Carnivore

Answer 28

organism that obtains energy by eating animals

Question 29

biotic factor

Answer 29

any living part of the environment with which an organism might interact.

Question 30

abiotic factor

Answer 30

Physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosystem

Question 31

Predator

Answer 31

Captures and feeds on anither organism (prey)

Question 32

prey

Answer 32

an animal that is hunted and killed for food.

Question 33

biodiversity

Answer 33

total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere, called biological diversity.

Question 34

niche

Answer 34

full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism uses those conditions.

Question 35

decomposer

Answer 35

organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter.

Question 36

scavenger

Answer 36

animal that consumes the carcasses of other animals.