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Africa > Africa Exam > Flashcards

Africa Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Great Escarpment

A

landform rimming much of southern Africa

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2
Q

Congo Basin

A

Contains the second largest expanse of tropical rain forest in the world Savannas

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3
Q

Deserts in Africa

A

Sahara, Namib, Kalahari

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4
Q

Sahel

A

zone of ecological transition between sahara and wetter savannas and forest

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5
Q

Desertification

A

the expansion of desertlike conditions caused by human-induced degradation

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6
Q

Transhumance

A

the movement of animals between wet-season and dry-season pasture

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7
Q

Biofuels

A

wood and charcoal

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8
Q

Green Belt Movement

A

plants millions of trees

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9
Q

Population Projections

A

increase by 40% by 2050, 43% are younger than age 15

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10
Q

Life expectancy

A

50 years

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11
Q

Staple Crops

A

millet, sorghum, corn

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12
Q

Plantation agriculture for export

A

peanuts, rubber, cotton, cacao, coffee, palm oil

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13
Q

Pastoralists

A

specialize in grazing animals, camels, goats, and cattle

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14
Q

Tsetse flies

A

spread sleeping sickness

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15
Q

Urban industrial South Africa

A

South Africa is the most urbanized country in the region

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16
Q

Apartheid

A

official policy of racial segregation that shaped cities and social relations in South Africa

17
Q

Coloured

A

South African term for people of mixed African and European ancestry

18
Q

Tribes

A

Group of families or clans with common kinship, language, definable territory

19
Q

Religion

A

Christianity, Calvinism, Protestantism, Islam, and Roman Catholicism

20
Q

Islam

A

dominant religion in the Sahel

21
Q

Role of Slavery

A

Estimated 12 million were taken from Africa and sent to the Western Hemisphere from 1500 to 1870

22
Q

The Disease Factor

A

Malaria and other tropical diseases made it difficult for Europeans to establish colonies

23
Q

Liberia

A

Established as a state for freed and escaped slaves from the United States to return to their ancestral continent

24
Q

Sierra Leone

A

served same purpose as Liberia for people form British Caribbean

25
Q

Berlin Conference

A

13 European countries divided and traded Sub-Saharnan Africa(only Ethiopia remained independent

26
Q

Townships

A

segregated, substandard neighborhoods for nonwhites

27
Q

African Union

A

a continent-wide organization whose goal includes mediating disputes between neighboring states

28
Q

Tribalism

A

loyalty to an ethnic group rather than to a state

29
Q

Rwanda

A

1994 genocide between Hutus and Tutsis

30
Q

Structural adjustment programs

A

reduce government spending, cut food subsidies, encourage private sector; promoted by IMF, World Bank

31
Q

Economic nationalism

A

inefficient, often corrupt governments took over large segments of economy

32
Q

Kleptocracy

A

a state where corruption is so institutionalized that politicians and government bureaucrats siphon off huge percentage of country’s wealth

Africa (1 decks)

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