Affective Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
What are Mood Disorders?
A
- Disorders of mental status and function where altered mood is the core feature
- Referes to States of depression and of elevated mood - Mania
2
Q
Describe the psychological symptoms of depression?
A
Change in mood - Depression - Anxiety - Perplexity - Anhedonia - Dosent take pleasure from activities Change in thought content - Guilt - Hopelessness - Worthlessness - Neurotic symptomatology, - Ideas of reference - Delusions and hallucinations
3
Q
Describe the Physical symptoms of depression?
A
Change in physical sphere - Energy - Sleep - Apetite - Libido - Constipation Change in Psychmotor functioning - Agitation - Retardation
4
Q
Describe the social symptoms of depression?
A
The social sphere
- Loss of interests
- Irritability
- Apathy
- Withdrawal, loss of confidence, indecisive
- Loss of concentration, Registration & memory
5
Q
What are the symptoms of depression and how is Depression listed in the ICD-10
A
- Last for around 2 weeks
- No hypomaniac or maniac episodes
- No attributable substance use or organic mental disorder
- If psychotic symptoms or stupor then severe depression with psychotic symptoms
- Need to exclude other psychotic illness’s like schizophrenia
6
Q
Describe somatic syndrome
A
- Marked loss in interest or pleasure in activities that are normally pleasurable
- Lack of emotional reactions to events or activities that normally produce an emotional response
- Waking up 2 hrs before the normal time
- Depression in the morning
- Objective evidence of psychomotor agitation or retardation
- Marked loss of apetite
- Weight loss (5% of body weight in a month)
- Marked loss of libido
7
Q
Describe mild depression
A
Least 2 of:
- Depressed mood that is abnormal for most of the day almost everyday for the last 2 weeks largely uninfluenced by circumstances
- Loss of interest or pleasure
- Decreased energy or increased fatiguability
Addition of any to give 4:
- Loss of confidence or self-esteem
- Unreasonable feelings of guilt or self-approach
- Recurrent thoughts of death by suicide or suicidal behaviour
- Decreased concentration
- Agitation or retardation
- Change in apetite
8
Q
Describe moderate depression
A
Least 2 of:
- Depressed mood that is abnormal for most of the day almost everyday for the last 2 weeks largely uninfluenced by circumstances
- Loss of interest or pleasure
- Decreased energy or increased fatiguability
Addition of any to give 6:
- Loss of confidence or self-esteem
- Unreasonable feelings of guilt or self-approach
- Recurrent thoughts of death by suicide or suicidal behaviour
- Decreased concentration
- Agitation or retardation
- Change in apetite
9
Q
Describe severe depression
A
Least 2 of:
- Depressed mood that is abnormal for most of the day almost everyday for the last 2 weeks largely uninfluenced by circumstances
- Loss of interest or pleasure
- Decreased energy or increased fatiguability
Addition of any to give 6:
- Loss of confidence or self-esteem
- Unreasonable feelings of guilt or self-approach
- Recurrent thoughts of death by suicide or suicidal behaviour
- Decreased concentration
- Agitation or retardation
- Change in apetite
10
Q
Describe Post-Natal depression
A
Increased risk of psychiatric admission in the 30 days following childbirth
- 75% of women experience blues
- 15% of women develop Major depressive disorder within 3-6 months
Note: Apparently no association with hormonal changes
11
Q
What are the range of anti-depressants available for
A
- Selective Seretonin Reuptake inhibitors
- Tricyclic Anti-Depressants
- Monamine Oxidase inhibitors
12
Q
What are the psychological treatments available
A
- Cognitive Based Therapy
- Individual dynamic psychotherapy
- Family therapy
13
Q
What are the physical treatments
A
- ECT
- Psychosurgery
- DBS
- VNS
14
Q
What are the measurement tools available for
A
- Structured Clinical interview for DSM
- SCAN (Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neurophysciatary)
- Hamilton Depression Rating Scale
- Beck Depression Inventory II
- Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
- Patient Health Questionnaire
15
Q
What is Mania?
A
- A term to describe a state of feeling, mood, that can range from near normal experience to severe, threatening illness
- Rarely a symptom, more associated with grandiose ideas, disinhibition, loss of judgment
- Typically considered as a form of pathological inappropriate elevated mood
