Aetiology - Viruses Flashcards
1
Q
What are the five types of human papilloma virus?
High risk types of HPV cause which cancers?
What does HPV look like?
A
- alpha (skin), beta (affects oral mucosa), gamma, mu, nu
- cervical, anal, oropharyngeal, vaginal, vulvar, penile
- spread through direct sexual contact
- white, non-smoking males age 35-55 are more at risk
- double stranded DNA circular virus
- epitheliotrophic - targets epithelium and mucosa
- only 1% progress to malignant disease
2
Q
What are the high risk HPV types associated with oral cancer?
Which genes give HPV its oncogenic properties?
What are some examples of benign lesions of HPV?
Malignant?
A
- HPV 16 and HPV 18
For HPV 16 - E6 and E7 give oncogenic properties
Benign:
- papilloma
- condylomata
Malignant:
- squamous cell carcinoma
3
Q
What are risk factors for HPV?
How is HPV detected?
A
- number of sexual partners
- weakened immune system
Detection of HPV:
- P16 staining
- In-situ hybridisation (ISH)
