Aerosols, Inhalations, Sprays, Sterile

Question 1

pressurized dosage forms containing one or more active ingredients which upon activation emit
a fine dispersion of liquid and/or solid materials in
a gaseous medium.

Answer 1

Pharmaceutical aerosols, inhalations, and sprays

Question 2

provides the force that expels the product concentrate from the container and additionally is responsible for the delivery of the formulation in the proper form

Answer 2

propellant

Question 3

An aerosol formulation consists of 2 component
parts:

Answer 3

-product concentrate
-propellant.

Question 4

active ingredient of the aerosol combined with the required adjuncts (antioxidants, surface-active agents, solvents, to prepare a stable and efficacious product).

Answer 4

product concentrate

Question 5

liquefied gas or a mixture of liquefied gases that serves a dual role: propellant and solvent/vehicle for the product concentrate.
In certain aerosol systems, compressed gases—CO2, N, and N2O—are employed as propellant.

Answer 5

propellant

Question 6

Types of Aerosols:

Answer 6

Inhalation aerosols
Nasal aerosols
Lingual aerosols
Topical aerosols

Question 7

commonly known as metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), produce fine particles or droplets for inhalation through the mouth and deposition in the
pulmonary tree.
The design of the delivery system is intended to release measured quantities and of the appropriate quality of the active substance with each actuation.

Answer 7

Inhalation aerosols

Question 8

commonly known as nasal MDIs, produce fine particles or droplets for delivery through the nasal vestibule and deposition in the nasal cavity. Each actuation of the valve releases
measured mass and appropriate quality of the
active substance.

Answer 8

Nasal aerosols

Question 9

it is an object, such as a spray tip, nozzle, or button, which is capable of being attached to an aerosol paint container for the purpose of spraying the substance contained

Answer 9

Spray Actuator

Question 10

it is intended to produce fine particles or droplets for deposition on the surface of the tongue. The design of the delivery system releases one dose with each actuation.

Answer 10

Lingual aerosols

Question 11

produce fine particles or droplets for application to the skin. May be designed, as needed, to deliver a 1) metered amount of formulation upon actuation of the designed valve or
2) continuous release of formulation during depressed status of the valve.

Answer 11

Topical aerosols

Question 12

Features of pharmaceutical aerosols that are advantageous:

Answer 12

● A portion of medication may be easily withdrawn
from the package w/o contamination or
exposure to the remaining material.
● aerosol container being hermetic - protects medicinal agents adversely affected by atmospheric oxygen and moisture.
● aerosol container being opaque - protects drugs adversely affected by light.
● product is packaged under sterile conditions - sterility is maintained during the shelf-life of the product.
● Topical medication may be applied in a uniform,
thin layer to the skin, without touching the affected
area.
● Rapid onset of action.
● rapid volatilization of the propellant provides a cooling, refreshing effect.
● By proper formulation and valve control, the physical form and the particle size of the emitted
product may be controlled which may contribute to
the efficacy of a drug.
● Use of metered valves, dosage may be controlled.
The container and valve closure are tamperproof.
● Have an immediate effect and can distribute the
medicaments to certain tissues of the region.
● Bigger absorption area; abundant blood
circulation; smaller resistance of penetration.
● The drug can avoid being destroyed or inactivated
by the pH or enzymatic activity of the stomach or
intestines, and also can avoid the first-pass effect.
● Lower dosage that will minimize adverse
reactions, especially in the case of steroid therapy,
in which most of the steroid reaches the
respiratory tract and less is swallowed.
● The pressure package is convenient and easy to
use. Medication is dispensed in a ready-to-use
form at the push of a button..
● Alternative route when a therapeutic agent may
interact chemically or physically with other
medicinals needed concurrently.
● A viable alternative when the drug entity exhibits
erratic pharmacokinetics upon oral or parenteral
administration.