Aerosols Flashcards
Inhalations
drug administered via respiratory route
Insufflators
“powder blowers”when fine powder is carried into the respiratory tract
Inhalants
drugs with a high vapour pressure can simply be inhaled through the nose
aerosols
pharmaceutical preparations in devices under pressure
nebulizers
used for inhalation therapy in hospitals
vaporizers
to produce steam for humidification
T/F - Aerosol Dosage forms can be both pressurized or non-pressurized
T
What are the components of a pressurized aerosol product?
product concentrate, propellant (these 2 make the formulation); container, valve, and actuator
propellant
agents used to develop the proper pressure within the aerosol container; they expel the product when the valve is open and aid in atomization
they have a low vapour pressure and are liquid at low temperatures and gasses at room temperature
atomization
to reduce to tiny particles or a fine spray or foam
what are 4 types of propellants?
CFC’s, HFA, HC, Compressed Gases
CFC
chloro-fluoro hydrocarbon: highly restricted use to exceptional cases where there is absolutely no other option for a product which provides a significant health benefit, and the release of the product into the atm is not significant or warranted; ozone depleting; inert, non-toxic, non-polar (immiscible with water), can dissolve many substances including hydrophobic
HFA
hydrofluoroalkane - non ozone depleting fluorocarbons; low to high pressure, non-flammable, non-ozone depleting, inert, toxicologically safe
HC
hydrocarbons; same mechanism as fluorinated hydrocarbons, therefore suitable alternative, immiscible with water, flammable, use restricted to foam and water based aerosols (propane, butane, isobutane), can blend with HFA
compressed gases
nitrogen, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide - as product is used pressure in container drops; used most often for topical preparations, not ideal for aqueous products
