Aerodynamics

Question 1

Which V-speed represents maneuvering speed?

Answer 1

VA

Question 2

VNO is defined as the

Answer 2

Maximum structural cruising speed.

Question 3

(Refer to Figure 72.) The horizontal dashed line from point C to point E represents the

Answer 3

Positive limit load factor.

Question 4

An airplane said to be inherently stable will

Answer 4

Require less effort to control.

Question 5

Which V-speed represents maximum flap extended speed?

Answer 5

VFE

Question 6

Which V-speed represents maximum landing gear extended speed?

Answer 6

VLE

Question 7

(Refer to Figure 1.) The acute angle A is the angle of

Answer 7

attack.

Question 8

The speed at which a single flight control can be moved, one time, to its full deflection without risk of damage to the aircraft is

Answer 8

Maneuvering speed.

Question 9

Which V-speed represents best-angle-of-climb speed?

Answer 9

VX

Question 10

(Refer to Figure 2.) If an airplane weighs 3,300 pounds, what approximate weight would the airplane structure be required to support during a 30° banked turn while maintaining altitude?

Answer 10

3,960 pounds.

Question 11

(Refer to Figure 4.) What is the maximum structural cruising speed?

Answer 11

165 KTS.

Question 12

Upon encountering severe turbulence, which flight condition should the pilot attempt to maintain?

Answer 12

Level flight attitude.

Question 13

What is the relationship of lift, drag, thrust, and weight when the airplane is in straight-and-level flight?

Answer 13

Lift equals weight and thrust equals drag.

Question 14

The four forces acting on an airplane in flight are

Answer 14

Lift, weight, thrust, and drag.

Question 15

As altitude increases, the indicated airspeed at which a given airplane stalls in a particular configuration will

Answer 15

Remain the same regardless of altitude.

Question 16

What does the red line on an airspeed indicator represent?

Answer 16

Never-exceed speed.

Question 17

Loading an airplane to the most aft CG will cause the airplane to be

Answer 17

Less stable at all speeds.

Question 18

(Refer to Figure 72.) What does the vertical line connecting points E and F represent on the airspeed indicator?

Answer 18

The red line.

Question 19

The angle of attack at which an airplane wing stalls will

Answer 19

Remain the same regardless of gross weight.

Question 20

(Refer to Figure 4.) Which marking identifies the never-exceed speed?

Answer 20

The red radial line.

Question 21

When does P-factor cause the airplane to yaw to the left?

Answer 21

When at high angles of attack.

Question 22

What is an important airspeed limitation that is not color coded on airspeed indicators?

Answer 22

Maneuvering speed.

Question 23

The amount of excess load that can be imposed on the wing of an airplane depends upon the

Answer 23

Speed of the airplane.

Question 24

(Refer to Figure 72.) The positive limit load factor is represented by the

Answer 24

Horizontal dashed line from C to point E.

Question 25

What determines the longitudinal stability of an airplane?

Answer 25

The location of the CG with respect to the center of lift.

Question 26

The left turning tendency of an airplane caused by P-factor is the result of the

Answer 26

Propeller blade descending on the right producing more thrust than the ascending blade on the left.

Question 27

What causes an airplane (except a T-tail) to pitch nosedown when power is reduced and controls are not adjusted?

Answer 27

The downwash on the elevators from the propeller slipstream is reduced and elevator effectiveness is reduced.

Question 28

How will frost on the wings of an airplane affect takeoff performance?

Answer 28

Frost will disrupt the smooth flow of air over the wing, adversely affecting its lifting capability.

Question 29

(Refer to Figure 4.) What is the full flap operating range for airplane?

Answer 29

55 to 100 KTS.

Question 30

VSO is defined as the

Answer 30

Stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration.

Question 31

When landing behind a large aircraft, which procedure should be followed for vortex avoidance?

Answer 31

Stay above its final approach flightpath all the way to touchdown.

Question 32

What must a pilot be aware of as a result of ground effect?

Answer 32

Induced drag decreases; therefore, any excess speed at the point of flare may cause considerable floating.

Question 33

(Refer to Figure 2.) If an airplane weighs 4,500 pounds, what approximate weight would the airplane structure be required to support during a 45° banked turn while maintaining altitude?

Answer 33

6,300 pounds.

Question 34

During an approach to a stall, an increased load factor will cause the airplane to

Answer 34

Stall at a higher airspeed.

Question 35

How does the wake turbulence vortex circulate around each wingtip?

Answer 35

Outward, upward, and around each tip.

Question 36

(Refer to Figure 4.) Which color identifies the power-off stalling speed with wing flaps and landing gear in the landing configuration?

Answer 36

Lower limit of the white arc.

Question 37

Which would provide the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest distance during climb after takeoff?

Answer 37

VX

Question 38

Wingtip vortices created by large aircraft tend to

Answer 38

Sink below the aircraft generating turbulence.

Question 39

Why is frost considered hazardous to flight?

Answer 39

Frost spoils the smooth flow of air over the wings, thereby decreasing lifting capability.

Question 40

The term “angle of attack” is defined as the angle between the

Answer 40

Chord line of the wing and the relative wind.

Question 41

Ground effect is most likely to result in which problem?

Answer 41

Becoming airborne before reaching recommended takeoff speed.

Question 42

What is the angle of bank after which the load factor notably increases?

Answer 42

45

Question 43

The angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the relative wind is known as the angle of

Answer 43

attack

Question 44

(Refer to Figure 2.) If an airplane weighs 2,300 pounds, what approximate weight would the airplane structure be required to support during a 60° banked turn while maintaining altitude?

Answer 44

4,600 pounds.

Question 45

(Refer to Figure 4.) The maximum speed at which the airplane can be operated in smooth air is

Answer 45

208 KTS.

Question 46

(Refer to Figure 4.) What is the maximum flaps-extended speed?

Answer 46

100 KTS.

Question 47

What is the definition of load factor?

Answer 47

Additional weight carried by the wings divided by the weight of the aircraft.

Question 48

An airplane has been loaded in such a manner that the CG is located aft of the aft CG limit. One undesirable flight characteristic a pilot might experience with this airplane would be

Answer 48

Difficulty in recovering from a stalled condition.

Question 49

(Refer to Figure 4.) Which color identifies the normal flap operating range?

Answer 49

The white arc.

Question 50

In what flight condition must an aircraft be placed in order to spin?

Answer 50

stalled

Question 51

When taking off or landing at an airport where heavy aircraft are operating, one should be particularly alert to the hazards of wingtip vortices because this turbulence tend to

Answer 51

Sink into the flightpath of aircraft operating below the aircraft generating the turbulence.

Question 52

Which basic flight maneuver increases the load factor on an airplane as compared to straight-and-level flight?

Answer 52

Turns

Question 53

The condition that requires maximum caution when avoiding wake turbulence on landing is a

Answer 53

Light, quartering tailwind.

Question 54

(Refer to Figure 4.) What is the caution range of the airplane?

Answer 54

165 to 208 KTS.

Question 55

What is ground effect?

Answer 55

The result of the interference of the surface of the Earth with the airflow patterns about an airplane.

Question 56

When landing behind a large aircraft, the pilot should avoid wake turbulence by staying

Answer 56

Above the large aircraft’s final approach path and landing beyond the large aircraft’s touchdown point.

Question 57

What is one purpose of wing flaps?

Answer 57

To enable the pilot to make steeper approaches to a landing without increasing the airspeed.

Question 58

(Refer to Figure 4.) Which color identifies the power-off stalling speed on a specified configuration?

Answer 58

Lower limit of the green arc.

Question 59

How does frost affect the lifting surfaces of an airplane on takeoff?

Answer 59

Frost may prevent the airplane from becoming airborne at normal takeoff speed.

Question 60

During a spin to the left, which wing(s) is/are stalled?

Answer 60

Both wings are stalled.

Question 61

What is the purpose of the rudder on an airplane?

Answer 61

To control yaw.

Question 62

What force makes an airplane turn?

Answer 62

The horizontal component lift.

Question 63

What are the four forces that act on an airplane in equilibrium?

Answer 63

During unaccelerated flight.

Question 64

When departing behind a heavy aircraft, the pilot should avoid wake turbulence by maneuvering the aircraft

Answer 64

Above and upwind from the heavy aircraft.

Question 65

The angle of attack for a propeller is defined as

Question 66

Which statement relates to Bernoulli’s principle?

Answer 66

Air traveling faster over the curved upper surface of an airfoil causes lower pressure on the top surface.

Question 67

The greatest vortex strength occurs when the generating aircraft is

Answer 67

Heavy, clean, and slow.

Question 68

One of the main functions of flaps during approach and landing is to

Answer 68

Increase the angle of descent without increasing the airspeed.

Question 69

Wingtip vortices are created only when an aircraft is

Answer 69

Developing lift.

Question 70

Changes in the center of pressure of a wing affect the aircraft’s

Answer 70

Aerodynamic balance and controllability.

Question 71

Floating caused by the phenomenon of ground effect will be most realized during an approach to land when at

Answer 71

Less than the length of the wingspan above the surface.

Question 72

After takeoff, which airspeed would the pilot use to gain the most altitude in a given period of time?

Answer 72

VY

Question 73

In what flight condition is torque effect the greatest in a single-engine airplane?

Answer 73

Low airspeed, high power, high angle of attack.