aerobic system

Question 1

what are the 3 stages

Answer 1

• glycolysis
• krebs cycle
• ETC

Question 2

What is the food fuel used?

Answer 2

Glycogen

Question 3

What happens during the glycolysis

Answer 3

Glycogen–(GPP)–> glucose-(PFK) (energy + 2P + 2ADP + 2 ATP) pyruvic acid–(coenzyme A)–>Acetyl CoA

Question 4

Where does glycolysis occur

Answer 4

In sarcoplasm

Question 5

How long does glycolysis occur for

Answer 5

3 minutes

Question 6

What happens during Krebs cycle

Answer 6

• Acetyl CoA -(oxaloacetic acid)->citric acid-(oxidised in)-> krebs cycle
• From krebs cycle co2 and H+/H- comes off it
• energy + 2P + 2ADP + 2 ATP (in matrix of mitochondria)

Question 7

What happens during the electron transport chain

Answer 7

• H ions (H+) are carried through the ETC-(oxidised)–> H20–>releases enough energy to resynthesise 30 moles of ATP
• H electrons (H-) are carried through ELT in the cristae of the mitochondria-(NAD+FAD)->FADH2+NADH2–>releases enough energy to resynthesise 4 moles of ATP
• NADH2 releases enough energy to resynthesise 30 moles ATP
• FADH2 releases enough energy to resynthesise 4 moles ATP
• Overall the energy yield is 38 moles of ATP

Question 8

atp yield

Answer 8

38:1

Question 9

What intensity of activity (is electron transport chain at)

Answer 9

Sub max/moderate intensity

Question 10

what is the duration

Answer 10

• from 3 mins up to 6+ hours… long periods without rest

Question 11

sports examples

Answer 11

Marathon runner and cyclists - tour de france

Question 12

Where is the site

Answer 12

Cristae + matrix of the mitochondria

Question 13

Why are glycogen stores large

Answer 13

They are large to fuel aerobic system for a significant period of time

Question 14

Why do endurance athletes want to preserve glycogen

Answer 14

Can be broken down both aerobically and anaerobically

Question 15

What happens during beta oxidation

Answer 15

• triglycerides or fats can be metabolised aerobically as free fatty acids (FFAs). This provides a huge potential fuel store which conserves glycogen and glucose
• Lipase converts triglycerides into FFA’s and glycerol. FFA’s are converted into acetyl CoA
• FFA’s produce more acetyl CoA, therefore a higher energy yield, preferable to events lasting more than an hour. However FFA’s require 15% more O2 to metabolise

Question 16

+ves of the aerobic system

Answer 16

• Large fuel stores; triglycerides,FFA’s,glycogen and glucose
• High ATP yield and long duration of energy production
• No fatiguing by-products

Question 17

-ves of aerobic system

Answer 17

• Delay for O2 delivery and complex series of reactions
• Slow energy production limits activity to sub-maximal intensity
• Triglycerides or FFA’s demand around 15% more O2 for breakdown