AEMT Flashcards
Schedule 1 drugs
Heroin marijuana lsd
Schedule 2 drugs
Fentanyl (sublimaze) methylphenidate (Ritalin) cocaine
Schedule 3
Hydrocodone(Vicodin) acetaminophen with codeine (Tylenol with codeine) ketamine
Schedule 4
Diazepam(Valium) lorazepam(Ativan)
Schedule 5
Narcotic cough medicines
Alpha 1 receptors
Peripheral vasoconstriction
Alpha 2
Peripheral vasodilation
Little or no bronchoconstriction
Beta 1
Increased heart rate
Increased automaticity
Increased contractility
Increased conductivity
Beta 2 receptors
Bronchodilation
Vasodilation
Adrenergic
Special adrenergic nerve fibers ultimately cause the release of hormones epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Wheezing on inspiration/expirstion
Bronchospasm
Asthma
Flushed skin or hives(urticaria)
Generalized edema
Decreased bp (hypotension)
Laryngeal edema with dyspnea
Wheezing or stridor
Anaphylaxis
Shortness of breath
Wheezing
Coughing
Fever
Dehydration
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Broncholitis
Chronic cough (with sputum production)
Wheezing
Cyanosis
Tachypnea(increased breathing rate)
Bronchitis
Dependent edema
Crackles(pulmonary edema)
Orthopnea
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Heart failure
Cough
Runny or stuffy nose
Sore throat
Common cold
Fever
Barking cough
Stridor
Mostly seen in peds
Croup
Difficulty breathing and swallowing
Sore throat
Thick, gray buildup in throat or nose
Fever
Diptheria
Barrel chest
Pursed lip breathing
Dyspnea on exertion
Cyanosis
Wheezing/decreased breath sounds
Emphysema
Dyspnea
High fever
Stridor
Drooling
Difficulty swallowing
Severe sore throat
Tripod or sniffing position
Epiglottitis
Cough
Fever
Sore throat
Fatigue
Influenza type A(flu)
Coughing spells
Whooping sound
Fever
Pertussis (whooping cough)
Dyspnea
Chills,fever
Cough
Green, red, or rust-colored sputum
Localized wheezing or crackles
Pneumonia
Sudden chest pain with dyspnea
Decreased breath sounds (affected side)
Subcutaneous emphysema
Pneumothorax
Sharp chest pain
Sudden onset
Dyspnea
Tachycardia
Clear breath sounds initially
Pulmonary embolus
Severe shortness of breath
Decreased/altered LOC
Neck vein distention
Tracheal deviation (late sign)
Hypotension; sign of shock (late sign)
Tension pneumothorax
Cough
Wheezing
Fever
Dehydration
RSV
Cough
Fever
Fatigue
Productive/bloody sputum
Tuberculosis
Asthma
COPD
CHF/pulmonary edema
Pneumonia
Bronchitis
Anaphylaxis
Wheezing
COPD
Pneumonia
Bronchitis
Rhonchi
CHF/pulmonary edema
Pneumonia (pleuritic cp)
Crackles
Croup
Epiglottitis
Stridor
Asthma
COPD
Pneumonia
Hemothorax
Pneumothorax
Atelectasis
Decreased or absent breath sounds
Amount of blood returned to the heart to be pumped out
Preload
Pressure in the aorta or the peripheral vascular resistance, against which the left ventricle must pump blood
Afterload
Heart’s natural pacemaker 60 to 100 beats
SA node
40 to 60 beats
AV node
Sudden onset of weakness, nausea, sweating without a cause
Chest pain, discomfort or pressure that is crushing or squeezing and that does not change with each breath
Pain, discomfort, pressure in the lower jaw, arms, back, abdomen, or neck
Irregular heartbeat & syncope (fainting)
Shortness of breath or dyspnea
Pink,frothy sputum
Sudden death
AMI
Myocardial ischemia. Decrease in blood flow to the heart which results in chest pain through reduction of oxygen & nutrients to the tissues of the heart
ACS
Brief discomfort that has predictable characteristics and is relieved promptly
Angina pectoris
Spasm of the artery
Prinzmetal angina
Storage pouch for digestive juices and waste from the liver
Constant,severe pain the right upper midabdominal region that may refer to the right upper back, shoulder area, or flank
Gallstones
Severe pain in upper left and right quadrants and radiates to back
N/v
Abdominal distention
Tenderness
Pancreatitis
Generalized, dull, and diffuse pain in umbilical area and later localizes to the right lower quadrant
N/v
Anorexia
Fever
Chills
Appendicitis
Infection combined with diarrhea, n/v
Bacterial & viral organisms cause this condition
Contaminated food & water
Gastroenteritis
Abdominal pain left side of lower abdomen
Fever
Malaise
Body aches
Chills
N/v
Diverticulitis
Lower right abdominal pain
Rectal bleeding
Weight loss
Diarrhea
Skin problems
Fever
Crohns disease
Restlessness
Agitation, incessant talking, insomnia, anorexia, dilated pupils, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension or hypotension, paranoia, seizures, cardiac arrest
Stimulants (amphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, diet aids, nasal decongestant)
Pinpoint pupils, marked respiratory depression, drowsiness, stupor, coma
Opioid (heroin, morphine, hydromorphone (dilaudid) fentanyl, oxycodone
Hypertension, tachycardia, dilated pupils, agitation & seizures, hyperthermia
Sympathomimetic (epinephrine, Albuterol, cocaine, methamphetamine
Drowsiness, disinhibition, ataxia, slurred speech, mental confusion, respiratory depression, progressive central nervous system depression, hypotension
Sedative-hypnotic (diazepam(Valium), secobarbital(Seconal) flunitrazepam(Rohypnol)
Increased salivation, lacrimation(tearing) excess defacation or urination, n/v, airway compromise, seizures, coma
Cholinergic (diazinon, orthene, parathion, nerve gas)
Tachycardia, hyperthermia, dry skin, and mucous membranes, dilated pupils, blurred vision, sedation, agitation, seizures, coma, or delirium
Anticholinergic(atropine, scopolamine,antihistamine, antipsychotic,Jimsonweed)
Sedative-hypnotic used to treat anxiety, seizures, and alcohol withdrawal.
Effects are sedation, reduced anxiety, relaxation of striated muscle
OD include altered mentation, drowsiness, confusion, slurred speech, ataxia, and general incoordination
Benzodiazepines
Altered mental status (drowsy,confused,slurred speech) dysrhthmias(sinus tachycardia or svt) dry mouth, blurred vision or dilated pupils, urinary retention, constipation, and pulmonary edema
TCA or Tricyclic antidepressants
Damage to the body by pressure wave(flash burn)
Primary blast
Injuries from flying debris
Secondary blast injuries
Miscellaneous events during explosion
Quaternary (miscellaneous) blast
Injuries when hurled by the force of the explosion against stationary, rigid objects
Tertiary blast
Biological, chemical, or radioactive contaminants added to explosives device
Quinary blast
Decrease in the ph of blood caused by elevation of carbon dioxide
More hydrogen bicarbonate
Respiratory acidosis
Rhythmic, gradually increasing rate and depth of respirations with intermittent periods of apnea; associated with brain stem injury
Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Deep, rapid respirations; common in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis
Kussmaul Respirations
Irregular pattern, rate, and depth of breathing with intermittent period of apnea; results from increased icp
Biot (ataxic) respirations
Deep, rapid respirations similar to Kussmaul; also results from increased icp
Central neurogenic hyperventilation
Prolonged, gasping inhalation followed by extremely short, ineffective exhalation; associated with brainstem insult
Apneustic respirations
Slow, shallow, irregular or occasional gasping breaths; results from brain anoxia. Agonal gasps may be seen when the heart has stopped but the brain continues to send signals to the muscles of respiration. This is not considered a form of respiration
Agonal gasps
