Adverse events in the neonatal period

Question 1

definitions:
neonate
neonatal period
premature baby
asphyxia

Answer 1

Neonate – A new born baby

Neonatal period – From birth to first 28 days of life

Premature baby – Delivered before 37 completed weeks

Asphyxia – deficient supply of oxygen to the body

Question 2

causes of neonatal death

Answer 2

prematurity and low birth weight
infections
asphyxia
birth trauma

Question 3

common airway problems in neonates

Answer 3

Pierre Robin sequence / cleft palate

Tracheo-oesophageal fistula

choanal atresia

Question 4

breathing problems in neonates

Answer 4

respiratory distress syndrome / transient tachypnoea of the newborn

pneumothorax

congenital pneumonia

meconium aspirate syndrome

Question 5

circulation problems in neonates

Answer 5

congenital heart disease

cyanotic: TGA, TOF, TA
cyanotic: VSD, ASD, coarctation of aorta

persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn

anaemia/polycythemia

Question 6

others

Answer 6

intraventricular haemorrhage
hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
poor feeding
gastroschisis atresias?
twin-twin transfusion, haemolytic disorders
sepsis
CMV

Question 7

legal gestation termination

Answer 7

24 weeks

gestational age for resuscitation is 23 weeks in places but definite over 25 weeks

risks: sepsis, RSD, hypo/hyperglycaemia, anaemia