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STEP 3 USMLE > ADVERSE EFFECTS > Flashcards

ADVERSE EFFECTS Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Photosensitivity in a patient with antiHTA med.

A

HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE

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2
Q

Exaggerated sunburn? - Photosensitivity

A

Doxycycline

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3
Q

HTA–> thiazide_______AE?

A

Photosensitivity!

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4
Q

Amlodipine____AE?

A

Fluid retention and Urticarial Rash (psoriatic)

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5
Q

ACEI (IECA) _____AE?

A

Angioedema, Urticaria

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6
Q

Hydralazine ____AE?

A

Drug-induced Lupus
+ antinuclear ab
+ anti-histone ab

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7
Q

Adenosine____AE?

A

Bronchospasm
CI: COPD AND Asthma

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8
Q

Digoxin toxicity

A

N/V, anorexia, confusion, visual disturbance, cardiac abnormalities.

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9
Q

CBC
Dihydropyridine (DHP): Amlodipine and nifedipine
____AE

A

EDEMA!!!!!!

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10
Q

STATIN___ AE

A

Statin-induced myopathy

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11
Q

Amiodarone_____AE

A

Lung Toxicity_ Chronic Interstitial Pneumonitis

hypothiroidism (Measure TSH)

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12
Q

Metformin____AE

A

Ac. Lactic

Ci: cardio/hepatic/renal dfx

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13
Q

Spironolactona___AE

A

Gynecomastia

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14
Q

Fluoroquinolones _____ AE
- Ciprofloxacine
- Levofloxacin
- Norfloxacin
- Mixofloxacin

A

TENDON RUPTURE IN KIDS!!!!!

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15
Q

Hyperplasia Gngival….

A

FENITOINA!

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16
Q

Tetraciclyne ____AE (Fetus)

A

Dental Staining and reduction of Bone growth!

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17
Q

BACTRIM ____ AE (Fetus)

A

Hyperbilirrubinemia and Kernicterus

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18
Q

Medroxiprogesterone___ AE

A

brest tendernes
WEIGHT GAIN!!!
fatigue

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19
Q

Valproate___AE

A

Neural tube defect…
(Pt. should continue the medication anyway!)

–> OR SWITCH TO LAMOTRIGINE!

__
Tmb
Elevated aminotransferase
Hepatic failure

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20
Q

Progresive Sensory loss in distal, symmetric stocking-glove? EA___?

A

Metronidazole

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21
Q

Long-term ( > 5 years) Metformin__AE?

A

Vit B12 deficiency
- megaloblastic anemia
- neurological findings

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22
Q

Phenytoin toxicity

A

Horizontal nistagmus, ataxia, N/V
altered mental status

23
Q

Amitriptyline__AE?

A

Orthostatic hTA
Lethargy
Anticholinergic symptoms

24
Q

Hallucinations in Parkinson___

A

Dopamine +
(Levodopa)

25
Q

CMZ___AE?

A

N/V
leukopenia

26
Q

Aminoglycocides ___AE?

A

Ototoxicity ….. sensorineural hearing loss
Vestibular system …. imbalance

27
Q

Venlafaxine __AE?

A

HTA … dose-dependant!!

28
Q

Akathisia…

A

Antipsychotics

29
Q

Lithium ___AE?

A

hypothyroidism
HYPERPARATHIROIDIS w/ HYPER CA+
Nephrogenic DI
CKD
Teratogenic effects

30
Q

IMAO (Phenelzine) + Foods rich in Tyramine

A

HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS!!!!!!

31
Q

BBloquers___AE?

A

Weight Gain

32
Q

Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers ___ AE?
- Amlodipina…

A

EDEMA!

33
Q

IECA ____ AE?

A

Angioedema

34
Q

Aldosterone Agonist
- Spironolactona
- Eplerrenona

A

HYPER K+

35
Q

… changes in color vision…?

A

DIGOXINE toxicity

36
Q

Antracilcyne (Doxorrubicine)
Trastuzumab

A

CArdiotoxicity

37
Q

STATINS ____ AE??

A

MUSCLE – statin myopathy
LIVER TOXICITY!!! - hepatitis

38
Q

Procainamide
Hydralazine

A

DILE
Drug-induced Lupus

39
Q

Sotalol….

A

Torsada de POintes (TdP)

40
Q

Methyltestosterone… AE?

A

acne

41
Q

Thiazolidinodionas (Pioglitazone)

A

Edema and Weight Gain

42
Q

Metformin___ AE?

A

LActic acidosis. (DO Not give in renal insuficiency)

43
Q

Sulfonylureas (Glyburide_Glimepiride)

A

hypoglycemia !!

44
Q

Glifozin SGLT-2. ___AE?

A

Decrease blood pressure!

URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS!!!!!!!!!!!!!

45
Q

Lipodystrophy

A

HAART (Zidovudine)

46
Q

Bifosfonates

A

Osteonecrosis of the jaw

47
Q

FIBRATES
- Gemfibrozil

A

Gallstone formation!

48
Q

Warfarin
.. inhibits proteins S and C

A

Skin Necrosis!

49
Q

Heparin-induced….

A

Thrombocytopenia…

Switch to Argatroban!

50
Q

AE Chemotherapy
-Vincristine
-Bleomycin
-Doxorubicin
- Cyclophosphamide

A

AE Chemotherapy

-Vincristine –> Neurotox

-Bleomycin. –>Pulmonary fibrosis and Skin decoloration

-Doxorubicin –> CHF

  • Cyclophosphamide –> Hemorrhagic cystitis
51
Q

Acyclovir IV

A

Crystalline Nephropathy

52
Q

Amphotericin B

A

** hypoK+ **hypoMg+
*** Nephrotoxicity

53
Q

Acute Nitrofurantoin -induced pulmonary injury

A

Nitrofurantoine

54
Q
A

STEP 3 USMLE (1 decks)

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