Adverse Drug Reactions Flashcards
top antibiotic in ADR reports
cotrimoxazole
predictable ADRs
AH
prolonged AB
erythromycin
sedative
pseudomembranous colitis
theophylline metabolism effects
unpredictable ADRs
aspirin
dapsone (G6PD deficient px)
opiate/morphine
tinnitus
hemolytic anemia
pruritus
type ii
penicillin
quinidine
sulfonamides
penicillin - immune hemolytic anemia
quinidine - immune thrombocytopenia
sulfonamides - immune granulocytopenia
type iii - antigen excess.
serum sickness…
fever, rash, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy
kailan nag ooccur yung symptoms
1-3w
drug-related risk factors
structure dose route of administration *repetitive exposure *concurrent illness
large MW
large dose
IV > oral
host-related risk factors
age
sex
atopy
comorbids
extremes are less affected (prematurity; senescence)
females
does not affect frequency! pero more severe
HIV -> allergy to cotrimoxazole
sulfonamides -
most reactions are of what type?
presentation?
delayed type
maculopapular rash
vancomycin ADR
presentation
IV-infusion – what to do????
red man syndrome (cutaneous erythema, flushing, pruritus)
prolong infusion! premedicate with AH!
opiates (morhpine) _ mast cell….
these are direct mast cell releasers
*anaphylactoid (non IgE mediated)
vaccines
prepared using embryonated chicken eggs
grown in chick embryo fibroblast culture
influenza
measles/mmr
some drugs may still cause ADRs w/o sensitization (no need for first exposure)
PI concept
