Adverse Drug Reactions Flashcards
what class of medication increases risk of rhabdomyolysis?
Statins
what are type A adverse reactions?
A = Augmented
Dose related
Common and predictable
Related to pharmacology
Unlikely to be fatal
E.g - digoxin toxicity, constipation with opioids
what are type B drug reactions?
B = Bizarre
Not dose related
Uncommon/unpredictable
Not related to pharmacology
Often fatal
E.g. penicillin hypersensitivity, malignant hyperthermia
what are type C dug reactions?
C = Chronic
Uncommon
related to cumulative dose
time-related
e.g suppression of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis with long term steroids
what are type D drug reactions?
D = Delayed
Uncommon
usually dose related
occurs/become apparent some time after use of drug
e.g. carcinogenic
what are type E drug reactions?
End of treatment
Uncommon
occurs soon after withdrawal of drug
opioid withdrawal
what are type F drug reactions?
F = Failure
common
dose related
often caused by drug interactions
e.g. failure of COCP with enzyme inducers, failure of therapeutic effect
what are 7 reasons a patient may be susceptible to adverse drug reactions?
I GASPED
Immunological reactions - allergies
Genetics - G6PD
Age
Sec
Physiology - pregnant
Exogenous - other drugs, foods
Disease states - renal/liver dysfunction
what are 3 differences in body composition in children compared to adults?
higher body water content
Reduced albumin and total protein
Immature BBB
what are 3 adverse effects that are more common in women?
Psychiatric adverse effects with mefluroquine
Drug induced torsades de points in erythromycin use
Hyponatraemia with diuretics
what allele increases risk of SJS and TEN?
HLA-B*1502
what are 5 medications that should be avoided in G6PD?
anti-malarials
nitrofurantoin
quinolone antibiotics - cipro
Rasburicase
Sulphonamides
