Advanced Vocab Words - Set 3 Flashcards
Learn to understand and effectively use 100 advanced vocabulary words. Improve your test scores, or simply be more articulate in your daily life. Each word is used in context in a sample sentence and includes synonyms and a pronunciation guide.
Define:
burnish
(bur-nish)
v. to polish or make shine
n. a shiny appearance
The store owner’s son’s only job was to burnish the statues in the window every day.
Define:
buttress
(but-riss)
n. a supporting structure
v. to support or encourage
The parents decided to buttress the after-school programs that were in danger of ending by making donations.
Define:
equivocate
(i-kwiv-uh-keyt)
v. to make vague, unclear statements
The mayor equivocated when confronted about his use of public funds.
Define:
paragon
(par-uh-gon)
n. a model of excellence
The man was a paragon of virtue who had never stolen so much as a loaf of bread in his life.
Define:
cacophony
(kuh-kof-uh-nee)
n. unpleasant, discordant sounds
The orchestra’s first attempt to play together was a cacophony of jarring notes.
Define:
mawkish
(maw-kish)
adj. overly sentimental to a sickening point
The group of graduating seniors was a mawkish sight, crying and taking hundreds of pictures.
Define:
cajole
(kuh-djohl)
v. to make someone do something with flattery or promises
Mother cajoled her into driving the other children to school, promising to make her favorite dinner.
Define:
dogmatic
(dawg-matt-ik)
adj. rigidly fixed in opinion or expression in an arrogant manner
The dogmatic theorist refused to listen to any other possibilities.
Define:
calibrate
(kal-ih-brehyt)
v. to check or balance the scale of a measuring device with a standard scale
The new thermometer needed to be calibrated before it could be used.
Define:
perdition
(per-dish-uhn)
n. a state of final spiritual ruin, loss of soul, damnation
n. hell
Poor moral choices led Johnny down the road to perdition.
Define:
beseech
(bih-seech)
v. to request urgently
The dying man beseeched his family to visit him.
Define:
canny
(can-ee)
adj. careful; shrewd
John was a canny negotiator; no matter how bad his bargaining position, he would always come out on top.
Define:
seminal
(sem-uh-nl)
adj. original and influential
The seminal works of the artist developed into a new style of interpretation.
Define:
cantankerous
(can-tang-kurr-us)
adj. difficult to handle; ill-tempered
The worst part about working in customer service was having to deal with irate, cantankerous callers.
Define:
semantic
(suh-man-tick)
adj. related to the meaning of words
Susan felt that the abortion debate had become too focused on semantic arguments.
Define:
serrate
(sare-ate)
adj. having toothed edges (“serrated” is an alternate form of the adj.)
Kate used the serrate edge of the knife to cut through the tough meat.
Define:
sever
(sev-er)
v. to cut off
Unfortunately, to prevent the infection from spreading, the doctors had to sever the infected parts of the hand.
Define:
sinuous
(sin-you-us)
adj. twisting and winding
adj. not direct
The sinuous path through the mountains was probably the most dangerous route to take.
Define:
solicitude
(suh-liss-ih-tood)
n. caring about others’ well being
Though she claims not to have any feelings for Julio, she showed a great deal of solicitude when she learned of his illness.
Define:
solidarity
(sol-ih-dare-ih-tee)
n. a feeling of camaraderie with others due to shared goals
Several townspeople expressed solidarity with the union members by protesting with them.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to polish or make shine
n. a shiny appearance
burnish
(bur-nish)
synonyms: polish, brighten, shine, buff, enhance
He spent hours burnishing the silverware until it gleamed.
The marble floors had a burnish that reflected the sunlight beautifully.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. a supporting structure
v. to support or encourage
buttress
(but-riss)
synonyms: prop, support; bolster, reinforce, shore up, sustain
The ancient cathedral was held up by massive stone buttresses.
The evidence presented in court buttressed his claims of innocence.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to make vague, unclear statements
equivocate
(i-kwiv-uh-keyt)
synonyms: evade, sidestep, hedge, prevaricate, obscure
When asked about his plans, he began to equivocate, avoiding a direct answer.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. a model of excellence
paragon
(par-uh-gon)
synonyms: archetype, ideal, exemplar, standard, model
She was considered a paragon of virtue and kindness by everyone who knew her.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. unpleasant, discordant sounds
cacophony
(kuh-kof-uh-nee)
synonyms: noise, clamor, din, racket, uproar
The cacophony of traffic and construction made it impossible to concentrate.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. overly sentimental to a sickening point
mawkish
(maw-kish)
synonyms: emotional, mushy, sentimental, sappy, overemotional
The movie’s mawkish love scenes were so exaggerated that they felt insincere.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to make someone do something with flattery or promises
cajole
(kuh-djohl)
synonyms: coax, persuade, wheedle, sweet-talk, entice, manipulate
He managed to cajole his friend into lending him the car for the weekend.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. rigidly fixed in opinion or expression in an arrogant manner
dogmatic
(dawg-matt-ik)
synonyms: arrogant, bullheaded, authoritarian, opinionated, inflexible, doctrinaire
Her dogmatic stance on the issue left no room for discussion or compromise.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to check or balance the scale of a measuring device with a standard scale
calibrate
(kal-ih-brehyt)
synonyms: align, balance, fix, adjust, standardize, regulate
Before starting the experiment, the scientist calibrated the instruments to ensure accuracy.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. a state of final spiritual ruin, loss of soul, damnation
n. hell
perdition
(per-dish-uhn)
synonyms: hell, damnation, corruption, underworld, eternal torment, abyss
The villain’s actions led him down a path of perdition, doomed to eternal suffering.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to request urgently
beseech
(bih-seech)
synonyms: beg, appeal, plead, implore, urge, solicit
The villagers beseeched the king for help in their time of need.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. careful; shrewd
canny
(can-ee)
synonyms: acute, cunning, astute, perceptive, shrewd
Her canny negotiation skills helped her secure a great deal on the contract.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. original and influential
seminal
(sem-uh-nl)
synonyms: landmark, fundamental, fertile, groundbreaking, pioneering, innovative
His seminal work in physics changed the way scientists understood the universe.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. difficult to handle; ill-tempered
cantankerous
(can-tang-kurr-us)
synonyms: crabby, cranky, aggressive, irritable, quarrelsome, testy
The cantankerous old man yelled at anyone who crossed his lawn.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. related to the meaning of words
semantic
(suh-man-tick)
synonyms: linguistic, verbal, meaning-related, lexical, interpretive
The argument boiled down to a semantic difference in how they interpreted the contract.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. having toothed edges
serrate
(sare-ate)
synonyms: a toothed edge or blade, notched, jagged, indented
The serrate edge of the knife made it easier to cut through tough materials.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to cut off
sever
(sev-er)
synonyms: carve, disconnect, break off, cut, split, detach
The company had to sever ties with the contractor after the project went over budget.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. twisting and winding
adj. not direct
sinuous
(sin-you-us)
synonyms: curved, circuitous, meandering, twisting, serpentine, indirect
The sinuous path through the mountains made for a challenging hike.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. caring about others’ well being
solicitude
(suh-liss-ih-tood)
synonyms: consideration, watchfulness, care, concern, attentiveness
Her solicitude for her elderly neighbors was evident in the way she checked on them daily.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. a feeling of camaraderie with others due to shared goals
solidarity
(sol-ih-dare-ih-tee)
synonyms: alliance, sympathy, unity, togetherness, support
The workers showed solidarity during the strike, united in their demands for better conditions.
Define:
soluble
(sol-yuh-bull)
adj. capable of being dissolved in a liquid
adj. capable of being solved
Certain medicines are soluble in water so they can be taken with ease.
Define:
solvent
(sol-vunt)
adj. able to meet financial obligations
n. a substance that can dissolve other substances
To remain solvent, the business was forced to sell its overseas operations.
Define:
soporific
(sop-uh-riff-ik)
adj. able to cause sleepiness
n. a substance that causes sleepiness
Bill’s new cold medication has soporific side effects that interfere with his ability to drive.
Define:
emulate
(em-yuh-lehyt)
v. to try to imitate or exceed another’s actions
Nancy wanted to emulate her older sister and so began to study more often.
Define:
enamor
(ih-nam-er)
v. to make infatuated; to cause to love
He was so enamored of her that he thought about her every day.
Define:
endemic
(in-dem-ik)
adj. originating in, native to, particular to
There are some deadly diseases that are endemic to the tropics.
Define:
endow
(in-dow)
v. to give (esp. an inheritance or genetic trait)
Christine’s mother endowed her with beautiful green eyes.
Define:
dour
(doo-er)
adj. harsh; gloomy, forbidding
adj. stern, humorless
The old headmaster never had anything but a dour expression to offer.
Define:
enervate
(in-er-vehyt)
v. to make weaker
The heat enervated the soccer players’ strength with each passing minute, and by halftime most were in no condition to continue playing.
Define:
insouciant
(in-soo-see-uhnt)
adj. unconcerned, nonchalant, lighthearted
Michael’s insouciant attitude towards schoolwork led to poor test grades.
Define:
evince
(ih-vins)
v. to clearly prove something, to indicate
Her choice not to enter into an argument with him evinced her maturity.
Define:
enfranchise
(in-fran-chahyz)
v. to give rights of citizenship, esp. the right to vote
When women were finally enfranchised, spontaneous celebrations occurred throughout the country.
Define:
filigree
(fil-ih-gree)
n. an ornamental work, esp. delicate and lacelike
v. to adorn
The wine glass was filigreed with a delicate pattern of grape vines.
Define:
engender
(in-djen-dur)
v. to cause, to lead to
The poor ventilation in the factory engendered health problems amongst the workers.
Define:
apocryphal
(uh-pok-ruh-fuhl)
adj. of dubious origin; of doubtful authenticity
I believe all stories of alien abduction are apocryphal.
Define:
enmity
(en-mih-tee)
n. strong mutual hatred
Great enmity has existed between the two tribes for centuries, leading to untold bloodshed.
Define:
aesthete
(es-theet)
n. one with artistic sensibilities
The aesthete was able to knowledgeably interpret the painting.
Define:
estimable
(es-tuh-muh-buhl)
adj. formidable, worthy
The team knew within the first few minutes that they faced an estimable opponent.
Define:
revile
(ruh-vahyl)
v. to criticize with harsh or abusive language
Film critics reviled the studio for gutting the director’s artistic vision and replacing it with meaningless action sequences.
Define:
indefatigable
(in-duh-fat-ih-guh-buhl)
adj. incapable of becoming exhausted; tireless; dogged
The marathon runner was seemingly indefatigable, keeping up his brisk pace while competitors fell behind one after the other.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. capable of being dissolved in a liquid
adj. capable of being solved
soluble
(sol-yuh-bull)
synonyms: dispersable, dissolvable; solvable, liquid, mixable, meltable
The sugar is soluble in water.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. able to meet financial obligations
n. a substance that can dissolve other substances within itself
solvent
(sol-vunt)
synonyms: financially stable, viable; dissolver, liquid, cleanser, agent
The company is solvent after restructuring.
Water is a universal solvent.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. able to cause sleepiness
n. a substance that causes sleepiness
soporific
(sop-uh-rif-ik)
synonyms: anesthetic, narcotic, sedative, sleep-inducing, tranquilizing, calming
The lecture was soporific.
The medication had a soporific effect.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to try to imitate or exceed another’s actions
emulate
(em-yuh-lehyt)
synonyms: copy, mimic, imitate, rival, follow
She tries to emulate her mentor’s success.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to make infatuated; to cause to love
enamor
(ih-nam-er)
synonyms: fascinate, captivate, infatuate, allure, enchant
He was enamored with her charm.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. originating in, native to, particular to
endemic
(in-dem-ik)
synonyms: local, regional, native, indigenous, specific
This species is endemic to the island.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to give (esp. an inheritance or genetic trait)
endow
(in-dow)
synonyms: provide, impart, bestow, grant, furnish
Her grandmother endowed her with a trust fund.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. harsh; gloomy, forbidding
adj. stern, humorless
dour
(doo-er)
synonyms: uninviting, severe, sullen, grim, austere
His dour demeanor intimidated the staff.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to make weaker
enervate
(in-er-vehyt)
synonyms: tire, exhaust, debilitate, sap, weaken
The heat enervated the athletes.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. unconcerned, nonchalant, lighthearted
insouciant
(in-soo-see-uhnt)
synonyms: carefree, unworried, indifferent, casual, relaxed
Her insouciant attitude was refreshing.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to clearly prove something, to indicate
evince
(ih-vins)
synonyms: declare, demonstrate, reveal, show, manifest
He evinced great interest in the project.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to give rights of citizenship, esp. the right to vote
enfranchise
(in-fran-chahyz)
synonyms: empower, naturalize, liberate, grant rights, enfranchisement
Women were enfranchised in the early 20th century.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. an ornamental work, esp. delicate and lacelike
v. to adorn
filigree
(fil-ih-gree)
synonyms: decoration, ornamentation; decorate, embellishment, lacework
The jewelry was adorned with gold filigree.
She filigreed the edges of her project.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to cause, to lead to
engender
(in-djen-dur)
synonyms: develop, generate, bring about, produce, create, instigate
The policy engendered debate.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. of dubious origin; of doubtful authenticity
apocryphal
(uh-pok-ruh-fuhl)
synonyms: fictitious, doubtful, unverified, questionable, spurious
The story of his victory seems apocryphal.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. strong mutual hatred
enmity
(en-mih-tee)
synonyms: animosity, antagonism, hostility, hatred, bitterness
There was clear enmity between the rivals.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. one with artistic sensibilities
aesthete
(es-theet)
synonyms: artist, connoisseur, art lover, creative, visionary
As an aesthete, she appreciated fine art.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. formidable, worthy
estimable
(es-tuh-muh-buhl)
synonyms: admirable, honored, commendable, worthy, respectable
Her estimable work earned her many accolades.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to criticize with harsh or abusive language
revile
(ruh-vahyl)
synonyms: scold, criticize, abuse, denounce, vilify, berate
The critics reviled the film for its poor acting.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
adj. incapable of becoming exhausted; tireless; dogged
indefatigable
(in-duh-fat-ih-guh-buhl)
synonyms: untiring, active, persevering, unflagging, relentless, unwearied
Her indefatigable energy amazed everyone.