Advanced Science Flashcards
Much more advanced concepts in Science
What is the only known element to exist in liquid form at room temperature aside from mercury?
Bromine
Which scientist first proposed the idea of natural selection as a mechanism for evolution?
Charles Darwin
What type of bond occurs between two nonmetals sharing electrons?
Covalent bond
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
Entropy in a closed system always increases
The Higgs boson is often referred to as what?
The ‘God Particle’
In quantum mechanics, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle states that we cannot simultaneously determine what two properties of a particle?
Position and momentum
The mitochondria is often called the powerhouse of the cell because it produces what molecule?
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
What is the SI unit of electric charge?
Coulomb
What type of radioactive decay releases a helium nucleus?
Alpha decay
Which fundamental force is responsible for holding atomic nuclei together?
Strong nuclear force
What is the rarest blood type in the human population?
AB negative
The Doppler effect explains the change in frequency of waves due to what?
Relative motion of the source and observer
In genetics, what is the term for a segment of DNA that codes for a protein?
Gene
What part of the brain is responsible for regulating emotions and memory?
Limbic system
The periodic table is arranged by increasing what property?
Atomic number
What is the only metal that reacts violently with water and produces a flame?
Cesium
The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately what?
9.81 m/s²
Which subatomic particle determines the chemical properties of an element?
Electron
What is the process of heat transfer in a vacuum?
Radiation
The Schwarzschild radius defines the boundary of what astronomical phenomenon?
Black hole (Event Horizon)
What are the two primary types of nucleic acids in living organisms?
DNA and RNA
What is the term for the measure of disorder in a system?
Entropy
What scientist is credited with discovering penicillin?
Alexander Fleming
The chemical formula of ozone is what?
O₃
The process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight is called what?
Photosynthesis
