Advanced Remote Sensing -- Test 1

Question 1

The goal of science is to discover __________ which is the same as yesterday, today, and tomorrow.

Answer 1

Universal Truths

Question 2

To identify universal truths, scientists observe and make measurements about:

Answer 2

Physical World
Living Inhabitants
Processes at Work

Question 3

The data necessary to accept or reject a hypothesis may be collected directly in the field, often referred to as ________ or in-place data collection.

Answer 3

in-situ

Question 4

What are the problems with in-situ data?

Answer 4

method-produced error
sampling design
intrusive scientist
improper operation of instruments
uncalibrated in-situ instruments

Question 5

A remote sensing instrument collects information about an object or phenomenon within the ____________ of the sensor system without being in direct physical contact with it.

Answer 5

instantaneous-field-of-view (IFOV)

Question 6

__________ is the science or art of acquiring information about an object without being in physical contact with it.

Answer 6

Remote Sensing

Question 7

Is Remote Sensing a science? Why?

Answer 7

Yes because sciences include mathematics, logic, physical sciences, biological sciences, and social sciences.

Question 8

______________ is a tool or technique similar to mathematics.

Answer 8

Remote Sensing

Question 9

Is remote sensing an art?

Answer 9

Visual image interpretation brings to bear not only scientific knowledge but all of the experience that a person has obtained in a lifetime.

Question 10

__________ can be used to obtain specific information about an object (e.g., the diameter of a cottonwood tree crown) or the geographic extent of a phenomenon (e.g., the boundary of a cottonwood stand).

Answer 10

Sensors

Question 11

The EMR reflected, emitted, or back-scattered from an object or geographic area is used as a ______________ for the actual property under investigation.

Answer 11

Surrogate

Question 12

What are the advantages to Remote Sensing?

Answer 12

Unobtrusive
Passive Sensors
Removes Sampling Bias
Provides Biophysical Information
Models Natural and Cultural Processes

Question 13

What are the limitations to Remote Sensing?

Answer 13

Oversold
Human method-produced error
Active Sensors
Uncalibrated Sensors
Expensive
Human Analysts

Question 14

The remote sensing data-collection and analysis procedures used for Earth resource applications are often implemented in a systematic fashion referred to as the ______________

Answer 14

Remote Sensing Process

Question 15

In situ and remotely sensed data are processed using:

Answer 15

Analog Image Processing
Digital image Processing
Modeling
N-dimensional visualization

Question 16

What are the 4 Remote Sensing Resolution considerations?

Answer 16

Spatial
Spectral
Temporal
Radiometric

Question 17

_______________ is the size of the field-of-view.

Answer 17

Spatial Resolution

Question 18

_______________ is the number and size (wavelength) of frequencies the sensor records data in.

Answer 18

Spectral Resolution

Question 19

_____________ is created because infrared is invisible and doesn’t have a color. So NIR would be red, red would be green, green would be blue, and blue wavelengths will not be displayed.

Answer 19

False Color Composite

Question 20

Why do we look at a False Color Composite?

Answer 20

Vegetation stands out

Question 21

______________ is how often the sensor acquires data.

Answer 21

Temporal Resolution

Question 22

__________________ is the sensitivity of detectors to small differences in electromagnetic energy

Answer 22

Radiometric Resolution

Question 23

a. It is a misnomer to refer to in situ data as ground truth data. Instead, we should refer to it simply as, __________________________ and acknowledge that it also contains error.

Answer 23

in situ ground reference data

Question 24

Remote Sensing is in Stage _____ of Science.

Answer 24

2

Question 25

What are the steps of the remote sensing process?

Answer 25

Statement of the Problem
Data Collection
Data-to-Information Conversion
Information Presentation

Question 26

What is the general wavelength of the blue band?

Answer 26

400-500 nm

Question 27

What is the general wavelength of the green band?

Answer 27

500-600 nm

Question 28

What is the general wavelength of the red band?

Answer 28

600-700nm

Question 29

What is the general wavelength of the infrared band?

Answer 29

700-1100nm

Question 30

What does 8-bit mean?

Answer 30

0-255

Question 31

Location and position of the satellite relative to the sun when the image was taken can impact the ___________ and _______________

Answer 31

accuracy and results

Question 32

c. Remote sensing systems record very specific ____________________ associated with each exposed silver halide crystal or pixel.

Answer 32

Angular Characteristics

Question 33

Angular characteristics are a function of:

Answer 33

location in a 3-d sphere of the illumination source
orientation of the terrain facet (pixel)
location of the suborbital and orbital remote sensing system

Question 34

______________ is the angle associated with incoming energy that illuminates the terrain.

Answer 34

Angle of Incidence

Question 35

_______________ is the angle made from energy leaving the terrain towards the sensor system.

Answer 35

Angle of Exitance

Question 36

This ___________________ nature of remote sensing data collection is known to influence the spectral and polarization characteristics of the at-sensor radiance, L, recorded by the remote sensing system.

Answer 36

bidirectional

Question 37

The analysis of remotely sensed data is performed using a variety of image processing techniques, including:

Answer 37

Analog (visual) image processing
Visual image processing
digital image processing.
Digital image processing

Question 38

Reasons why remote sensing of the environment is important:

Answer 38

Aerial perspective
documents change to understand processes at work
knowledge beyond our human visual perception
Information Extraction

Question 39

______________________ is defined as any information concerning terrestrial vegetation, soils, minerals, rocks, water, certain atmospheric characteristics, and urban infrastructure.

Answer 39

Earth resource information