Advanced Photo Editing Flashcards

1
Q

Photoshop

A
  • digitally alter graphics
  • using image-editing software
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2
Q

RGB

A

triplets of numbers from 0 - 255

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3
Q

Hexadecimal

A

6 digit strings of numbers 0 - F (F = 15)

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4
Q

Bitmapped graphics

A
  • grid of pixel cells, each pixel has one colour
  • cameras convert analog scenes into digital pictures by performing sampling and quantizing
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5
Q

Resolution

A

denotes how big the pixels are, usually measured in Pixel Per Inch (PPI)

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6
Q

Resampling

A
  • pixels = samples
  • breaking the picture into pixels again
  • changes how many pixels are in the image
  • used for pictures online and on computers
  • decreased quality
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7
Q

Downsampling

A
  • making it smaller
  • pixels are removed via decimation
  • cause distortions or artifacts, due to missing pixels
  • blending nearby pixels to smooth over the transition
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8
Q

Upsampling

A
  • making it larger
  • pixels must be added via interpolation
  • adding pixels to fill in the gaps between the original pixels
  • causes blurring and artifacts because the new pixels may not transition smoothly
  • interpolation: selection of new pixel colors
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9
Q

Resizing

A
  • changes the resolution
  • mainly used for printing
  • no change in quality or filesize
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10
Q

Interpolation

A

averaging the colors of the neighbouring pixels

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11
Q

Selections

A
  • regions of any size and shape in an image
  • indicated w/ marching ants: rotating dashed lines around the perimeter
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12
Q

Marquee Tool

A
  • simple to use, just drag cursor
  • rectangular and elliptical
  • single row/column marquees not as important
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13
Q

Freehand Selection Tool

A
  • Freehand: draw selection freely
  • polygonal: draw one line at a time
  • magnetic: automatically snaps to edges of high contrast
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14
Q

Selection Brush Tool

A

looks for colors similar to the current selection and grows the selection

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15
Q

Flood Select Tool

A

tolerance affects how much the selection will include pixels of similar colour of brightness

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16
Q

Clipping Mask

A
  • link a background layer to foreground layers
  • requires 2+ layers: texture, and visible shape outline
17
Q

Retouching pictures

A

remove red eye, acne, dirt, moles, scars, or other blemishes

18
Q

Healing Brush Tool

A

find an area w/o a blemish that can be used to cover the blemish

19
Q

Patch Tool

A

draw selection around an item to remove

20
Q

Blemish Removal Tool

A

click on blemish and it will automatically be covered w/ surrounding pixel colors

21
Q

Inpainting Brush Tool

A

for removing larger items, red layer will show over item you want to remove

22
Q

Red eye removal tool

A

removes red eyes caused by camera glare

23
Q

Color Channels

A
  • CMYK model used in printing
  • color models are made up of channels or bands
  • RGB: 3 bands x 8 bits = 24 bits/pixel
  • CMYK: 4 bands x 8 bits = 32 bits/pixel
  • each band is an 8-bit grayscale image
  • color image we see is the SUM of greyscale images
24
Q

White, Black, Gray Color channels

A
  • White: full color from channel
  • Black: no color from channel
  • Gray: some color from channel
25
Q

Color manipulation

A

brightness and contrast, HSL, Black and White, Lens Filter, Selective Color

26
Q

Brightness and Contrast

A
  • Brightness: how dark or light the image is
  • Contrast: how different the brightness is throughout various parts of the image - emphasizes or minimizes the extremes (darks and lights)
27
Q

HSL

A
  • Hue: base color, w/o specific info about darkness
  • Saturation: intensity of the hue; pure vs muted or whitewashed
  • Lightness: brightness of the color
28
Q

Black and White

A

converts the image to grayscale

29
Q

Lens Filter

A

apply a cooling, warming, or other color filter to the image

30
Q

Selective Color

A
  • control specific colors in the image
  • Uses CMYK sliders
31
Q

Masks

A
  • special layer linked to a regular pixel layer that controls the transparency of that linked layer
  • saved selections that are non-destructive
  • Black = hidden regions
  • White = visible regions
  • Gray = controls opacity
32
Q

Erasers

A
  • erased pixels are removed permanently
  • under or history state can be used to correct a mistake but limited to one session
33
Q

Gradient masks

A
  • apply effects on part of an image that fade out gradually
  • effects is visible only where the gradient is white, not where it is black