Advanced First Aid

Question 1

Scene Survey (4)

Answer 1

Environment and hazards
Mechanism of injury (MOI)chief complaint
Number of patients
Additional resources

Question 2

Primary survey (4)

Answer 2

Introduce self
Level of consciousness LOC
Cervical spine
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

Question 3

Oxygen administration

Answer 3

10 litres of oxygen administered

Question 4

Rapid body survey (7)

Answer 4

Head/Neck
Chest
Abdomen
Pelvis
Lower extremities
Upper extremities
Back

Question 5

Transport decision:

Load and go emergencies (13)

Answer 5

Load and go emergencies include:

• Seriously injured patients with multiple or severe traumas
• Instability or absence of the ABC’s or neurological status
• Decreased level of consciousness’s LOC or
• Ongoing seizures
• Chest pain if disorder or heart attack suspected
• Burns with signs of inhalation injury
• Excessive burns
• Abdominal distension and tenderness
• Unstable pelvic injury
• Fractured femur’s
• Amputations
• Pregnancy related conditions
• Conditions related to environmental mishaps E.G, severe hypothermia, venomous animal bites,Lightning strikes and diving emergencies

Question 6

Name the 8 components of an assessment

Sport ssto

Answer 6

Scene survey
Primary survey
Oxygen administration
Rapid body survey
Transport decision
Secondary survey
Secondary transport decision
Ongoing survey

Question 7

Levels of consciousness (4)

AVPU

Answer 7

Level of response and characteristic behaviour
All Vaginas Perk Up

Alert
eyes are open able to verbalize

Verbal
responds to commands or questions

Painful
face grimace, flex ion, extension,or withdraw of body part moan or groan

Question 8

Questions about pain(6)

0PQRST

Answer 8

Question to ask:
Onset- Did it start suddenly?
Provoke-What provokes pain or causes it to get worse?
Quality- What does the pain feel like sharp stabbing moving etc.
Region or radiate- Where exactly is the pain located? Does it radiate to other areas?
Severity- How bad is the pain?
Time- When did the pain begin?

Question 9

The Glasgow Coma Scale
E4-1
V5-1
M6-1

Answer 9

Eye-opening
E4 spontaneous
E3 to Voice
E2 to pain
E1 no response

Verbal response
V5 Oriented and converses
V4 Disorientated and converses
V3 Inappropriate words
V2 Incomprehensible sounds
V1 No response

Motor response
Responds to verbal command -
M6 obeys command

Response to painful stimulus-
M5 localized pain
M4 withdrawal
M3 abnormal flexion 
M2 abnormal extension
M1 no response
E + V + M =3 to 15

Question 10

When to obtain more medical care?

11 Conditions

Answer 10

1. Unconscious level of consciousness
2. Difficulty breathing
3. No breathing
4. No pulse or signs of circulation
5. Severe bleeding
6. Persistent pain or pressure in the chest or abdomen
7. Vomiting blood we’re passing blood
8. Suspected poisoning
9. Sudden illness requiring assistance
10. Head,neck, or spine injuries
11. Possible broken bones

Question 11

What does the acronym SAMPLE mean?

Answer 11

If you have not done so already remember to identify yourself into get the patient’s consent before helping begin the interview by asking the patients name by using her name makes patient more comfortable. First ask what happened and whether the patient has any pain. Use the acronym SAMPLE to remember to ask the following questions.
S -signs and symptoms (what are the things bothering you?)
A- allergies (what allergies do you have?)
M- medications (what medications do you take?)
P- past medical history (what medical conditions do you have?)
L- last meal (when did you last eat drink /what did you last drink or eat?)
E- events before the incident (what happened to cause the problem?)