adulthood- lecture 9

Question 1

adulthood

Answer 1

older than 19

Question 2

emerging adulthood

Answer 2

• transition can be prolonged
• 18-25
  5 features
  1. identity exploration
  2. self focus
  3. feelings inbetween adolescence and adulthood- amount of responsibility
  4. sense of broad possibilities for future
  5.instability- the unknown and adapting

Question 3

possible 5th stage of cogntive development

Answer 3

postformal stage- abstract and logical thinking of formal operational cognition is combined with emotional and pragmatic thinking

Question 4

protective factors of adult cognitive performance

Answer 4

• education- the more years, the less of a decline
• diet- more veg= less of a decline
• exercise- strength and aerobics training

Question 5

friendship in emerging adulthood

Answer 5

more likely to be enduring

Question 6

what predicts happiness in intimate relationships

Answer 6

positive- perceived partner responsiveness (being a good listener +)
inverse- hostility during disagreements, lack of positive emotions

Question 7

midlife crisis research

Answer 7

1. weiss et al- orangutans and chimpanzees- low mood, decline and poor capacity to achieve goals
2. wetherington- not linked to adverse life events but to a general history of depression
3. costa et al- american ppts reported decrease in neuroticism and self-conscousness

Question 8

permenopause

Answer 8

• a time of life when women’s reproductive hormone levels reduce (eventually they reach pre-pubertal levels), and menstrual periods become irregular
• Usually occurs between age 45 and 55
• Also called ‘menopausal transition’
• Can last 7-14 years
• Still possible to become pregnant

Question 9

menopause

Answer 9

• Menopause = the point in time 12 months after a person’s last period
• Average age of the last menstrual period is 51
• When menstrual periods stop permanently, women are no longer able to bear children naturally

Question 10

premature menopause

Answer 10

• Early menopause (between age 40-45) can occur in women who have had a hysterectomy, have had no children, have a family history of early menopause, had early menarche, or smoke
• If it occurs before age 40, it is called premature menopause

Question 11

psychological effects of hormonal changes

Answer 11

Fluctuating hormone levels at the time of the menopause can result in a wide range of psychological effects. These include depression, irritability, forgetfulness and indecision, anxiety or fear, insomnia, a loss of libido, and lethargy

Question 12

managing menopause

Answer 12

1. symptom control methods- loose cotton clothing, avoid spicy food, decrease caffiene intake
2. HRT ( hormone replacement therapy)- replaces declining hormones
3. healthy lifestyle-exercise (weight and bllod circulation), mindfulness, CBT, stopping smoking, increasing calcium